scholarly journals Application of municipal biowaste derived products in Hibiscus cultivation: Effect on leaf gaseous exchange activity, and plant biomass accumulation and quality

2016 ◽  
Vol 205 ◽  
pp. 59-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniele Massa ◽  
Domenico Prisa ◽  
Enzo Montoneri ◽  
Daniele Battaglini ◽  
Marco Ginepro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
Gaseous Exchange ◽  
Exchange Activity

scholarly journals Agronomic performance of sweet potato crop in succession to leguminous plants in monocropping and intercropped with corn

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 186-191
Author(s):  
Jhonatan M Goulart ◽  
Adriano A Rocha ◽  
José Antonio A Espindola ◽  
Ednaldo da S Araújo ◽  
José Guilherme M Guerra
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Potato Crop ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
Agronomic Performance ◽  
Sweet Potatoes ◽  
Leguminous Plants ◽  
Jack Bean ◽  
Spontaneous Vegetation ◽  
Second Year

ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate sweet potato performance in succession to annual herbaceous leguminous plants, in monocropping or intercropped with corn, under agroecological management, under Baixada Fluminense conditions. The experimental design was randomized blocks, with five treatments and four replicates. The treatments consisted of pre-cropping with the following species: crotalária (Crotalaria juncea) under monocropping system, crotalária intercropped with corn (Zea mays), jack bean (Canavalia ensiformis) under monocropping system, jack bean intercropped with corn and spontaneous vegetation. The results showed that monocropped crotalária reached the greatest dry biomass accumulation during two consecutive years of succession. In the second year, this treatment provided greater accumulated amounts of N, K and Mg in plant biomass. Growing sweet potatoes in succession to the pre-cropping of crotalária is advantageous, as it provided an increase in vegetable productivity in the second year of succession.

Leaf photosynthetic properties and biomass accumulation of selected western Canadian spring wheat cultivars

2011 ◽  
Vol 91 (2) ◽  
pp. 305-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cody Chytyk ◽  
Pierre Hucl ◽  
Gordon Gray
Keyword(s):  
Ethanol Production ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
Biomass Composition ◽  
Quantum Yields ◽  
Cellulose Content ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Photosynthetic Properties

Chytyk, C. J., Hucl, P. J. and Gray, G. R. 2011. Leaf photosynthetic properties and biomass accumulation of selected western Canadian spring wheat cultivars. Can. J. Plant Sci. 91: 305–314. Current studies indicate wheat straw as a viable source for the production of cellulosic ethanol. Since photosynthetic performance impacts the overall success of the mature plant, this study aimed to measure the photosynthetic vigour of 11 spring wheat cultivars during field development as well as their biomass composition at maturity to determine which would be optimum for ethanol production. All cultivars had similar maximal quantum yields of photosystem II photochemistry (FV/FM), normalized difference vegetation index and biomass composition in the field. However, differences were observed in photosynthetic rate, with McKenzie having the highest light-saturated maximal rate of CO2 uptake (A max) and apparent quantum yield of CO2 uptake (Φapp CO2), while also having the best water use efficiency. Snowbird was found to have the lowest CO2-compensation point (Γ*) and A max. Upon subjecting wheat samples to photoinhibitory conditions, McKenzie and Kyle were found to be the most resistant and susceptible, respectively, with a difference of 11% in FV/FM. Abundance of xanthophyll pigments were not found to be a contributing cause to differential photoinhibitory resistance as there was not a noticeable difference between cultivars. Although some cultivars were found to have enhanced photosynthetic traits over others, these were slight and did not contribute to changes in plant biomass. However, McKenzie did present a higher cellulose content, which would be favourable for ethanol production.

scholarly journals Predicting plant biomass accumulation from image-derived parameters

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dijun Chen ◽  
Rongli Shi ◽  
Jean-Michel Pape ◽  
Christian Klukas
Keyword(s):  
High Throughput ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Quantitative Relationship ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
Plant Phenotyping ◽  
Suitable Model ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Relative Contribution ◽  
Crop Plant Research ◽  
High Throughput Phenotyping

