scholarly journals Non-targeted Metabolomics in Diverse Sorghum Breeding Lines Indicates Primary and Secondary Metabolite Profiles Are Associated with Plant Biomass Accumulation and Photosynthesis

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie F. Turner ◽  
Adam L. Heuberger ◽  
Jay S. Kirkwood ◽  
Carl C. Collins ◽  
Edward J. Wolfrum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolite ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
Targeted Metabolomics ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Metabolite Profiles ◽  
Sorghum Breeding

scholarly journals Chitin Degradation Machinery and Secondary Metabolite Profiles in the Marine Bacterium Pseudoalteromonas rubra S4059

Marine Drugs ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 108
Author(s):  
Xiyan Wang ◽  
Thomas Isbrandt ◽  
Mikael Lenz Strube ◽  
Sara Skøtt Paulsen ◽  
Maike Wennekers Nielsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolite ◽  
Genetic Manipulation ◽  
Genome Mining ◽  
Hydrolytic Enzymes ◽  
Metabolite Profile ◽  
Chitinolytic Enzyme ◽  
Chitin Degradation ◽  
Metabolite Profiles ◽  
Bioactive Potential ◽  
Pseudoalteromonas Rubra

Genome mining of pigmented Pseudoalteromonas has revealed a large potential for the production of bioactive compounds and hydrolytic enzymes. The purpose of the present study was to explore this bioactivity potential in a potent antibiotic and enzyme producer, Pseudoalteromonas rubra strain S4059. Proteomic analyses (data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD023249) indicated that a highly efficient chitin degradation machinery was present in the red-pigmented P. rubra S4059 when grown on chitin. Four GH18 chitinases and two GH20 hexosaminidases were significantly upregulated under these conditions. GH19 chitinases, which are not common in bacteria, are consistently found in pigmented Pseudoalteromonas, and in S4059, GH19 was only detected when the bacterium was grown on chitin. To explore the possible role of GH19 in pigmented Pseudoalteromonas, we developed a protocol for genetic manipulation of S4059 and deleted the GH19 chitinase, and compared phenotypes of the mutant and wild type. However, none of the chitin degrading ability, secondary metabolite profile, or biofilm-forming capacity was affected by GH19 deletion. In conclusion, we developed a genetic manipulation protocol that can be used to unravel the bioactive potential of pigmented pseudoalteromonads. An efficient chitinolytic enzyme cocktail was identified in S4059, suggesting that this strain could be a candidate with industrial potential.

scholarly journals Application of municipal biowaste derived products in Hibiscus cultivation: Effect on leaf gaseous exchange activity, and plant biomass accumulation and quality

2016 ◽  
Vol 205 ◽  
pp. 59-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniele Massa ◽  
Domenico Prisa ◽  
Enzo Montoneri ◽  
Daniele Battaglini ◽  
Marco Ginepro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
Gaseous Exchange ◽  
Exchange Activity

scholarly journals Agronomic performance of sweet potato crop in succession to leguminous plants in monocropping and intercropped with corn

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 186-191
Author(s):  
Jhonatan M Goulart ◽  
Adriano A Rocha ◽  
José Antonio A Espindola ◽  
Ednaldo da S Araújo ◽  
José Guilherme M Guerra
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Potato Crop ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
Agronomic Performance ◽  
Sweet Potatoes ◽  
Leguminous Plants ◽  
Jack Bean ◽  
Spontaneous Vegetation ◽  
Second Year

ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate sweet potato performance in succession to annual herbaceous leguminous plants, in monocropping or intercropped with corn, under agroecological management, under Baixada Fluminense conditions. The experimental design was randomized blocks, with five treatments and four replicates. The treatments consisted of pre-cropping with the following species: crotalária (Crotalaria juncea) under monocropping system, crotalária intercropped with corn (Zea mays), jack bean (Canavalia ensiformis) under monocropping system, jack bean intercropped with corn and spontaneous vegetation. The results showed that monocropped crotalária reached the greatest dry biomass accumulation during two consecutive years of succession. In the second year, this treatment provided greater accumulated amounts of N, K and Mg in plant biomass. Growing sweet potatoes in succession to the pre-cropping of crotalária is advantageous, as it provided an increase in vegetable productivity in the second year of succession.

