scholarly journals The effect of increased concentration of carbon dioxide during the first 3 days of incubation on albumen characteristics, embryonic mortality and hatchability of broiler hatching eggs

2019 ◽  
Vol 98 (2) ◽  
pp. 771-776 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Özlü ◽  
A. Uçar ◽  
R. Banwell ◽  
O. Elibol
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Embryonic Mortality ◽  
Hatching Eggs

THE EFFECTS OF PLASTIC PACKAGING AND OTHER TREATMENTS ON HATCHING EGGS

1964 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. G. Proudfoot
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Setting Time ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Concentration ◽  
Egg Weight ◽  
Plastic Packaging ◽  
Plastic Packages ◽  
Egg Storage ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
Hatching Eggs

A total of 9360 eggs was used in two series of experiments to study the effect of pre-incubation treatments on hatchability, egg weight, and chick weight. These treatments involved plastic packaging, alterations in atmospheric carbon dioxide, temperature, humidity, and time during the pre-incubation stage.Hatchability was maintained at a higher level when eggs were enclosed in plastic film during the pre-incubation period. There was also evidence that plastic packaging was more beneficial when eggs were held at adverse temperatures. Temperatures from 50 to 66° F did not appear to have a detrimental effect on hatchability when eggs were held for short storage periods. An increase in the carbon dioxide concentration in the egg storage environment depressed hatchability.Long pre-incubation holding periods tended to decrease egg weight at setting time and at the 18th day of incubation but appeared to increase chick weight. Temperatures ranging from 50 to 64° F had little effect on egg and chick weights. High humidity levels increased egg weight (when eggs were not enclosed in plastic packages) but this weight difference disappeared during incubation.

scholarly journals Effects of storage period and egg weight of Japanese quail eggs on hatching results (short communication)

2005 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 518-526
Author(s):  
I. Seker ◽  
S. Kul ◽  
M. Bayraktar
Keyword(s):  
Storage Period ◽  
Fertility Rate ◽  
Embryonic Mortality ◽  
Light Weight ◽  
Egg Weight ◽  
Heavy Weight ◽  
Japanese Quails ◽  
Early Embryonic Mortality ◽  
Hatching Eggs ◽  
Weight Groups

Abstract. This study was undertaken to determine the effects of storage period and egg weight of hatching eggs of Japanese quails on fertility, hatchability results. Eggs were obtained 150 females quails, all at 15 weeks of age. A total of 1942 hatching eggs were separated into 3 groups as light-weight (9.50-10.50 g), medium-weight (10.51-11.50 g), and heavy-weight (11.51-12.50 g). Based on storage period, eggs were divided into 5 groups as group 1 (0-3 days), group 2 (4-6 days), group 3 (7-9 days), group 4 (10-12 days), and group 5 (13-15 days). The influence of storage period on hatchability of fertile eggs and early, middle, and late period embryonic mortality rates was found significant (P<0.01). The effect of egg weight on fertility rate, hatchability of fertile eggs and early embryonic mortality was significant (P<0.05, P<0.01). The significant differences between storage period groups were observed in hatchability of fertile eggs. The differences between egg weight groups for fertility rate, hatchability of fertile eggs and early embryonic mortality was significantly higher in light weight group than the other egg weight groups. Results of this study concluded that a 12 day pre-incubation storage of hatching eggs of Japanese quails did not appreciably affect hatching parameters. Use of medium or heavy weight eggs for hatching may reduce early embryonic mortality rate.

scholarly journals The Effect of Pre-Incubation And Storage Period on Some hatching Traits for Broiler Breeder Eggs

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 92-100
Author(s):  
Mahdi S. Mohammad ◽  
Basil M. Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Storage Period ◽  
Embryonic Mortality ◽  
Broiler Breeder ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Experimental Parameters ◽  
Type C ◽  
Hatching Eggs ◽  
Experimental Treatments ◽  
Quality Type ◽  
And Storage

