scholarly journals Promising Treatment for Type 2 Diabetes: Fecal Microbiota Transplantation Reverses Insulin Resistance and Impaired Islets

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Wang ◽  
Yuan Lu ◽  
Yan Yan ◽  
Shanshan Tian ◽  
Dongjie Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Fecal Microbiota Transplantation ◽  
Fecal Microbiota ◽  
Promising Treatment

scholarly journals Fecal microbiota transplantation alters the susceptibility of obese rats to type 2 diabetes mellitus

Aging ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (17) ◽  
pp. 17480-17502
Author(s):  
Lijing Zhang ◽  
Wen Zhou ◽  
Libin Zhan ◽  
Shenglin Hou ◽  
Chunyan Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Fecal Microbiota Transplantation ◽  
Fecal Microbiota ◽  
Obese Rats

scholarly journals Role of Gut Microbiota on Onset and Progression of Microvascular Complications of Type 2 Diabetes (T2DM)

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 3719
Author(s):  
Daniela Maria Tanase ◽  
Evelina Maria Gosav ◽  
Ecaterina Neculae ◽  
Claudia Florida Costea ◽  
Manuela Ciocoiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Fecal Microbiota Transplantation ◽  
Microvascular Complications ◽  
Aromatic Amino Acids ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Fecal Microbiota ◽  
Inflammatory Status ◽  
New Findings

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remains one of the most problematic and economic consumer disorders worldwide, with growing prevalence and incidence. Over the last years, substantial research has highlighted the intricate relationship among gut microbiota, dysbiosis and metabolic syndromes development. Changes in the gut microbiome composition lead to an imbalanced gastrointestinal habitat which promotes abnormal production of metabolites, inflammatory status, glucose metabolism alteration and even insulin resistance (IR). Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), lipopolysaccharide, aromatic amino acids and their affiliated metabolites, contribute to T2DM via different metabolic and immunologic pathways. In this narrative review, we discuss the immunopathogenic mechanism behind gut dysbiosis, T2DM development and the major known diabetic microvascular complications (retinopathy, neuropathy and nephropathy), the beneficial use of pre- and pro-biotics and fecal microbiota transplantation in T2DM management and new findings and future perspectives in this field.

scholarly journals Gut Microbiota and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Association, Mechanism, and Translational Applications

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Lili Zhang ◽  
Jinjin Chu ◽  
Wenhao Hao ◽  
Jiaojiao Zhang ◽  
Haibo Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Fecal Microbiota Transplantation ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Fecal Microbiota ◽  
Secondary Bile Acid ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

Gut microbiota has attracted widespread attention due to its crucial role in disease pathophysiology, including type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Metabolites and bacterial components of gut microbiota affect the initiation and progression of T2DM by regulating inflammation, immunity, and metabolism. Short-chain fatty acids, secondary bile acid, imidazole propionate, branched-chain amino acids, and lipopolysaccharide are the main molecules related to T2DM. Many studies have investigated the role of gut microbiota in T2DM, particularly those butyrate-producing bacteria. Increasing evidence has demonstrated that fecal microbiota transplantation and probiotic capsules are useful strategies in preventing diabetes. In this review, we aim to elucidate the complex association between gut microbiota and T2DM inflammation, metabolism, and immune disorders, the underlying mechanisms, and translational applications of gut microbiota. This review will provide novel insight into developing individualized therapy for T2DM patients based on gut microbiota immunometabolism.

scholarly journals Prospects for the use of fecal microbiota transplantation in obese patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus for weight loss and improvement of insulin sensitivity

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 541-547
Author(s):  
E. V. Pokrovskaya ◽  
I. A. Sklyanik ◽  
E. A. Shestakova ◽  
M. V. Shestakova
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Fecal Microbiota Transplantation ◽  
Fecal Microbiota ◽  
Fecal Microflora ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
The Moment

Concerning the uncontrolled growth in the incidence of obesity and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), numerous research have been carried out to study the pathogenetic mechanisms of progress of these diseases and development of new methods for their prevention and treatment in recent years. T2DM is known to be a multifactorial disease, in the development of which both lifestyle and various environmental factors, and genetic predisposition are involved. At the same time, in recent years, a theory has been discussed that intestinal dysbiosis, which is caused with quantitative and qualitative changes in the gut microbiota (GM) is one of the mechanisms of obesity and T2DM development. At the moment, various methods have been proposed for restoring the normal composition of GM, including the administration of prebiotics and metabiotics that stimulate the growth of gut flora, as well as probiotics, which directly include the necessary beneficial bacteria (mainly Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus). Fecal microflora transplantation (FMT), which allows transferring an entire microbial community into the recipient's body, rather than individual bacteria is the newest and least studied method of GM normalization. In this connection, this method of GM influencing is of great interest for the prevention and treatment of metabolic diseases.