AbstractImage-based high-throughput phenotyping technologies have been rapidly developed in plant science recently and they provide a great potential to gain more valuable information than traditionally destructive methods. Predicting plant biomass is regarded as a key purpose for plant breeders and ecologist. However, it is a great challenge to find a suitable model to predict plant biomass in the context of high-throughput phenotyping. In the present study, we constructed several models to examine the quantitative relationship between image-based features and plant biomass accumulation. Our methodology has been applied to three consecutive barley experiments with control and stress treatments. The results proved that plant biomass can be accurately predicted from image-based parameters using a random forest model. The high prediction accuracy based on this model, in particular the cross-experiment performance, is promising to relieve the phenotyping bottleneck in biomass measurement in breeding applications. The relative contribution of individual features for predicting biomass was further quantified, revealing new insights into the phenotypic determinants of plant biomass outcome. What’s more, the methods could also be used to determine the most important image-based features related to plant biomass accumulation, which would be promising for subsequent genetic mapping to uncover the genetic basis of biomass.One-sentence SummaryWe demonstrated that plant biomass can be accurately predicted from image-based parameters in the context of high-throughput phenotyping.FootnotesThis work was supported by the Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), the Robert Bosch Stiftung (32.5.8003.0116.0) and the Federal Agency for Agriculture and Food (BEL, 15/12-13, 530-06.01-BiKo CHN) and the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF, 0315958A and 031A053B). This research was furthermore enabled with support of the European Plant Phenotyping Network (EPPN, grant agreement no. 284443) funded by the FP7 Research Infrastructures Programme of the European Union.

scholarly journals Phytochrome light receptors control metabolic flux, and their action during seedling development sets the trajectory for biomass production

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johanna Krahmer ◽  
Ammad Abbas ◽  
Virginie Mengin ◽  
Hirofumi Ishihara ◽  
Thiago A Moraes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Flux ◽  
Carbon Fixation ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Growth Dynamics ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
Adult Plant ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Cell Wall Polysaccharides ◽  
Stress Metabolites ◽  
Biomass Quantification

AbstractThe phytochromes (phys) photoreceptors are known to be major regulators of plastic growth responses to vegetation shade. Recent reports have begun to uncover an important role for phys in carbon resource management. Our earlier work showed that phy mutants had a distinct metabolic profile with elevated levels of metabolites including TCA intermediates, amino acids and sugars. Here we show that in seedlings phy regulates the balance between glucose and starch. Multi-allele phy mutants have excess glucose and low starch levels, which is conducive to hypocotyl elongation. 13C-CO2 labelling demonstrates that metabolic flux balance in adult plants is markedly altered in phy mutants. Phytochrome reduces synthesis rates of stress metabolites, including raffinose and proline and several typical stress-induced biosynthetic genes related to these metabolites show higher expression in phy mutants.Since growth and metabolism are typically inter-connected, we investigated why phy mutants have severely reduced biomass. Quantification of carbon fixation, biomass accumulation, and 13C labelling of cell wall polysaccharides established that relative growth rate is impaired in multi allele phy mutants for the first 2.5 weeks after germination but equivalent to the WT thereafter. Mathematical modelling predicts that the altered growth dynamics and final biomass deficit can be explained by the smaller cotyledon size of the multiple phy mutants. This indicates that the established role of phy in promoting seedling establishment has enduring effects that govern adult plant biomass.

scholarly journals Aboveground biomass in reforestation with native species established by means of Taungya agroforestry system

Hoehnea ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 202-210
Author(s):  
Antonio Vicente Moscogliato ◽  
José Marcelo Domingues Torezan
Keyword(s):  
Aboveground Biomass ◽  
Co2 Emission ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
Soil Characteristics ◽  
Agroforestry System ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Age Range