A total of 1800 broiler breeder , Ross 308 at 47 wks old ,  hatching eggs .Were used in the present study . Eggs were randomly distributed into 12 experimental treatments ,150 eggs pretreatment groups . The treatment groups were as follows : T1 treatment without pre-incubation + 4 days eggs storage period T2 treatment without pre-incubation + 8 days eggs storage period T3 treatment without pre-incubation + 12 days eggs storage period T4 treatment 4 hours  pre-incubation + 4 days eggs storage period T5 treatment 4 hours  pre-incubation + 8 days eggs storage period T6 treatment 4 hours  pre-incubation + 12 days eggs storage period T7 treatment 8 hours  pre-incubation + 4 days eggs storage period T8 treatment 8 hours  pre-incubation + 8 days eggs storage period T9 treatment 8 hours  pre-incubation + 12 days eggs storage period T10 treatment 12 hours  pre-incubation + 4 days eggs storage period. T11 treatment 12 hours  pre-incubation +8 days eggs storage period T12 treatment 12 hours  pre-incubation + 12 days eggs storage period. Experimental parameters measured included : Fertility , hatchability percentage  from the total incubated eggs and from fertile eggs , hatching chicks length , weekly embryonic mortality ,piped eggs and quality evaluation of navel for hatching chicks . The results of this study showed a significant increase (P <0.05) in the rate of early embryonic mortality of the treatment which was pre- incubated for 8 hours and stored for 12 days compared to the treatment that was unpre-incubated and stored for 4 days, medium embryonic mortality  increased to a treatment which was pre-incubated for 8 hours and stored for 12 days compared to the treatment that was  pre-incubated for 8 hours and was stored for 4 days , the rate of piped eggs was significantly (P<0.05) increased to the treatment 4 hours pre-incubated  x 12 days storage compared to most others treatments. The percentage of hatched chicks its have the navel type A significantly (P<0.05)  increased for the treatment 4 hours × 4 days compared to the treatment 12 hour × 12 days , while significantly (P<0.05) decrease the percentage of  hatched chicks type  navel  B for treatment 0 hour × 4 days compared to the treatment 12 hour × 12 days , either quality type C It has significantly (P<0.05)  decreased for both treatments 4 hour ×4 days and 4 hour ×8 days compared to the treatment 12 hour × 12 days

scholarly journals The process of embryonic mortality in seven initial laying strains during incubation

2003 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 483-489 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Máchal ◽  
M. Zatloukal ◽  
S. Jeřábek ◽  
Z. Molnárová
Keyword(s):  
Recessive Gene ◽  
Embryonic Mortality ◽  
Hatching Eggs ◽  
Coefficient Of Inbreeding

Abstract. In five segments of incubation (within the 4th day, on the 7th, 14th, 20th days and in the stage of breaking through the shell) we studied the fertility of hatching eggs, the hatchability and embryonic mortality of seven initial laying strains (RIR – 1, RIR – 2, RIR – 3, RIW – 1, SU – 1, BPR – 1 and BPR – 2) in the course of three egg sets of individual pedigree hatching. The average hatchability of all the seven strains was 71.5%, the proportion of unfertilised eggs was 11.3% and embryonic mortality reached 17.2%. The embryonic mortality of all the seven strains culminated in two periods, i.e. within the 4th day of incubation (36.9% of the total embryonic mortality) and at the end of incubation (from the 15th to 20th day of incubation – 23.4% and during breaking through the shell – 18.1%). In terms of the inter-line differences, the embryonic mortality was the highest in three lines, which had a higher coefficient of inbreeding (Fx < 12.5%), i.e. RIR – 1 (20.9%), BPR – 2 (20.3%) and RIW – 1 (23.7%). All the three lines bear the recessive gene (k+) on locus K, which is responsible for the rapid type of feathering using feathersexing. Within the 7th day of incubation the embryonic mortality was higher in both BPR lines (BPR – 1–58.1%, BPR – 2–53.6% of the total embryonic mortality), while in the last trimester of incubation and in the period of breaking through the shell it was the lowest (BPR – 1–30.8%, BPR – 2–36.2% of the total embryonic mortality).

scholarly journals Carbon Dioxide During Storage of Chicken and Turkey Hatching Eggs

1968 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 251-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter A. Becker ◽  
John V. Spencer ◽  
James L. Swartwood
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Hatching Eggs

PROOF OF THE EXISTENCE OF PRE-OVIPOSITAL EMBRYONIC DEATHS IN CHICKENS AND THEIR BEARING ON THE RELATION BETWEEN 'FERTILITY' AND HATCHABILITY

1945 ◽  
Vol 23d (6) ◽  
pp. 129-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. S. Munro ◽  
Igor L. Kosin
Keyword(s):  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Cytological Study ◽  
Embryonic Mortality ◽  
Mortality Curve ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Hatching Eggs ◽  
Embryonic Death

Although the terms 'fertility' and 'hatchability' refer in chickens to two biologically independent processes, in practice they are frequently found to be related. This type of association suggests that the two variables are related only through the mediation of a special set of conditions. The latter find their expressions in a low level of fertility and hatchability. It is suggested that under these conditions, a large proportion of 'infertiles' among hatching eggs are cases of pre-oviposital embryonic death. Evidence to support this has been provided by cytological study of the germ discs of such eggs. The germ discs were found to contain colonies of cells, indicating arrested but nonetheless genuine embryonic development. It has been shown, furthermore, that eggs of some hens are unfertilizable. On the basis of the present data it was possible to establish the existence of another peak in the embryonic mortality curve, occurring during the first 25± hr. of zygotic development.

