scholarly journals Characterization of Proteolytic Activity of Artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) Flower Extracts on Bovine Casein to Obtain Bioactive Peptides

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 914 ◽  
Author(s):  
Estefanía Bueno-Gavilá ◽  
Adela Abellán ◽  
María Soledad Bermejo ◽  
Eva Salazar ◽  
José María Cayuela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Proteolytic Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Enzyme Concentration ◽  
Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Antihypertensive Activity ◽  
Hydrolysis Time ◽  
Cynara Scolymus ◽  
Trolox Equivalent ◽  
Casein Hydrolysates

The aim of this work is to establish the most suitable proteolysis conditions to obtain bovine casein hydrolysates containing peptides with antioxidant and antihypertensive capacity. To this end, the proteolytic activity of Cynara scolymus L. flower extracts was characterized on whole bovine casein, evaluating the effect of several factors (pH, temperature, substrate concentration, enzyme concentration, and hydrolysis time). The optimal conditions to carry out the hydrolysis with the C. scolymus L. extract were as follows: pH 6.2, 50 °C, and 0.023 mg·mL−1 of extract-protein concentration. A Michaelis constant (Km) value of 5.66 mg·mL−1 and a maximum rate of reaction (Vmax) of 8.47 mUAbs∙min−1 were observed. The optimal hydrolysis time was 17 h. The casein hydrolysates obtained with these conditions contained peptides with antioxidant activity (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging capacity: 30.89%; Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) against 2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) free radical (ABTS●+): 4.43 mM Trolox equivalent·mg−1 peptide) and antihypertensive activity, showing 55.05% angiotensin-converting enzyme-I inhibition in vitro.

scholarly journals Quantification of the Antioxidant Activity of Plant Extracts: Analysis of Sensitivity and Hierarchization Based on the Method Used

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natividad Chaves ◽  
Antonio Santiago ◽  
Juan Carlos Alías
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Antioxidant Compounds ◽  
Frap Assay ◽  
Trolox Equivalent

Plants have a large number of bioactive compounds with high antioxidant activity. Studies for the determination of the antioxidant activity of different plant species could contribute to revealing the value of these species as a source of new antioxidant compounds. There is a large variety of in vitro methods to quantify antioxidant activity, and it is important to select the proper method to determine which species have the highest antioxidant activity. The aim of this work was to verify whether different methods show the same sensitivity and/or capacity to discriminate the antioxidant activity of the extract of different plant species. To that end, we selected 12 species with different content of phenolic compounds. Their extracts were analyzed using the following methods: 2,2-di-phenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging capacity assay, ferric reducing (FRAP) assay, Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (ABTS) assay, and reducing power (RP) assay. The four methods selected could quantify the antioxidant capacity of the 12 study species, although there were differences between them. The antioxidant activity values quantified through DPPH and RP were higher than the ones obtained by ABTS and FRAP, and these values varied among species. Thus, the hierarchization or categorization of these species was different depending on the method used. Another difference established between these methods was the sensitivity obtained with each of them. A cluster revealed that RP established the largest number of groups at the shortest distance from the root. Therefore, as it showed the best discrimination of differences and/or similarities between species, RP is considered in this study as the one with the highest sensitivity among the four studied methods. On the other hand, ABTS showed the lowest sensitivity. These results show the importance of selecting the proper antioxidant activity quantification method for establishing a ranking of species based on this parameter.

scholarly journals Phytochemical characterization of phenolics by LC-MS/MS and biological evaluation of Ajuga orientalis from Turkey

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 639 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatih Göger ◽  
Yavuz Bülent Köse ◽  
Gamze Göger ◽  
Fatih Demirci
Keyword(s):  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Biological Evaluation ◽  
Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Trolox Equivalent ◽  
Anticandidal Activity ◽  
Antioxidant And Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Mic Value

<p class="Abstract">The aim of this study was to reveal the phytochemical constituents, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of <em>Ajuga orientalis</em>. According to the antimicrobial results, the methanol extract of<em> A. orientalis</em> showed a MIC value of 312.5 µg/mL against the tested pathogenic bacterial strains. Anticandidal activity of extract was found as 156.3 µg/mL both against <em>Candida albicans</em> and <em>C. parapsilosis</em> strains. Whereas the extract was more effective against <em>C. tropicalis</em> with the MIC value of 78.1 µg/mL. The<em> in vitro</em> DPPH radical scavenging activity of the extract was determined as IC<sub>50</sub>=0.4 ± 0.02 mg/mL whereas the standard BHT IC<sub>50</sub> was 0.01 ± 0.00 mg/mL. Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity (TEAC) of extract was determined 1.3 mM TEAC, while BHT, 1.9 mM TEAC.</p><p> </p>

scholarly journals Bioactivity of Hydrolysates Obtained from Chicken Egg Ovalbumin Using Artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) Proteases

