scholarly journals Commentary: Gain in Body Fat Is Associated with Increased Striatal Response to Palatable Food Cues, whereas Body Fat Stability Is Associated with Decreased Striatal Response

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Cerolini ◽  
Mariella Pazzaglia ◽  
Caterina Lombardo
Keyword(s):  
Body Fat ◽  
Palatable Food ◽  
Food Cues

scholarly journals Food at first sight: Visual attention to palatable food cues on TV and subsequent unhealthy food intake in unsuccessful restrained eaters

Appetite ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 147 ◽  
pp. 104574 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monique C. Alblas ◽  
Saar Mollen ◽  
Marieke L. Fransen ◽  
Bas van den Putte
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Visual Attention ◽  
Unhealthy Food ◽  
Palatable Food ◽  
Restrained Eaters ◽  
Food Cues

Mere exposure to palatable food cues reduces restrained eaters’ physical effort to obtain healthy food

Appetite ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 593-596 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guido M. van Koningsbruggen ◽  
Wolfgang Stroebe ◽  
Henk Aarts
Keyword(s):  
Mere Exposure ◽  
Healthy Food ◽  
Palatable Food ◽  
Restrained Eaters ◽  
Food Cues ◽  
Physical Effort

scholarly journals Neurobiological features of binge eating disorder

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 557-565 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iris M. Balodis ◽  
Carlos M. Grilo ◽  
Marc N. Potenza
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Binge Eating ◽  
Inhibitory Control ◽  
Binge Eating Disorder ◽  
Orbitofrontal Cortex ◽  
Reward Sensitivity ◽  
Neural Function ◽  
Structural Studies ◽  
Palatable Food ◽  
Food Cues

Biobehavioral features associated with binge-eating disorder (BED) have been investigated; however, few systematic reviews to date have described neuroimaging findings from studies of BED. Emerging functional and structural studies support BED as having unique and overlapping neural features as compared with other disorders. Neuroimaging studies provide evidence linking heightened responses to palatable food cues with prefrontal areas, particularly the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), with specific relationships to hunger and reward-sensitivity measures. While few studies to date have investigated non-food-cue responses; these suggest a generalized hypofunctioning in frontostriatal areas during reward and inhibitory control processes. Early studies applying neuroimaging to treatment efforts suggest that targeting neural function underlying motivational processes may prove important in the treatment of BED.

scholarly journals In search of the most reproducible neural vulnerability factors that predict future weight gain: analyses of data from six prospective studies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonja Yokum ◽  
Ashley N Gearhardt ◽  
Eric Stice
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Orbitofrontal Cortex ◽  
Fat Studies ◽  
Palatable Food ◽  
Vulnerability Factors ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
Limited Support ◽  
Food Images ◽  
High Calorie

Abstract We tested if we could replicate the main effect relations of elevated striatum and lateral orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) response to high-calorie food stimuli to weight gain reported in past papers in six prospective datasets that used similar functional MRI (fMRI) paradigms. Participants in Study 1 (N = 37; M (mean) age = 15.5), Study 2 (N = 160; M age = 15.3), Study 3 (N = 130; M age = 15.0), Study 4 (N = 175; M age = 14.3), Study 5 (N = 45; M age = 20.8) and Study 6 (N = 49; M age = 31.1) completed fMRI scans at the baseline and had their body mass index (BMI) and body fat (Studies 4 and 6 only) measured at the baseline and over follow-ups. Elevated striatal response to palatable food images predicted BMI gain in Studies 1 and 6 and body fat gain in Study 6. Lateral OFC activation did not predict weight gain in any of the six studies. The result provide limited support for the hypothesis that elevated reward region responsivity to palatable food images predicts weight gain. Factors that make replication difficult are discussed and potential solutions considered.

scholarly journals The Orexigenic Force of Olfactory Palatable Food Cues in Rats

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 3101
Author(s):  
Fiona Peris-Sampedro ◽  
Iris Stoltenborg ◽  
Marie V. Le May ◽  
Pol Sole-Navais ◽  
Roger A. H. Adan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Taking ◽  
Neural Substrates ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Palatable Food ◽  
Food Cues ◽  
Ghrelin Receptor ◽  
Hypothalamic Arcuate Nucleus ◽  
Olfactory Detection ◽  
Food Seeking ◽  
External Stimuli

Environmental cues recalling palatable foods motivate eating beyond metabolic need, yet the timing of this response and whether it can develop towards a less palatable but readily available food remain elusive. Increasing evidence indicates that external stimuli in the olfactory modality communicate with the major hub in the feeding neurocircuitry, namely the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus (Arc), but the neural substrates involved have been only partially uncovered. By means of a home-cage hidden palatable food paradigm, aiming to mimic ubiquitous exposure to olfactory food cues in Western societies, we investigated whether the latter could drive the overeating of plain chow in non-food-deprived male rats and explored the neural mechanisms involved, including the possible engagement of the orexigenic ghrelin system. The olfactory detection of a familiar, palatable food impacted upon meal patterns, by increasing meal frequency, to cause the persistent overconsumption of chow. In line with the orexigenic response observed, sensing the palatable food in the environment stimulated food-seeking and risk-taking behavior, which are intrinsic components of food acquisition, and caused active ghrelin release. Our results suggest that olfactory food cues recruited intermingled populations of cells embedded within the feeding circuitry within the Arc, including, notably, those containing the ghrelin receptor. These data demonstrate the leverage of ubiquitous food cues, not only for palatable food searching, but also to powerfully drive food consumption in ways that resonate with heightened hunger, for which the orexigenic ghrelin system is implicated.

scholarly journals Cerebral μ-opioid and CB1-receptor systems have distinct roles in human feeding behavior

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatu Kantonen ◽  
Tomi Karjalainen ◽  
Laura Pekkarinen ◽  
Janne Isojärvi ◽  
Kari Kalliokoski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eating Behavior ◽  
Neural Pathways ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Palatable Food ◽  
Food Cues ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
External Eating ◽  
Eating Styles ◽  
Pet Scans ◽  
The Brain

AbstractEating behavior varies greatly between healthy individuals, but the neurobiological basis of these trait-like differences in feeding remains unknown. Central μ-opioid receptors (MOR) and cannabinoid CB1-receptors (CB1R) regulate energy balance via multiple neural pathways, promoting food intake and reward. Because obesity and eating disorders have been associated with alterations in brain’s opioid and endocannabinoid signaling, the variation in MOR and CB1R systems could potentially underlie distinct eating behavior phenotypes, also in non-obese population. In this retrospective positron emission tomography (PET) study, we analyzed [11C]carfentanil PET scans of MORs from 92 healthy subjects (70 males and 22 females), and [18F]FMPEP-d2 scans of CB1Rs from 35 subjects (all males, all also included in the [11C]carfentanil sample). Eating styles were measured with the Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire (DEBQ). We found that lower cerebral MOR availability was associated with increase in external eating – individuals with low MORs reported being more likely to eat in response to environment’s palatable food cues. CB1R availability was negatively associated with multiple eating behavior traits. We conclude that although MORs and CB1Rs overlap anatomically and functionally in the brain, they have distinct roles in mediating individual feeding patterns.

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