scholarly journals Fecal microbiota transplantation alters the susceptibility of obese rats to type 2 diabetes mellitus

Aging ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (17) ◽  
pp. 17480-17502
Author(s):  
Lijing Zhang ◽  
Wen Zhou ◽  
Libin Zhan ◽  
Shenglin Hou ◽  
Chunyan Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Fecal Microbiota Transplantation ◽  
Fecal Microbiota ◽  
Obese Rats

scholarly journals Gut Microbiota and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Association, Mechanism, and Translational Applications

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Lili Zhang ◽  
Jinjin Chu ◽  
Wenhao Hao ◽  
Jiaojiao Zhang ◽  
Haibo Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Fecal Microbiota Transplantation ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Fecal Microbiota ◽  
Secondary Bile Acid ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

Gut microbiota has attracted widespread attention due to its crucial role in disease pathophysiology, including type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Metabolites and bacterial components of gut microbiota affect the initiation and progression of T2DM by regulating inflammation, immunity, and metabolism. Short-chain fatty acids, secondary bile acid, imidazole propionate, branched-chain amino acids, and lipopolysaccharide are the main molecules related to T2DM. Many studies have investigated the role of gut microbiota in T2DM, particularly those butyrate-producing bacteria. Increasing evidence has demonstrated that fecal microbiota transplantation and probiotic capsules are useful strategies in preventing diabetes. In this review, we aim to elucidate the complex association between gut microbiota and T2DM inflammation, metabolism, and immune disorders, the underlying mechanisms, and translational applications of gut microbiota. This review will provide novel insight into developing individualized therapy for T2DM patients based on gut microbiota immunometabolism.

scholarly journals Prospects for the use of fecal microbiota transplantation in obese patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus for weight loss and improvement of insulin sensitivity

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 541-547
Author(s):  
E. V. Pokrovskaya ◽  
I. A. Sklyanik ◽  
E. A. Shestakova ◽  
M. V. Shestakova
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Fecal Microbiota Transplantation ◽  
Fecal Microbiota ◽  
Fecal Microflora ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
The Moment

Concerning the uncontrolled growth in the incidence of obesity and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), numerous research have been carried out to study the pathogenetic mechanisms of progress of these diseases and development of new methods for their prevention and treatment in recent years. T2DM is known to be a multifactorial disease, in the development of which both lifestyle and various environmental factors, and genetic predisposition are involved. At the same time, in recent years, a theory has been discussed that intestinal dysbiosis, which is caused with quantitative and qualitative changes in the gut microbiota (GM) is one of the mechanisms of obesity and T2DM development. At the moment, various methods have been proposed for restoring the normal composition of GM, including the administration of prebiotics and metabiotics that stimulate the growth of gut flora, as well as probiotics, which directly include the necessary beneficial bacteria (mainly Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus). Fecal microflora transplantation (FMT), which allows transferring an entire microbial community into the recipient's body, rather than individual bacteria is the newest and least studied method of GM normalization. In this connection, this method of GM influencing is of great interest for the prevention and treatment of metabolic diseases.

scholarly journals Impact of Bariatric Surgery on Ghrelin and Obestatin Levels in Obesity or Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Rat Model

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donglei Zhou ◽  
Xun Jiang ◽  
Weixing Ding ◽  
Dingyu Zhang ◽  
Lei Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Weight Control ◽  
Sham Operation ◽  
Gk Rats ◽  
Obese Rats ◽  
To Receive

We aimed to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy on weight control by different bariatric surgeries and investigate the ghrelin and obestatin changes after these surgeries in obesity and nonobese type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) rats. Obese rats were randomly assigned to receive sleeve gastrectomy (SG,n=8), minigastric bypass (MGBP,n=8), roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGBP,n=8), and sham operation (SO,n=4). Another 4 rats served as control. Besides, Goto-Kakisaki (GK) rats were also randomly divided into similar groups except for total gastrectomy (TG,n=8) group. The results showed that in obese rats, weigh loss in RYGBP group was similar to that in MGBP group but larger than that in SG group. Ghrelin significantly increased in RYGB group, but obestatin increased in MGBP group. Ghrelin/obestatin ratio significantly decreased in SG group. In GK rats, weight loss was most obvious in TG group. Postoperatively, ghrelin was significantly increased in MGBP and RYGB groups but decreased in TG group. Obestatin also showed an increase in MGBP and RYGB groups. Ghrelin/obestatin in TG group decreased significantly. In conclusion, RYGB and MGBP may be more suitable for obese rats, but TG may be the best strategy for T2DM rats to control weight with different mechanisms.

