scholarly journals Inhibitory Control Processes and the Strategies That Support Them during Hand and Eye Movements

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren M. Schmitt ◽  
Lisa D. Ankeny ◽  
John A. Sweeney ◽  
Matthew W. Mosconi
Keyword(s):  
Eye Movements ◽  
Inhibitory Control ◽  
Control Processes

scholarly journals Impaired Inhibitory Control of Saccadic Eye Movements in Cervical Dystonia: An Eye‐Tracking Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federico Carbone ◽  
Philipp Ellmerer ◽  
Marcel Ritter ◽  
Sabine Spielberger ◽  
Philipp Mahlknecht ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eye Movements ◽  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Inhibitory Control ◽  
Cervical Dystonia ◽  
Saccadic Eye Movements

scholarly journals On the interrelation of 1/f neural noise and norepinephrine system activity during motor response inhibition

2019 ◽  
Vol 121 (5) ◽  
pp. 1633-1643 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maik Pertermann ◽  
Moritz Mückschel ◽  
Nico Adelhöfer ◽  
Tjalf Ziemssen ◽  
Christian Beste
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Cognitive Control ◽  
Inhibitory Control ◽  
Response Inhibition ◽  
Pupil Diameter ◽  
Human Information Processing ◽  
System Activity ◽  
Neural Noise ◽  
Control Processes ◽  
Norepinephrine System

Several lines of evidence suggest that there is a close interrelation between the degree of noise in neural circuits and the activity of the norepinephrine (NE) system, yet the precise nexus between these aspects is far from being understood during human information processing and cognitive control in particular. We examine this nexus during response inhibition in n = 47 healthy participants. Using high-density EEG recordings, we estimate neural noise by calculating “1/ f noise” of those data and integrate these EEG parameters with pupil diameter data as an established indirect index of NE system activity. We show that neural noise is reduced when cognitive control processes to inhibit a prepotent/automated response are exerted. These neural noise variations were confined to the theta frequency band, which has also been shown to play a central role during response inhibition and cognitive control. There were strong positive correlations between the 1 /f neural noise parameter and the pupil diameter data within the first 250 ms after the Nogo stimulus presentation at centro-parietal electrode sites. No such correlations were evident during automated responding on Go trials. Source localization analyses using standardized low-resolution brain electromagnetic tomography show that inferior parietal areas are activated in this time period in Nogo trials. The data suggest an interrelation of NE system activity and neural noise within early stages of information processing associated with inferior parietal areas when cognitive control processes are required. The data provide the first direct evidence for the nexus between NE system activity and the modulation of neural noise during inhibitory control in humans. NEW & NOTEWORTHY This is the first study showing that there is a nexus between norepinephrine system activity and the modulation of neural noise or scale-free neural activity during inhibitory control in humans. It does so by integrating pupil diameter data with analysis of EEG neural noise.

scholarly journals Eye movements reveal impaired inhibitory control in adult male fragile X premutation carriers asymptomatic for FXTAS.

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 571-584 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ling M. Wong ◽  
Naomi J. Goodrich-Hunsaker ◽  
Yingratana McLennan ◽  
Flora Tassone ◽  
Melody Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eye Movements ◽  
Inhibitory Control ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Fragile X ◽  
Fragile X Premutation

scholarly journals Measures of frontal functioning and the emergence of inhibitory control processes at 10 months of age

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberly Cuevas ◽  
Margaret M. Swingler ◽  
Martha Ann Bell ◽  
Stuart Marcovitch ◽  
Susan D. Calkins
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Control ◽  
Control Processes ◽  
Frontal Functioning

Electrophysiological activity underlying inhibitory control processes in normal adults

2006 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 384-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Schmajuk ◽  
Mario Liotti ◽  
Laura Busse ◽  
Marty G. Woldorff
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Control ◽  
Electrophysiological Activity ◽  
Control Processes ◽  
Normal Adults

scholarly journals The influences of reading direction on inhibitory control of eye movements