scholarly journals Effect of hen age and storage time on egg weight loss and hatchability results in turkeys

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 447-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Stępińska ◽  
Emilia Mróz ◽  
Magdalena Krawczyk ◽  
Kamil Otowski ◽  
Alina Górska
Keyword(s):  
Incubation Period ◽  
Water Loss ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
High Water ◽  
Embryonic Mortality ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Water Metabolism ◽  
Egg Weight ◽  
Egg Storage ◽  
Hatching Eggs

Abstract The aim of this study was to determine the effect of egg water loss during storage and incubation on hatch rates in heavy-type broad-breasted white BUT Big 6 turkeys. Turkey hens started laying eggs at 30 weeks of age. In weeks 2, 8, 16 and 21 of the laying season, 1512 eggs were selected randomly and divided into 4 groups of 378 eggs each. The groups of eggs were stored for 7, 10, 13 or 17 days before incubation. At the beginning and end of the storage period and on days 9, 15, 21 and 24 of incubation, eggs were weighed to determine the percent water loss relative to the egg’s weight. Four incubation cycles of 378 eggs each were performed for each storage period. A total of 16 incubation cycles were carried out (4 weeks of the laying season × 4 egg storage periods) and the following parameters were determined (%): egg fertilization, dead embryos, unhatched eggs and hatchability results from fertilized eggs. The percentages of dead embryos and unhatched poults with physical defects and abnormal position were determined in hatchery waste from each incubation cycle. Egg water loss varied throughout storage and reached 0.57% of total egg weight after 7 days, 0.79% after 10 days, 0.87% after 13 days and 1.28% after 17 days (P≤0.05). After 7 days of storage, egg water loss during a 15-day and 21-day incubation period reached 5.76% and 8.72%, and lower values were noted after 17 days of storage (P≤0.05). Egg water loss of 1.28% during storage resulted in a high rate of early embryonic mortality (14.81%) and a low hatch rate (72.12%) (P≤0.05). High water loss in stored eggs contributed to a higher percentage of congested embryos. During storage, egg water loss reached 0.72% in week 2 of the laying season, 0.78% in week 8 and ≥1% in weeks 16 and 21 of the laying season (P≤0.05). Egg water loss during a 21-day incubation period was similar in weeks 2, 8 and 16 of the laying season, and lower in week 21 (P≤0.05). The hatchability of turkey eggs was lowest in weeks 16 and 21 of the laying season (P≤0.05). Low water loss during incubation contributed to a high rate of late embryonic mortality (13.2%). High water loss during egg storage is accompanied by lower water loss during incubation. Water loss should be monitored after storage and on days 15 and 21 of incubation to evaluate water metabolism in hatching eggs.

Impact of Hatching Egg Disinfection on Hatching Characteristics and Chick Embryos

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gamal M. Bekhet
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Embryonic Mortality ◽  
Chick Embryos ◽  
Egg Weight ◽  
Significant Percentage ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Hatching Eggs ◽  
Chemical Disinfectant

Four thousand two hundred hatching eggs were obtained from Bandarah chicken to evaluate the effect of chemical and natural egg disinfectants and fumigation on egg weight loss, embryonic mortality, hatchability, hatch time, chick weight and chick weight loss. Three incubation trials were done; each one contained 1400 hatched eggs and divided into fourteen treatments (100 eggs per each). First treatment (T1) was used as control without any treatment, eggs of second treatment (T2) were dipped in water and third treatment in alcohol, whereas T4, T5, T6, T7 treated egg groups were dipped in chemical disinfectant (sodium chloride, betadine, hydrogen peroxide, virkon S). Egg of T9, T10, T11, T12, T13 and T14 groups were dipped in natural disinfectants (oregano, cumin 02 and 04 % and oregano+ cumin01 and 02), respectively. The thickest eggshell (031mm) was recorded for betadine group in infertile eggs compared with those for formaldehyde fumigation and oregano+cumin 01% oregano+cumin 01% group (035mm) compared with all other treatment groups. Formaldehyde fumigation recorded the worst and highest significant percentage of embryonic mortality (1795%). Highest significant percentages for hatchability of fertile egg were recorded in egg groups with oregano 02 and 04% (9687 and 9576%), cumin 02 and 04 % (9551and 9715%) and oregano+cumin01 and 02% (9619 and 9615%), respectively.

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