scholarly journals Some Physiological Responses of Turkeys Selected for High and Low Adrenal Response to Cold Stress

1973 ◽  
Vol 52 (5) ◽  
pp. 1948-1954 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith I. Brown ◽  
Karl E. Nestor
Keyword(s):  
Cold Stress ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Adrenal Response

ACCLIMATIZATION TO COLD: OBSERVATIONS ON THE MECHANISM OF THE REDUCED IMMEDIATE ADRENAL RESPONSE

1959 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 671-677
Author(s):  
Doris Nicholls ◽  
Rosemary Molloy ◽  
Kathleen Stavraky ◽  
R. J. Rossiter
Keyword(s):  
Adrenal Gland ◽  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Cold Stress ◽  
Cold Exposure ◽  
Inorganic Phosphorus ◽  
Phosphorus Metabolism ◽  
Adrenal Tissue ◽  
Adrenal Response

The incorporation of inorganic phosphorus labelled with P32 into the inorganic phosphorus of the adrenal gland was measured in rats acclimatized to cold for 4 weeks. Previously it was reported that the immediate pituitary–adrenal response to brief cold exposure (2 hours at −5 °C), as judged by the increased P32 incorporation is considerably decreased in rats that have been acclimatized. Some observations are now reported on the mechanism of this reduced immediate response.The administration of ACTH, pitressin, or adrenaline caused similar increases in the adrenal phosphorus metabolism in acclimatized and non-acclimatized control rats. Acclimatization could still be demonstrated in rats after the fur had been removed by clipping.From these results it is concluded that the decreased immediate pituitary–adrenal response to an exposure to more severe cold, observed in acclimatized rats, is not the result of an increased fur thickness, nor is it the result of a decreased sensitivity of the adrenal tissue to ACTH, or to a decreased sensitivity of the pituitary or hypothalamus to a given stimulus. It is suggested that the reduction in the immediate pituitary–adrenal response to a more severe cold stress in acclimatized rats might be due to an alteration in the sensitivity of the peripheral nerve receptors, or in the mechanism, nervous or otherwise, whereby the pituitary is stimulated.

scholarly journals Investigating the physiological responses of Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei to acute cold-stress

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e7381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenlu Wang ◽  
Yuexin Qu ◽  
Xiaolei Zhuo ◽  
Junyi Li ◽  
Jixing Zou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Cold Stress ◽  
Litopenaeus Vannamei ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Pacific White Shrimp ◽  
Basement Membranes ◽  
White Shrimp ◽  
Unfolded Protein ◽  
Activating Transcription Factor ◽  
The Unfolded Protein Response

Background Litopenaeus vannamei is one of the most important aquaculture shrimps in the world and low temperatures present a serious challenge to its survival, growth, and distribution. Methods To investigate their physiological responses during acute cold-stress, L. vannamei were treated under acute cooling conditions from 28 to 13 °C with a cooling rate of 2.5 °C/2 h and were maintained at 13 °C for 12 h. Plasma metabolite concentrations, histological changes, and relative gene expression related to the unfolded protein response (UPR) pathway and apoptosis in the hepatopancreas and the hemocytes of L. vannamei were investigated. Results The results revealed that the concentrations of triglycerides, total cholesterol, and total protein in plasma reached their peaks at 23 °C, and then decreased to their minimum values at 13 °C for 12 h. The activity of alkaline phosphatase in the plasma decreased to its lowest level while the activity of alanine aminotransferase increased to its highest level at 13 °C for 12 h. The hepatic tubules became necrotic and the basement membranes were ruptured at 13 °C for 12 h. The gene expression related to UPR and apoptosis in the hepatopancreas and hemocytes was significantly altered by the decrease in the temperature. Discussion The results revealed that acute cold-stress caused histological damage in the hepatopancreas of L. vannamei, reducing its immunity. The three UPR pathways were involved in the process of acute cold-stress and the response of activating transcription factor 6 to UPR may be faster and more directthan the IRE1 and PERK pathways.

scholarly journals Physiological Responses and Proteomic Analysis on the Cold Stress Responses of Annual Pitaya (Hylocereus spp.) Branches

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Junliang Zhou ◽  
Lijuan Wang ◽  
Tujian Xiao ◽  
Zhuang Wang ◽  
Yongya Mao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cold Stress ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Cold Resistance ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Chlorophyll Contents ◽  
Proteomic Approach ◽  
Related Proteins

In this study, the physiological response of the annual branches of three varieties of pitaya (Xianmi, Fulong, and Zihonglong) in cold stress was investigated using a multivariate statistical method. Physiological change results showed that cold stress could decrease the moisture and chlorophyll contents, on the contrary, increase the relative electric conductivity, the contents of malonadehyde, soluble protein, soluble sugar, and free proline, and enhance the enzyme activities of peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and catalase. Meanwhile, a comparative proteomic approach was also conducted to clarify the cold resistance-related proteins and pathways in annual pitaya branches. Proteomics results concluded that the cold tolerance of annual pitaya branches could be improved by modulating autophagy. Therefore, we hypothesized that an increased autophagy ability may be an important characteristic of the annual pitaya branches in response to cold stress conditions. Our results provide a good understanding of the physiological responses and molecular mechanisms of the annual pitaya branches in response to cold stress.

Differential maturation of an adrenal response to cold stress in rats manipulated in infancy.

1958 ◽  
Vol 51 (6) ◽  
pp. 774-777 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seymour Levine ◽  
Morton Alpert ◽  
George W. Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Cold Stress ◽  
Adrenal Response
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document