scholarly journals Interrelationships and genetic analysis of seed yield and morphological traits in mini core collection of Iranian landrace, breeding lines and improved chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) cultivars

Genetika ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 383-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khosro Mohammadi ◽  
Reza Talebi
Keyword(s):  
Cicer Arietinum ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Cicer Arietinum L ◽  
100 Seed Weight ◽  
Number Of Seeds

To determine the association between genetic parameters and morphological traits in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) genotypes, a field experiment was conducted with 49 different landrace, breeding lines and cultivated chickpea genotypes using a 7?7 lattice square design with 2 replications in the 2012-2013 growing season. Genetic parameters including genetic, environmental and phenotypic variances; coefficients of variation; heritability; correlation coefficients; factor analysis and path coefficients were estimated, and cluster analysis was performed. High heritability values observed in measured traits indicating that these traits are controlled mainly by additive genes and that selection of such traits may be effective for improving seed yield. Number of seeds per plant, 100-seed weight and plant biomass had a positive direct effect on seed yield. These traits also had positive and highly significant phenotypic correlations with seed yield. Using principal component (PC) analysis, the first three PCs with eigenvalues more than 1 contributed 70.94% of the variability among accessions. The germplasm were grouped into 3 clusters. Each cluster had some specific characteristics of its own and the cluster I was clearly separated from cluster II and III. Overall the results, it can be concluded that seed yield in chickpea can be improved by selecting an ideotype having greater number of seeds per plant, 100-seed weight and plant biomass.

Leaf photosynthetic properties and biomass accumulation of selected western Canadian spring wheat cultivars

2011 ◽  
Vol 91 (2) ◽  
pp. 305-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cody Chytyk ◽  
Pierre Hucl ◽  
Gordon Gray
Keyword(s):  
Ethanol Production ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
Biomass Composition ◽  
Quantum Yields ◽  
Cellulose Content ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Photosynthetic Properties

Chytyk, C. J., Hucl, P. J. and Gray, G. R. 2011. Leaf photosynthetic properties and biomass accumulation of selected western Canadian spring wheat cultivars. Can. J. Plant Sci. 91: 305–314. Current studies indicate wheat straw as a viable source for the production of cellulosic ethanol. Since photosynthetic performance impacts the overall success of the mature plant, this study aimed to measure the photosynthetic vigour of 11 spring wheat cultivars during field development as well as their biomass composition at maturity to determine which would be optimum for ethanol production. All cultivars had similar maximal quantum yields of photosystem II photochemistry (FV/FM), normalized difference vegetation index and biomass composition in the field. However, differences were observed in photosynthetic rate, with McKenzie having the highest light-saturated maximal rate of CO2 uptake (A max) and apparent quantum yield of CO2 uptake (Φapp CO2), while also having the best water use efficiency. Snowbird was found to have the lowest CO2-compensation point (Γ*) and A max. Upon subjecting wheat samples to photoinhibitory conditions, McKenzie and Kyle were found to be the most resistant and susceptible, respectively, with a difference of 11% in FV/FM. Abundance of xanthophyll pigments were not found to be a contributing cause to differential photoinhibitory resistance as there was not a noticeable difference between cultivars. Although some cultivars were found to have enhanced photosynthetic traits over others, these were slight and did not contribute to changes in plant biomass. However, McKenzie did present a higher cellulose content, which would be favourable for ethanol production.

scholarly journals Extensive Metabolic Profiles of Leaves and Stems from the Medicinal Plant Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo

Metabolites ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cao ◽  
Ji ◽  
Li ◽  
Lu ◽  
Tian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genomic Research ◽  
Dendrobium Officinale ◽  
Metabolic Profiles ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Targeted Metabolomics ◽  
Medicinal Species ◽  
Metabolomic Data ◽  
Metabolite Profiles ◽  
Widely Targeted Metabolomics ◽  
Metabolic Data

Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo is a commercially and pharmacologically highly prized species widely used in Western Asian countries. In contrast to the extensive genomic and transcriptomic resources generated in this medicinal species, detailed metabolomic data are still missing. Herein, using the widely targeted metabolomics approach, we detect 649 diverse metabolites in leaf and stem samples of D. officinale. The majority of these metabolites were organic acids, amino acids and their derivatives, nucleotides and their derivatives, and flavones. Though both organs contain similar metabolites, the metabolite profiles were quantitatively different. Stems, the organs preferentially exploited for herbal medicine, contained larger concentrations of many more metabolites than leaves. However, leaves contained higher levels of polyphenols and lipids. Overall, this study reports extensive metabolic data from leaves and stems of D. officinale, providing useful information that supports ongoing genomic research and discovery of bioactive compounds.

scholarly journals Mouse Age Matters: How Age Affects the Murine Plasma Metabolome

Metabolites ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 472
Author(s):  
Patrick Pann ◽  
Martin Hrabě de Angelis ◽  
Cornelia Prehn ◽  
Jerzy Adamski
Keyword(s):  
Age Differences ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
High Variability ◽  
Developmental Changes ◽  
Mouse Strains ◽  
Targeted Metabolomics ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Plasma Metabolome ◽  
Metabolite Profiles ◽  
Age Range

A large part of metabolomics research relies on experiments involving mouse models, which are usually 6 to 20 weeks of age. However, in this age range mice undergo dramatic developmental changes. Even small age differences may lead to different metabolomes, which in turn could increase inter-sample variability and impair the reproducibility and comparability of metabolomics results. In order to learn more about the variability of the murine plasma metabolome, we analyzed male and female C57BL/6J, C57BL/6NTac, 129S1/SvImJ, and C3HeB/FeJ mice at 6, 10, 14, and 20 weeks of age, using targeted metabolomics (BIOCRATES AbsoluteIDQ™ p150 Kit). Our analysis revealed high variability of the murine plasma metabolome during adolescence and early adulthood. A general age range with minimal variability, and thus a stable metabolome, could not be identified. Age-related metabolomic changes as well as the metabolite profiles at specific ages differed markedly between mouse strains. This observation illustrates the fact that the developmental timing in mice is strain specific. We therefore stress the importance of deliberate strain choice, as well as consistency and precise documentation of animal age, in metabolomics studies.

scholarly journals Different Secondary Metabolite Profiles of Phylogenetically almost Identical Streptomyces griseus Strains Originating from Geographically Remote Locations

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ignacio Sottorff ◽  
Jutta Wiese ◽  
Matthias Lipfert ◽  
Nils Preußke ◽  
Frank D. Sönnichsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Secondary Metabolite ◽  
Streptomyces Griseus ◽  
Garden Soil ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Gene Sequences ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequences ◽  
Metabolite Profiles

As Streptomyces have shown an outstanding capacity for drug production, different campaigns in geographically distant locations currently aim to isolate new antibiotic producers. However, many of these newly isolated Streptomyces strains are classified as identical to already described species. Nevertheless, as discrepancies in terms of secondary metabolites and morphology are possible, we compared two Streptomyces strains with identical 16S rRNA gene sequences but geographically distant origins. Chosen were an Easter Island Streptomyces isolate (Streptomyces sp. SN25_8.1) and the next related type strain, which is Streptomyces griseus subsp. griseus DSM 40236T isolated from Russian garden soil. Compared traits included phylogenetic relatedness based on 16S rRNA gene sequences, macro and microscopic morphology, antibiotic activity and secondary metabolite profiles. Both Streptomyces strains shared several common features, such as morphology and core secondary metabolite production. They revealed differences in pigmentation and in the production of accessory secondary metabolites which appear to be strain-specific. In conclusion, despite identical 16S rRNA classification Streptomyces strains can present different secondary metabolite profiles and may well be valuable for consideration in processes for drug discovery.

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