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 246
Author(s):  
Estefanía Bueno-Gavilá ◽  
Adela Abellán ◽  
Francisco Girón-Rodríguez ◽  
José María Cayuela ◽  
Luis Tejada
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Ace Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Hydrolysis Time ◽  
Cynara Scolymus ◽  
Chicken Egg ◽  
In Vitro Hydrolysis ◽  
Ace Inhibitory

The aim of this work was to obtain chicken egg ovalbumin hydrolysates using aspartic proteinases present in extracts from the artichoke flower (Cynara scolymus L.) and evaluate their antioxidant, antimicrobial, and angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity in vitro. Hydrolysis time and molecular weight (<3 kDa) had a significant influence on the hypertensive and antioxidant activity of the hydrolysates. The <3 kDa fraction of the 16 h hydrolysate had an ACE inhibitory activity with an IC50 of 64.06 µg peptides/mL. The fraction <3 kDa of ovalbumin hydrolysate at 2 h of hydrolysis showed a DPPH radical scavenging activity of 30.27 µM of Trolox equivalents/mg peptides. The fraction <3 kDa of the hydrolysate of 16 h had an ABTS+ caption activity of 4.30 mM of Trolox equivalents/mg peptides. The fraction <3 kDa of the hydrolysate of 2 h had an iron (II) chelating activity of 32.18 µg peptides/mL. From the peptide sequences identified in the hydrolysates, we detected four peptides (from the BIOPEP database) that were already in their bioactive form (IAAEVYEHTEGSTTSY, HLFGPPGKKDPV, PIAAEVYEHTEGSTTSY, and YAEERYPIL), and are reported to display antioxidant and ACE inhibitory activity.

scholarly journals Inhibitory Effect of Antidesma bunius Fruit Extract on Carbohydrate Digestive Enzymes Activity and Protein Glycation In Vitro

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
Pattamaporn Aksornchu ◽  
Netima Chamnansilpa ◽  
Sirichai Adisakwattana ◽  
Thavaree Thilavech ◽  
Charoonsri Choosak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Digestive Enzyme ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Protein Glycation ◽  
Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Ic50 Values

Antidesma bunius (L.) spreng (Mamao) is widely distributed in Northeastern Thailand. Antidesma bunius has been reported to contain anthocyanins, which possess antioxidant and antihypertensive actions. However, the antidiabetic and antiglycation activity of Antidesma bunius fruit extract has not yet been reported. In this study, we investigated the inhibitory activity of anthocyanin-enriched fraction of Antidesma bunius fruit extract (ABE) against pancreatic α-amylase, intestinal α-glucosidase (maltase and sucrase), protein glycation, as well as antioxidant activity. A liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) chromatogram revealed that ABE contained phytochemical compounds such as cyanidin-3-glucoside, delphinidin-3-glucoside, ellagic acid, and myricetin-3-galactoside. ABE inhibited intestinal maltase and sucrase activity with the IC50 values of 0.76 ± 0.02 mg/mL and 1.33 ± 0.03 mg/mL, respectively. Furthermore, ABE (0.25 mg/mL) reduced the formation of fluorescent AGEs and the level of Nε-carboxymethyllysine (Nε-CML) in fructose and glucose-induced protein glycation during four weeks of incubation. During the glycation process, the protein carbonyl and β-amyloid cross structure were decreased by ABE (0.25 mg/mL). In addition, ABE exhibited antioxidant activity through DPPH radical scavenging activity and Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) with the IC50 values 15.84 ± 0.06 µg/mL and 166.1 ± 2.40 µg/mL, respectively. Meanwhile, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) showed an EC50 value of 182.22 ± 0.64 µg/mL. The findings suggest that ABE may be a promising agent for inhibiting carbohydrate digestive enzyme activity, reducing monosaccharide-induced protein glycation, and antioxidant activity.

