scholarly journals The Influence of Content Meaningfulness on Eye Movements across Tasks: Evidence from Scene Viewing and Reading

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven G. Luke ◽  
John M. Henderson
Keyword(s):  
Eye Movements ◽  
Scene Viewing

scholarly journals Examining the influence of ttask and scene alternations and repetitions on eye movements during scene viewing

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (10) ◽  
pp. 533
Author(s):  
Jordan Marshall ◽  
Edwin Dalmaijer ◽  
Stefan Van der Stigchel ◽  
Mark Mills ◽  
Michael Dodd
Keyword(s):  
Eye Movements ◽  
Scene Viewing

scholarly journals Edit Blindness: The relationship between attention and global change blindness in dynamic scenes.

2008 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim J. Smith ◽  
John M. Henderson
Keyword(s):  
Eye Movements ◽  
Change Blindness ◽  
Saccadic Eye Movements ◽  
Sudden Onset ◽  
Dynamic Scene ◽  
Dynamic Scenes ◽  
Film Editing ◽  
Feature Films ◽  
Scene Viewing ◽  
The Relationship

Although we experience the visual world as a continuous, richly detailed space we often fail to notice large and significant changes. Such change blindness has been demonstrated for local object changes and changes to the visual form of whole images, however it is assumed that total changes from one image to another would be easily detected. Film editing presents such total changes several times a minute yet we rarely seem to be aware of them, a phenomenon we refer to here as edit blindness. This phenomenon has never been empirically demonstrated even though film editors believe they have at their disposal techniques that induce edit blindness, the Continuity Editing Rules. In the present study we tested the relationship between Continuity Editing Rules and edit blindness by instructing participants to detect edits while watching excerpts from feature films. Eye movements were recorded during the task. The results indicate that edits constructed according to the Continuity Editing Rules result in greater edit blindness than edits not adhering to the rules. A quarter of edits joining two viewpoints of the same scene were undetected and this increased to a third when the edit coincided with a sudden onset of motion. Some cuts may be missed due to suppression of the cut transients by coinciding with eyeblinks or saccadic eye movements but the majority seem to be due to inattentional blindness as viewers attend to the depicted narrative. In conclusion, this study presents the first empirical evidence of edit blindness and its relationship to natural attentional behaviour during dynamic scene viewing.

scholarly journals Classifying mental states from eye movements during scene viewing.

2015 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 1502-1514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omid Kardan ◽  
Marc G. Berman ◽  
Grigori Yourganov ◽  
Joseph Schmidt ◽  
John M. Henderson
Keyword(s):  
Eye Movements ◽  
Mental States ◽  
Scene Viewing

Using eye tracking to investigate what bilinguals notice about linguistic landscape images

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 226-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naomi Vingron ◽  
Jason W. Gullifer ◽  
Julia Hamill ◽  
Jakob Leimgruber ◽  
Debra Titone
Keyword(s):  
Eye Movements ◽  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Eye Movement ◽  
Real World ◽  
Preliminary Data ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Visual Input ◽  
Linguistic Landscape ◽  
Scene Viewing ◽  
Preliminary Study

Abstract In daily life, we experience dynamic visual input referred to as the “linguistic landscape” (LL), comprised of images and text, for example, signs, and billboards (Gorter, 2013; Landry & Bourhis, 1997; Shohamy, Ben-Rafael and Barni 2010). While much is known about LLs descriptively, less is known about what people notice when viewing LLs. Building upon the bilingual eye movement reading literature (e.g., Whitford, Pivneva, & Titone, 2016) and the scene viewing literature (e.g., Henderson & Ferreira, 2004), we report a preliminary study of French-English bilinguals’ eye movements as they viewed LL images from Montréal. These preliminary data suggest that eye tracking is a promising new method for investigating how people with different language backgrounds process real-world LL images.

scholarly journals Visual and verbal working memory loads interfere with scene viewing

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah Cronin ◽  
Candace Elise Peacock ◽  
John M. Henderson
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Eye Movements ◽  
Visual Working Memory ◽  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Visual Memory ◽  
Memory Load ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Verbal Working Memory ◽  
Working Memory Load ◽  
Scene Viewing

Working memory is thought to be divided into distinct visual and verbal subsystems. Studies of visual working memory frequently use verbal working memory tasks as control conditions and/or use articulatory suppression to ensure visual load remains in visual memory. Using these verbal tasks relies on the assumption that the verbal working memory load will not interfere with the same processes as visual working memory. In the present study, participants maintained a visual or verbal working memory load while simultaneously viewing scenes. Because eye movements and visual working memory are closely linked, we anticipated the visual load would interfere with scene viewing (and vice versa), while the verbal load would not. Surprisingly, both visual and verbal memory loads interfered with scene viewing behavior, while scene viewing did not significantly interfere with performance on either memory task. These results suggest that a verbal working memory load can interfere with a visual task and contribute to the growing literature suggesting the visual and verbal subsystems of working memory are less distinct than previously thought. Our data also stands at odds with previous work suggesting that visual working memory is obligatorily recruited by saccadic eye movements.

scholarly journals Looking (for) patterns: Similarities and differences between infant and adult free scene-viewing patterns

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daan Van Renswoude ◽  
Maartje EJ Raijmakers ◽  
Ingmar Visser
Keyword(s):  
Eye Movements ◽  
General Pattern ◽  
Viewing Time ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Leftward Bias ◽  
Fixation Durations ◽  
Large Influence ◽  
Scene Viewing ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Insight Into

Systematic tendencies such as the center and horizontal bias are known to have a large influence on how and where we move our eyes during static onscreen free scene viewing. However, it is unknown whether these tendencies are learned viewing strategies or are more default tendencies in the way we move our eyes. To gain insight into the origin of these tendencies we explore the systematic tendencies of infants (3 - 20-month-olds, N = 157) and adults (N = 88) in three different scene viewing data sets. We replicated common findings, such as longer fixation durations and shorter saccade amplitudes in infants compared to adults. The leftward bias was never studied in infants, and our results indicate that it is not present, while we did replicate the leftward bias in adults. The general pattern of the results highlights the similarity between infant and adult eye movements. Similar to adults, infants’ fixation durations increase with viewing time and the dependencies between successive fixations and saccades show very similar patterns. A straightforward conclusion to draw from this set of studies is that infant and adult eye movements are mainly driven by similar underlying basic processes.

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