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (7) ◽  
pp. 571-571
Author(s):  
S.-N. Yang ◽  
G. W. McConkie
Keyword(s):  
Eye Movements ◽  
Inhibitory Control ◽  
Reading Direction

Canceling of Pursuit and Saccadic Eye Movements in Humans and Monkeys

2003 ◽  
Vol 89 (6) ◽  
pp. 2984-2999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krista Kornylo ◽  
Natalie Dill ◽  
Melissa Saenz ◽  
Richard J. Krauzlis
Keyword(s):  
Eye Movements ◽  
Eye Movement ◽  
Inhibitory Control ◽  
Saccadic Eye Movements ◽  
Preceding Trial ◽  
Stop Signal ◽  
Motor Pathways ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Saccade Preparation ◽  
Countermanding Task

The countermanding paradigm provides a useful tool for examining the mechanisms responsible for canceling eye movements. The key feature of this paradigm is that, on a minority of trials, a stop signal is introduced some time after the appearance of the target, indicating that the subject should cancel the incipient eye movement. If the delay in giving the stop signal is too long, subjects fail to cancel the eye movement to the target stimulus. By modeling this performance as a race between a go process triggered by the appearance of the target and a stop process triggered by the appearance of the stop signal, it is possible to estimate the processing interval associated with canceling the movement. We have now used this paradigm to analyze the canceling of pursuit and saccades. For pursuit, we obtained consistent estimates of the stop process regardless of our technique or assumptions—it took 50–60 ms to cancel pursuit in both humans and monkeys. For saccades, we found different values depending on our assumptions. When we assumed that saccade preparation was under inhibitory control up until movement onset, we found that saccades took longer to cancel (humans: ∼110, monkeys: ∼80 ms) than pursuit. However, when we assumed that saccade preparation includes a final “ballistic” interval not under inhibitory control, we found that the same rapid stop process that accounted for our pursuit results could also account for the canceling of saccades. We favor this second interpretation because canceling pursuit or saccades amounts to maintaining a state of fixation, and it is more parsimonious to assume that this involves a single inhibitory process associated with the fixation system, rather than two separate inhibitory processes depending on which type of eye movement will not be made. From our behavioral data, we estimate that this ballistic interval has a duration of 9–25 ms in monkeys, consistent with the known physiology of the final motor pathways for saccades, although we obtained longer values in humans (28–60 ms). Finally, we examined the effect of trial sequence during the countermanding task and found that pursuit and saccade latencies tended to be longer if the previous trial contained a stop signal than if it did not; these increases occurred regardless of whether the preceding trial was associated with the same or different type of eye movement. Together, these results suggest that a common inhibitory mechanism regulates the initiation of pursuit and saccades.

Individual differences in inhibitory control relate to bilingual spoken word processing

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
JULIE MERCIER ◽  
IRINA PIVNEVA ◽  
DEBRA TITONE
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Eye Movements ◽  
Inhibitory Control ◽  
Word Processing ◽  
Spoken Word Recognition ◽  
Spoken Word ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Language Competition ◽  
Spoken Word Processing ◽  
Cross Language

We investigated whether individual differences in inhibitory control relate to bilingual spoken word recognition. While their eye movements were monitored, native English and native French English–French bilinguals listened to English words (e.g., field) and looked at pictures corresponding to the target, a within-language competitor (feet), a French cross-language competitor (fille “girl”), or both, and unrelated filler pictures. We derived cognitive and oculomotor inhibitory control measures from a battery of inhibitory control tasks. Increased cognitive inhibitory control was linked to less within-language competition for all bilinguals, and less cross-language competition for native French low-English-exposure bilinguals. Increased oculomotor inhibitory control was linked to less within-language competition for all native French bilinguals, and less cross-language competition for native French low-English-exposure bilinguals. The results extend previous findings (Blumenfeld & Marian, 2011), and suggest that individual differences in inhibitory control relate to bilingual spoken word processing.

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