ABSTRACT The mitigation of CO2 emission through high-productivity systems associated with restoration of degraded sites have been increasingly common, highlighting the importance of estimates of the amount and distribution of plant biomass in different ecosystems and under different management systems. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of planting and soil characteristics and the type of management performed over the aboveground biomass accumulation in two reforestation projects with native species, implanted through Taungya agroforestry system. The differences in aboveground biomass accumulation were probably influenced by agroforestry management, since these variations showed to be independent of age (considered within the age range in this study), the spacing, the species composition, and soil fertility. The values of aboveground biomass are similar to those reported in the literature for other reforestation projects with native species of similar ages.

scholarly journals Inferring the effects of sink strength on plant carbon balance processes from experimental measurements

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (13) ◽  
pp. 4003-4018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kashif Mahmud ◽  
Belinda E. Medlyn ◽  
Remko A. Duursma ◽  
Courtney Campany ◽  
Martin G. De Kauwe
Keyword(s):  
Data Assimilation ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
Sink Strength ◽  
Manipulative Experiment ◽  
Plant Ecophysiology ◽  
New Information ◽  
Invaluable Tool ◽  
Component Processes ◽  
Sink Limitation

Abstract. The lack of correlation between photosynthesis and plant growth under sink-limited conditions is a long-standing puzzle in plant ecophysiology that currently severely compromises our models of vegetation responses to global change. To address this puzzle, we applied data assimilation to an experiment in which the sink strength of Eucalyptus tereticornis seedlings was manipulated by restricting root volume. Our goals were to infer which processes were affected by sink limitation and to attribute the overall reduction in growth observed in the experiment to the effects on various carbon (C) component processes. Our analysis was able to infer that, in addition to a reduction in photosynthetic rates, sink limitation reduced the rate of utilization of nonstructural carbohydrate (NSC), enhanced respiratory losses, modified C allocation and increased foliage turnover. Each of these effects was found to have a significant impact on final plant biomass accumulation. We also found that inclusion of an NSC storage pool was necessary to capture seedling growth over time, particularly for sink-limited seedlings. Our approach of applying data assimilation to infer C balance processes in a manipulative experiment enabled us to extract new information on the timing, magnitude and direction of the internal C fluxes from an existing dataset. We suggest that this approach could, if used more widely, be an invaluable tool to develop appropriate representations of sink-limited growth in terrestrial biosphere models.

INFLUENCE OF TIME OF EMERGENCE AND PLANT DENSITY ON GROWTH OF HEMP-NETTLE (Galeopsis tetrahit)

1989 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 171-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANNE LÉGÈRE ◽  
JEAN-MARC DESCHÊNES
Keyword(s):  
Plant Density ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
Quebec City ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
City Region ◽  
Higher Plant ◽  
Peak Period ◽  
Plant Densities ◽  
Broadleaf Species

The effects of time of emergence and plant density on hemp-nettle growth (Galeopsis tetrahit) were measured in natural field populations from the Québec City region and in a greenhouse experiment. In the field, more than 80% of the plants emerged during a peak period of about 2 wk in early May. Few hemp-nettle plants emerged after this peak period. Late-emerging plants produced relatively little biomass compared to plants that had emerged during the early emergence flush. Total biomass accumulation increased with density on three out of four sites. Stands from the lowest density (80 plants m−2) generally produced less biomass than stands of higher plant densities. Average plant biomass production decreased with increasing density. Plants from low density stands displayed a bushy profile compared to the etiolated, single-stemmed plants from high density stands. Mature hemp-nettle stands did not develop strong hierarchical population structures such as found for other annual broadleaf species. Hemp-nettle plants within a stand were distributed rather evenly over a number of height classes. A large proportion of the total biomass was produced by a relatively considerable number of plants 45–59 cm in height rather than by a few dominating individuals.Key words: Hemp-nettle, Galeopsis tetrahit, weed populations, emergence pattern, population density, population structure

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document