scholarly journals Measures of frontal functioning and the emergence of inhibitory control processes at 10 months of age

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberly Cuevas ◽  
Margaret M. Swingler ◽  
Martha Ann Bell ◽  
Stuart Marcovitch ◽  
Susan D. Calkins
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Control ◽  
Control Processes ◽  
Frontal Functioning

scholarly journals On the interrelation of 1/f neural noise and norepinephrine system activity during motor response inhibition

2019 ◽  
Vol 121 (5) ◽  
pp. 1633-1643 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maik Pertermann ◽  
Moritz Mückschel ◽  
Nico Adelhöfer ◽  
Tjalf Ziemssen ◽  
Christian Beste
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Cognitive Control ◽  
Inhibitory Control ◽  
Response Inhibition ◽  
Pupil Diameter ◽  
Human Information Processing ◽  
System Activity ◽  
Neural Noise ◽  
Control Processes ◽  
Norepinephrine System

Several lines of evidence suggest that there is a close interrelation between the degree of noise in neural circuits and the activity of the norepinephrine (NE) system, yet the precise nexus between these aspects is far from being understood during human information processing and cognitive control in particular. We examine this nexus during response inhibition in n = 47 healthy participants. Using high-density EEG recordings, we estimate neural noise by calculating “1/ f noise” of those data and integrate these EEG parameters with pupil diameter data as an established indirect index of NE system activity. We show that neural noise is reduced when cognitive control processes to inhibit a prepotent/automated response are exerted. These neural noise variations were confined to the theta frequency band, which has also been shown to play a central role during response inhibition and cognitive control. There were strong positive correlations between the 1 /f neural noise parameter and the pupil diameter data within the first 250 ms after the Nogo stimulus presentation at centro-parietal electrode sites. No such correlations were evident during automated responding on Go trials. Source localization analyses using standardized low-resolution brain electromagnetic tomography show that inferior parietal areas are activated in this time period in Nogo trials. The data suggest an interrelation of NE system activity and neural noise within early stages of information processing associated with inferior parietal areas when cognitive control processes are required. The data provide the first direct evidence for the nexus between NE system activity and the modulation of neural noise during inhibitory control in humans. NEW & NOTEWORTHY This is the first study showing that there is a nexus between norepinephrine system activity and the modulation of neural noise or scale-free neural activity during inhibitory control in humans. It does so by integrating pupil diameter data with analysis of EEG neural noise.

Electrophysiological activity underlying inhibitory control processes in normal adults

2006 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 384-395 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Schmajuk ◽  
Mario Liotti ◽  
Laura Busse ◽  
Marty G. Woldorff
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Control ◽  
Electrophysiological Activity ◽  
Control Processes ◽  
Normal Adults

scholarly journals Inhibitory Control Processes and the Strategies That Support Them during Hand and Eye Movements

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren M. Schmitt ◽  
Lisa D. Ankeny ◽  
John A. Sweeney ◽  
Matthew W. Mosconi
Keyword(s):  
Eye Movements ◽  
Inhibitory Control ◽  
Control Processes

scholarly journals Frontal Alpha Asymmetry and Inhibitory Control among Individuals with Cannabis Use Disorders

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alina Shevorykin ◽  
Lesia M. Ruglass ◽  
Robert D. Melara
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Control ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Approach Motivation ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Attention Task ◽  
Alpha Asymmetry ◽  
Control Processes ◽  
Frontal Alpha Asymmetry

To better understand the biopsychosocial mechanisms associated with development and maintenance of cannabis use disorder (CUD), we examined frontal alpha asymmetry (FAA) as a measure of approach bias and inhibitory control in cannabis users versus healthy nonusers. We investigated: (1) whether FAA could distinguish cannabis users from healthy controls; (2) whether there are cue-specific FAA effects in cannabis users versus controls; and (3) the time course of cue-specific approach motivation and inhibitory control processes. EEG data were analyzed from forty participants (CUD (n = 20) and controls (n = 20)) who completed a modified visual attention task. Results showed controls exhibited greater relative right hemisphere activation (indicating avoidance/withdrawal motivation) when exposed to cannabis cues during the filtering task. By contrast, cannabis users exhibited greater relative left activation (approach) to all cues (cannabis, positive, negative, and neutral), reflecting a generalized approach motivational tendency, particularly during later stages of inhibitory control processes. The difference between cannabis users and controls in FAA was largest during mid- to late processing stages of all cues, indicating greater approach motivation during later stages of information processing among cannabis users. Findings suggest FAA may distinguish cannabis users from healthy controls and shows promise as a measure of inhibitory control processes in cannabis users.

scholarly journals Dissociable Brain Mechanisms Underlying the Conscious and Unconscious Control of Behavior

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon van Gaal ◽  
Victor A. F. Lamme ◽  
Johannes J. Fahrenfort ◽  
K. Richard Ridderinkhof
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Control ◽  
Inhibitory Control ◽  
Response Times ◽  
Conscious Experience ◽  
Conscious Awareness ◽  
Slowing Down ◽  
Control Processes ◽  
P3 Component ◽  
Feedback Connections ◽  
Habitual Responses

Cognitive control allows humans to overrule and inhibit habitual responses to optimize performance in challenging situations. Contradicting traditional views, recent studies suggest that cognitive control processes can be initiated unconsciously. To further capture the relation between consciousness and cognitive control, we studied the dynamics of inhibitory control processes when triggered consciously versus unconsciously in a modified version of the stop task. Attempts to inhibit an imminent response were often successful after unmasked (visible) stop signals. Masked (invisible) stop signals rarely succeeded in instigating overt inhibition but did trigger slowing down of response times. Masked stop signals elicited a sequence of distinct ERP components that were also observed on unmasked stop signals. The N2 component correlated with the efficiency of inhibitory control when elicited by unmasked stop signals and with the magnitude of slowdown when elicited by masked stop signals. Thus, the N2 likely reflects the initiation of inhibitory control, irrespective of conscious awareness. The P3 component was much reduced in amplitude and duration on masked versus unmasked stop trials. These patterns of differences and similarities between conscious and unconscious cognitive control processes are discussed in a framework that differentiates between feedforward and feedback connections in yielding conscious experience.

scholarly journals Dynamical Change of Signal Complexity in the Brain During Inhibitory Control Processes

Entropy ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (12) ◽  
pp. 6834-6853 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shih-Lin Huang ◽  
Philip Tseng ◽  
Wei-Kuang Liang
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Control ◽  
Control Processes ◽  
Signal Complexity ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Dynamical Change
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