scholarly journals Changes in the Gut Microbiota are Associated with Hypertension, Hyperlipidemia, and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Japanese Subjects

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 2996
Author(s):  
Tomohisa Takagi ◽  
Yuji Naito ◽  
Saori Kashiwagi ◽  
Kazuhiko Uchiyama ◽  
Katsura Mizushima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Fecal Microbiota ◽  
Metabolic Enzyme ◽  
Α Diversity ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Japanese Subjects

The human gut microbiota is involved in host health and disease development. Therefore, lifestyle-related diseases such as hypertension (HT), hyperlipidemia (HL), and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) may alter the composition of gut microbiota. Here, we investigated gut microbiota changes related to these diseases and their coexistence. This study involved 239 Japanese subjects, including healthy controls (HC). The fecal microbiota was analyzed through the isolation of bacterial genomic DNA obtained from fecal samples. Although there were no significant differences in the microbial structure between groups, there was a significant difference in the α-diversity between HC and the patients in whom two diseases coexisted. Moreover, Actinobacteria levels were significantly increased, whereas Bacteroidetes levels were significantly decreased in all disease groups. At the genus level, Bifidobacterium levels were significantly increased in the HL and T2D groups, as were those of Collinsella in all disease groups. In contrast, Alistipes levels were significantly lower in the HL group. Furthermore, metabolic enzyme families were significantly increased in all disease groups. Interestingly, the structure and function of the gut microbiota showed similar profiles in all the studied diseases. In conclusion, several changes in the structure of the gut microbiota are associated with T2D, HT, and HL in Japanese subjects.

scholarly journals Hypermethylation of Hepatic Glucokinase and L-Type Pyruvate Kinase Promoters in High-Fat Diet–Induced Obese Rats

Endocrinology ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 152 (4) ◽  
pp. 1284-1289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minghong Jiang ◽  
Yuhao Zhang ◽  
Meng Liu ◽  
Michael Shihli Lan ◽  
Jing Fei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Dna Hypermethylation ◽  
Obese Rats

Abstract Obesity-dependent insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus are closely associated with decreased glucose utilization and down-regulation of hepatic glycolytic enzymes expression. Previously, we showed that DNA hypermethylation is involved in age-dependent susceptibility to hepatic insulin resistance and diabetes. However, what we cannot distinguish is whether the age-related obesity contributes to DNA hypermethylation in those natural aging rats. In the present study, we hypothesize that DNA methylation plays a crucial role in the regulation of glycolytic enzymes in the high-fat diet–induced obesity. Here, we report that DNA hypermethylation is correlated with a decline in hepatic glucokinase (Gck) and L-type pyruvate kinase (LPK) expression in high-fat diet–induced obese rats as compared with the control diet group. Down-regulation of Gck and LPK expression are reversed by the 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine in the cell model of steatosis. These novel observations indicate that DNA methylation is involved in the development of metabolic diseases, such as obesity, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, suggesting that the hypermethylation level of Gck and LPK promoters may be a useful parameter for the evaluation of obesity-induced insulin resistance and fatty liver.

scholarly journals Comparison of Goto-Kakizaki rats and high fat diet-induced obese rats: Are they reliable models to study Type 2 Diabetes mellitus?

PLoS ONE ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. e0189622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilson Mitsuo Tatagiba Kuwabara ◽  
Ana Carolina Panveloski-Costa ◽  
Caroline Naomi Fukusawa Yokota ◽  
Joice Naiara Bertaglia Pereira ◽  
Jorge Mancini Filho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Obese Rats ◽  
Study Type
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