scholarly journals Effect of the French Oak Wood Extract Robuvit on Markers of Oxidative Stress and Activity of Antioxidant Enzymes in Healthy Volunteers: A Pilot Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina Horvathova ◽  
Zuzana Orszaghova ◽  
Lucia Laubertova ◽  
Magdalena Vavakova ◽  
Peter Sabaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Total Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Trolox Equivalent ◽  
Markers Of Oxidative Stress

We examinedin vitroantioxidant capacity of polyphenolic extract obtained from the wood of oakQuercus robur(QR), Robuvit, using TEAC (Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity) method and the effect of its intake on markers of oxidative stress, activity of antioxidant enzymes, and total antioxidant capacity in plasma of 20 healthy volunteers. Markers of oxidative damage to proteins, DNA, and lipids and activities of Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were determined in the erythrocytes. We have found anin vitroantioxidant capacity of Robuvit of 6.37 micromole Trolox equivalent/mg of Robuvit. One month intake of Robuvit in daily dose of 300 mg has significantly decreased the serum level of advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) and lipid peroxides (LP). Significantly increased activities of SOD and CAT as well as total antioxidant capacity of plasma after one month intake of Robuvit have been shown. In conclusion, we have demonstrated for the first time that the intake of Robuvit is associated with decrease of markers of oxidative stress and increase of activity of antioxidant enzymes and total antioxidant capacity of plasmain vivo.

scholarly journals Naphtho-Gamma-Pyrones Produced by Aspergillus tubingensis G131: New Source of Natural Nontoxic Antioxidants

Biomolecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quentin Carboué ◽  
Marc Maresca ◽  
Gaëtan Herbette ◽  
Sevastianos Roussos ◽  
Rayhane Hamrouni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Aspergillus Tubingensis ◽  
Toxigenic Strain ◽  
Abts Assay ◽  
Trolox Equivalent ◽  
Cancerous Cells

Seven naphtho-gamma-pyrones (NγPs), including asperpyrone E, aurasperone A, dianhydroaurasperone C, fonsecin, fonsecinone A, fonsecin B, and ustilaginoidin A, were isolated from Aspergillus tubingensis G131, a non-toxigenic strain. The radical scavenging activity of these NγPs was evaluated using ABTS assay. The Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity on the seven isolated NγPs ranged from 2.4 to 14.6 μmol L−1. The toxicity and ability of the NγPs to prevent H2O2-mediated cell death were evaluated using normal/not cancerous cells (CHO cells). This cell-based assay showed that NγPs: (1) Are not toxic or weakly toxic towards cells and (2) are able to protect cells from oxidant injuries with an IC50 on H2O2-mediated cell death ranging from 2.25 to 1800 μmol mL−1. Our data show that A. tubingensis G131 strain is able to produce various NγPs possessing strong antioxidant activities and low toxicities, making this strain a good candidate for antioxidant applications in food and cosmetic industries.

scholarly journals Evaluation of theIn VitroandIn VivoAntioxidant Potentials ofSudarshanaPowder

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weerakoon Achchige Selvi Saroja Weerakoon ◽  
Pathirage Kamal Perera ◽  
Dulani Gunasekera ◽  
Thusharie Sugandhika Suresh
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substance ◽  
Trolox Equivalent ◽  
Antioxidant Effects

Sudarshanapowder (SP) is one of the most effective Ayurveda powder preparations for paediatric febrile conditions. The objective of the present study was to evaluate thein vitroandin vivoantioxidant potentials of SP. Thein vitroantioxidant effects were evaluated using ABTS radical cation decolourization assay where the TROLOX equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) was determined. Thein vivoantioxidant activity of SP was determined in Wistar rats using the Lipid Peroxidation (LPO) assay in serum. Thein vitroassay was referred to as the TROLOX equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) assay. For thein vivoassay, animals were dosed for 21 consecutive days and blood was drawn to evaluate the MDA level. Thein vitroantioxidant activity of 0.5 μg of SP was equivalent to 14.45 μg of standard TROLOX. The percentage inhibition against the radical formation was50.93±0.53%. The SP showed a statistically significant (p<0.01) decrease in the serum level of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance in the test rats when compared with the control group. These findings suggest that the SP possesses potent antioxidant activity which may be responsible for some of its reported bioactivities.

scholarly journals Chemical and Cellular Antioxidant Activities of In Vitro Digesta of Tilapia Protein and Its Hydrolysates

