scholarly journals Attentional Control of Gait and Falls: Is Cholinergic Dysfunction a Common Substrate in the Elderly and Parkinson’s Disease?

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisa Pelosin ◽  
Carla Ogliastro ◽  
Giovanna Lagravinese ◽  
Gaia Bonassi ◽  
Anat Mirelman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Attentional Control ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cholinergic Dysfunction ◽  
Common Substrate

scholarly journals Top–Down Attentional Control in Parkinson's Disease: Salient Considerations

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 848-859 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roshan Cools ◽  
Robert Rogers ◽  
Roger A. Barker ◽  
Trevor W. Robbins
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Attentional Control ◽  
Direct Evidence ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Set Shifting ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
Salient Dimension ◽  
Dimensional Salience

Cognitive dysfunction in Parkinson's disease (PD) has been hypothesized to reflect a failure of cortical control. In keeping with this hypothesis, some of the cognitive deficits in PD resemble those seen in patients with lesions in the lateral pFC, which has been associated with top–down attentional control. However, there is no direct evidence for a failure of top–down control mechanisms in PD. Here we fill this gap by demonstrating disproportionate control by bottom–up attention to dimensional salience during attentional set shifting. Patients needed significantly more trials to criterion than did controls when shifting to a low-salient dimension while, remarkably, needing significantly fewer trials to criterion than did controls when shifting to a high-salient dimension. Thus, attention was captured by bottom–up attention to salient information to a greater extent in patients than in controls. The results provide a striking reinterpretation of prior set-shifting data and provide the first direct evidence for a failure of top–down attentional control, resembling that seen after catecholamine depletion in the pFC.

scholarly journals Attentional control in Parkinson's disease is dependent on COMT val158met genotype

Brain ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 131 (2) ◽  
pp. 397-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. H. Williams-Gray ◽  
A. Hampshire ◽  
R. A. Barker ◽  
A. M. Owen
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Attentional Control ◽  
Comt Val158met

Time Trends and Geographical Variation in Parkinson's Disease in Scotland

1992 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 112-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
W.C.S. Smith ◽  
W.J. Mutch
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Time Trends ◽  
Geographical Variation ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Space Distribution ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Time And Space ◽  
Factors Affecting

Parkinson's disease is a common and disabling condition which principally affects the elderly. The time and space distribution of Parkinson's disease has been examined to determine if it provides clues as to aetiology and factors affecting its distribution. Previous studies have used mortality data,1 data from epidemiological studies,2 and pre scribing information particularly with regard to the use of levodopa.3 These studies have looked within countries and between countries.

PARKINSON'S DISEASE AND PARKINSONISM IN THE ELDERLY.

Brain ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 123 (12) ◽  
pp. 2569-2571
Author(s):  
D. M. W. I. M. Horstink
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
The Elderly

scholarly journals Kin-FOG: Automatic Simulated Freezing of Gait (FOG) Assessment System for Parkinson’s Disease

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 2416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Soltaninejad ◽  
Irene Cheng ◽  
Anup Basu
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Freezing Of Gait ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
Microsoft Kinect ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Fog Prediction ◽  
Foot Joint ◽  
Rehabilitation Clinic

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is one of the leading neurological disorders in the world with an increasing incidence rate for the elderly. Freezing of Gait (FOG) is one of the most incapacitating symptoms for PD especially in the later stages of the disease. FOG is a short absence or reduction of ability to walk for PD patients which can cause fall, reduction in patients’ quality of life, and even death. Existing FOG assessments by doctors are based on a patient’s diaries and experts’ manual video analysis which give subjective, inaccurate, and unreliable results. In the present research, an automatic FOG assessment system is designed for PD patients to provide objective information to neurologists about the FOG condition and the symptom’s characteristics. The proposed FOG assessment system uses an RGB-D sensor based on Microsoft Kinect V2 for capturing data for 5 healthy subjects who are trained to imitate the FOG phenomenon. The proposed FOG assessment system is called “Kin-FOG”. The analysis of foot joint trajectory of the motion captured by Kinect is used to find the FOG episodes. The evaluation of Kin-FOG is performed by two types of experiments, including: (1) simple walking (SW); and (2) walking with turning (WWT). Since the standing mode has features similar to a FOG episode, our Kin-FOG system proposes a method to distinguish between the FOG and standing episodes. Therefore, two general groups of experiments are conducted with standing state (WST) and without standing state (WOST). The gradient displacement of the angle between the foot and the ground is used as the feature for discriminating between FOG and standing modes. These experiments are conducted with different numbers of FOGs for getting reliable and general results. The Kin-FOG system reports the number of FOGs, their lengths, and the time slots when they occur. Experimental results demonstrate Kin-FOG has around 90% accuracy rate for FOG prediction in both experiments for different tasks (SW, WWT). The proposed Kin-FOG system can be used as a remote application at a patient’s home or a rehabilitation clinic for sending a neurologist the required FOG information. The reliability and generality of the proposed system will be evaluated for bigger data sets of actual PD subjects.

Parkinson's disease and prostate enlargement: Both contribute to overactive bladder in the elderly

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (11) ◽  
pp. 982-983 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryuji Sakakibara ◽  
Fang-Ching Lee ◽  
Hiroyoshi Suzuki ◽  
Fuyuki Tateno ◽  
Masahiko Kishi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Overactive Bladder ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Prostate Enlargement
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