scholarly journals Gut Microbial Dysbiosis Associated with Type 2 Diabetes Aggravates Acute Ischemic Stroke

mSystems ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaojiao Chen ◽  
Qiheng Wu ◽  
Xuxuan Gao ◽  
Huidi Wang ◽  
Jiajia Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Acute Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Fecal Microbiota Transplantation ◽  
Animal Experiments ◽  
Fecal Microbiota ◽  
Cerebral Injury ◽  
Stroke Severity ◽  
Microbial Dysbiosis

We demonstrated an additive effect of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and acute ischemic stroke (AIS) on AIS with T2D (AIS_T2D) patient gut microbiota dysbiosis, and gut dysbiosis associated with T2D was positively correlated with stroke severity in AIS patients. Through animal experiments, we found that cerebral injury was exacerbated by fecal microbiota transplantation from T2D patients compared with that from healthy controls, which was associated with a reduction in short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing bacteria.

scholarly journals Gut Bacteria Selectively Altered by Sennoside A Alleviate Type 2 Diabetes and Obesity Traits

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Zhonghong Wei ◽  
Peiliang Shen ◽  
Peng Cheng ◽  
Yin Lu ◽  
Aiyun Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Blood Glucose Level ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Fecal Microbiota Transplantation ◽  
Metformin Hydrochloride ◽  
Microbial Composition

Accumulating evidences implicate that gut microbiota play an important role in the onset and prolongation of fat inflammation and diabetes. Sennoside A, the main active ingredient of Rhizoma Rhei (rhubarb), is widely used for constipation as a kind of anthranoid laxative (e.g., senna). Here, we put forward the hypothesis that the structural alteration of gut microbiota in obesity mice may be involved in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes (T2D) which may be ameliorated by Sennoside A. We investigated the appearance of obesity, insulin resistance, host inflammation, and leaky gut phenotype with or without Sennoside A in db/db mice. Horizontal fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) was used to confirm the critical roles of gut microbiota in the amelioration of the indices in T2D mice after Sennoside A treatment. As a result, we found that Sennoside A administration markedly improved the indices in T2D mice and obesity-related traits including blood glucose level, body weight, lipid metabolism disorder, and insulin resistance. The gut microbiota changed quickly during the onset of T2D in db/db mice, which confirmed the hypothesis that gut microbiota was involved in the pathogenesis of T2D. Sennoside A altered gut microbial composition which might mediate the antiobesogenic effects in T2D remission. Sennoside A also reduced inflammation and increased tight junction proteins in the ileum in gene-deficient mice via gut microbiota alteration. FMT lowered the blood glucose level and improved insulin resistance, corroborating that Sennoside A perhaps exerted its antiobesogenic effects through gut microbiota alteration. Chemical Compounds Studied in This Article. Compounds studied in this article include Sennoside A (PubChem CID: 73111) and metformin hydrochloride (PubChem CID: 14219).

scholarly journals Reconstruction of intestinal microecology of Type 2 diabetes by Fecal Microbiota Transplantation: Why and How

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhe-Sheng Chen ◽  
Chuanxing Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Fecal Microbiota Transplantation ◽  
Fecal Microbiota ◽  
Insulin Resistant ◽  
Immune Mediated ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition ◽  
Intestinal Microorganism

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia due to insulin resistant. Mounting evidence has correlated T2D to alterations in the composition of gut microbiota. Accordingly, targeting the gut microbiota has become an emerging strategy to benefit the T2D management. To get a better insight into the rationale for targeting gut microbiota in T2D treatment, we herein reviewed the change of gut microbiota composition in T2D, factors shaping gut microbiota, and potential mechanisms about contribution of gut microbiota to T2D pathogenesis.At present, it has become possible to use intestinal microorganism capsules, bacteria liquid and other preparations to carry out FMT for the treatment and intervention of T2D with insulin resistance and immune-mediated Type 1 diabetes(T1D).

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