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 833
Author(s):  
Xiaogang Zhang ◽  
Parinya Noisa ◽  
Jirawat Yongsawatdigul
Keyword(s):  
Structural Modification ◽  
Physiological Condition ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Protein Hydrolysate ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Hydrogen Atom Transfer ◽  
Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Degree Of Hydrolysis ◽  
Trolox Equivalent

Production of protein hydrolysate as nutraceuticals is typically based on the activity of the hydrolysate, which might not yield the optimal activity under physiological condition due to structural modification of peptides upon gastrointestinal (GI) digestion. This study systematically compared the chemical and cellular antioxidant activities of the in vitro digesta of tilapia protein and its hydrolysates prepared with various degree of hydrolysis (DH) by Alcalase. The enzymes used in the in vitro GI digestion analysis significantly contributed to the peptide content, Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC), and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC). Proteins and all hydrolysates were slightly digested by pepsin but hydrolyzed extensively by pancreatin. Both hydrolysate and digesta predominantly scavenged free radicals via hydrogen atom transfer (HAT). The antioxidant activities of the hydrolysates increased with the increasing DH up to 16 h of hydrolysis. However, the digesta of 10-h hydrolysate displayed the highest chemical and HepG2 cellular antioxidant activities, while the protein digesta displayed the lowest. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed that the TEAC of the digesta was positively correlated with the cellular antioxidant activity (CAA). Therefore, the production of protein hydrolysate should be optimized based on the activity of the hydrolysate digesta rather than that of hydrolysates.

Chronic quercetin ingestion and exercise-induced oxidative damage and inflammation

2008 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 254-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven R. McAnulty ◽  
Lisa S. McAnulty ◽  
David C. Nieman ◽  
John C. Quindry ◽  
Peter A. Hosick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Damage ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Flavonoid Compound ◽  
Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Reducing Ability ◽  
Trolox Equivalent ◽  
Exercise Induced

Quercetin is a flavonoid compound that has been demonstrated to be a potent antioxidant in vitro. The objective of this study was to evaluate if quercetin ingestion would increase plasma antioxidant measures and attenuate increases in exercise-induced oxidative damage. Forty athletes were recruited and randomized to quercetin or placebo. Subjects consumed 1000 mg quercetin or placebo each day for 6 weeks before and during 3 d of cycling at 57% work maximum for 3 h. Blood was collected before and immediately after exercise each day, and analyzed for F2-isoprostanes, nitrite, ferric-reducing ability of plasma, trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity, and C-reactive protein. Statistical analyses involved a 2 (treatment) × 6 (times) repeated measures analysis of variance to test main effects. F2-isoprostanes, nitrite, ferric-reducing ability of plasma, trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity, and C-reactive protein were significantly elevated as a result of exercise, but no group effects were found. Despite previous data demonstrating potent antioxidant actions of quercetin in vitro, this study indicates that this effect is absent in vivo and that chronic quercetin ingestion does not exert protection from exercise-induced oxidative stress and inflammation.

scholarly journals Concept of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: Perspectives of Ayurveda and Modern Science

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Patel M G. ◽  
Prajapati D. P.
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Fluorescence Intensity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
Protein Carbonyl ◽  
Protein Glycation ◽  
Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Nitric Oxide Radical

Non enzymatic glycation is a chain reaction between reducing sugars and the free amino groups of proteins, involved in severity of diabetes and diabetic complications. Litchi chinensis used as consumed fruit and as a drug to treat certain diseases. In this study the antioxidative effects of L.chinensis and also its effect against protein oxidation and advanced glycation end products. The antioxidant potential of aqueous fruit pericarp extract of L.chinensis (APLC) was evaluated in vitro using a model of fructose-mediated protein glycation. The antioxidant activity of APLC conducted for superoxide, hydroxyl, hydrogen peroxide, nitric oxide radical scavenging activities and also demonstrated antioxidant activity with Fe+2 chelating activity, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC) were applied. Fructose (100mM) increased fluorescence intensity of glycated bovine serum albumin (BSA) in terms of total AGEs during 21 days of exposure. Moreover, fructose caused more protein carbonyl (PCO) formation in native BSA. The APLC prevents oxidative protein damages including effect on PCO formation which are believed to form under the glycoxidation process. The APLC at different concentrations (25-250µg/ml) has significantly decreased the formation of AGEs in term of the fluorescence intensity of glycated BSA.

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