scholarly journals Classifying mental states from eye movements during scene viewing.

2015 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 1502-1514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omid Kardan ◽  
Marc G. Berman ◽  
Grigori Yourganov ◽  
Joseph Schmidt ◽  
John M. Henderson
Keyword(s):  
Eye Movements ◽  
Mental States ◽  
Scene Viewing

scholarly journals Perspective influences eye movements during real-life conversation: Mentalising about self vs. others in autism

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahsa Barzy ◽  
Heather Jane Ferguson ◽  
David Williams
Keyword(s):  
Eye Movements ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Social Background ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Mental States ◽  
Social Attention ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
Cognitive Mechanisms ◽  
Verbal Responses ◽  
Socially Relevant

Socio-communication is profoundly impaired among autistic individuals. Difficulties representing others’ mental states have been linked to modulations of gaze and speech, which have also been shown to be impaired in autism. Despite these observed impairments in ‘real-world’ communicative settings, research has mostly focused on lab-based experiments, where the language is highly structured. In a pre-registered experiment, we recorded eye movements and verbal responses while adults (N=50) engaged in a real-life conversation. Conversation topic either related to the self, a familiar other, or an unfamiliar other (e.g. "Tell me who is your/your mother’s/Marina’s favourite celebrity and why?”). Results replicated previous work, showing reduced attention to socially-relevant information among autistic participants (i.e. less time looking at the experimenter’s face, and more time looking around the background), compared to typically-developing controls. Importantly, perspective modulated social attention in both groups; talking about an unfamiliar other reduced attention to potentially distracting or resource demanding social information, and increased looks to non-social background. Social attention did not differ between self and familiar other contexts- reflecting greater shared knowledge for familiar/similar others. Autistic participants spent more time looking at the background when talking about an unfamiliar other vs. themselvesFuture research should investigate the cognitive mechanisms underlying this effect.

scholarly journals Predicting Mental States from Eye Movements During Reading

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 127b
Author(s):  
Seoyoung Ahn ◽  
Gregory J. Zelinsky
Keyword(s):  
Eye Movements ◽  
Mental States ◽  
Eye Movements During Reading

Sensory Deprivation: Arousal and Rapid Eye Movement Correlates of Some Effects

1964 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 447-451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ascanio M. Rossi ◽  
Allan Furhman ◽  
Philip Solomon
Keyword(s):  
Eye Movements ◽  
Eye Movement ◽  
Sensory Deprivation ◽  
Mental States ◽  
Rapid Eye Movement ◽  
Rapid Eye Movements ◽  
Retrospective Reports

Three Ss in sensory deprivation were continuously monitored by electroencephalographic (EEG) and electrooculographic (EOG) recordings. Retrospective reports of their mental states were given upon receipt of a signal. Ratings of report contents were compared with EEG determined levels of arousal and with the occurrence of rapid eye movements (REMs). Results indicate that the incidences of hallucinations and thought disorganization vary inversely with level of arousal, and hallucinations are not accompanied by REMs as occurs during dreaming.

scholarly journals Examining the influence of ttask and scene alternations and repetitions on eye movements during scene viewing

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (10) ◽  
pp. 533
Author(s):  
Jordan Marshall ◽  
Edwin Dalmaijer ◽  
Stefan Van der Stigchel ◽  
Mark Mills ◽  
Michael Dodd
Keyword(s):  
Eye Movements ◽  
Scene Viewing

scholarly journals Edit Blindness: The relationship between attention and global change blindness in dynamic scenes.

2008 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim J. Smith ◽  
John M. Henderson
Keyword(s):  
Eye Movements ◽  
Change Blindness ◽  
Saccadic Eye Movements ◽  
Sudden Onset ◽  
Dynamic Scene ◽  
Dynamic Scenes ◽  
Film Editing ◽  
Feature Films ◽  
Scene Viewing ◽  
The Relationship

Although we experience the visual world as a continuous, richly detailed space we often fail to notice large and significant changes. Such change blindness has been demonstrated for local object changes and changes to the visual form of whole images, however it is assumed that total changes from one image to another would be easily detected. Film editing presents such total changes several times a minute yet we rarely seem to be aware of them, a phenomenon we refer to here as edit blindness. This phenomenon has never been empirically demonstrated even though film editors believe they have at their disposal techniques that induce edit blindness, the Continuity Editing Rules. In the present study we tested the relationship between Continuity Editing Rules and edit blindness by instructing participants to detect edits while watching excerpts from feature films. Eye movements were recorded during the task. The results indicate that edits constructed according to the Continuity Editing Rules result in greater edit blindness than edits not adhering to the rules. A quarter of edits joining two viewpoints of the same scene were undetected and this increased to a third when the edit coincided with a sudden onset of motion. Some cuts may be missed due to suppression of the cut transients by coinciding with eyeblinks or saccadic eye movements but the majority seem to be due to inattentional blindness as viewers attend to the depicted narrative. In conclusion, this study presents the first empirical evidence of edit blindness and its relationship to natural attentional behaviour during dynamic scene viewing.

Using eye tracking to investigate what bilinguals notice about linguistic landscape images

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 226-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naomi Vingron ◽  
Jason W. Gullifer ◽  
Julia Hamill ◽  
Jakob Leimgruber ◽  
Debra Titone
Keyword(s):  
Eye Movements ◽  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Eye Movement ◽  
Real World ◽  
Preliminary Data ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Visual Input ◽  
Linguistic Landscape ◽  
Scene Viewing ◽  
Preliminary Study

Abstract In daily life, we experience dynamic visual input referred to as the “linguistic landscape” (LL), comprised of images and text, for example, signs, and billboards (Gorter, 2013; Landry & Bourhis, 1997; Shohamy, Ben-Rafael and Barni 2010). While much is known about LLs descriptively, less is known about what people notice when viewing LLs. Building upon the bilingual eye movement reading literature (e.g., Whitford, Pivneva, & Titone, 2016) and the scene viewing literature (e.g., Henderson & Ferreira, 2004), we report a preliminary study of French-English bilinguals’ eye movements as they viewed LL images from Montréal. These preliminary data suggest that eye tracking is a promising new method for investigating how people with different language backgrounds process real-world LL images.

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