Mercantilist Treasure, Capitalist Circulation, and Gender Distinctions in the Grimm Brothers' Fairy Tale Hänsel und Gretel

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-75
Author(s):  
Peter C. Pfeiffer
Keyword(s):  
Complex Network ◽  
Market Economy ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Fairy Tale ◽  
Social Organisation ◽  
Gender Differentiation ◽  
Economic Criticism ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Male Authority

Drawing on paradigms of the New Economic Criticism, this essay shows how subsequent editions of the Grimm Brothers' fairy tale Hänsel und Gretel construe an increasingly complex network of economic metaphors and themes. In addition, it argues that these economic topoi are tightly interwoven with modes of gender differentiation that are partially figured in the imaginary geography put forth in the fairy tale. The fairy tale ultimately re-establishes a social organisation that subjugates women under male authority and shows how a shift from a mercantilist notion of economic activity to one of a capitalist market economy seemingly legitimates such an arrangement.

A Comparative Analysis of Land, Caste, and Gender in Tamil Nadu and Madhya Pradesh With Reference to India

2019 ◽  
pp. 149-175
Author(s):  
M. Thangaraj
Keyword(s):  
Economic Activity ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Land Reform ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
National Income ◽  
Tenure Reform ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
And Gender

Land is a gift of nature and its supply is perfectly inelastic. The quality of land differs very much from one place to another. Land is an important productive asset in rural India. Land is the backbone of agriculture. It serves as the base for all living beings. Nearly two-thirds of the workforce directly or indirectly depends on agriculture for their livelihood. About one-fifth of national income is derived from agricultural sector. Agriculture is a risky and most uncertain economic activity, as it heavily depends upon the vagarious of monsoon. Land market is a significant economic activity and may be classified into land sale market and land lease market both in rural and urban areas. Land reform is one of the regulating mechanisms of the agrarian activity which may be classified into 1) reforms aimed at changing ownership pattern (re-distributive reform) or 2) reforms dealing with leasing of land (tenancy/tenure reform).

Gender Divides in Higher Education

2016 ◽  
pp. 200-228
Author(s):  
Joaquín Santiago López
Keyword(s):  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Technical Skills ◽  
Cultural Backgrounds ◽  
Safety Control ◽  
Gender Differentiation ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Development Of Competencies ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Aided Design

Cultures differ in nature and intensity of differentiation between the sexes, gender, gender roles, gender-role ideologies and gender stereotypes, but gender differentiation exists universally. This chapter explores the awareness students of building-related degrees from different cultural backgrounds have gained about their capabilities as future professionals. More particularly, the chapter will analyze the acquisition and development of competencies that go beyond the technical skills demanded by most companies in the building industries (i.e. project management, safety control or computer-aided design). These additional skills seem to resonate with male-oriented meanings, especially for on-site jobs, although it appears that traditional gender associations have been dislodged in many contexts. To that end, a survey including competency choices was completed by a population of 100 students from different countries. Results from the study seem to point out that gender gaps have been bridged in many cases. When differences are observed, they do not account for the bulk of data, and are distributed randomly. This finding runs contrary to prior expectations about stereotyping in career choice and awareness of self-capacities.

scholarly journals Local Regulation Cancellation Mechanism and its Legal Consequence based on Lex Superiori Deregot Legi Inferiori Principle in Economy

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 01005
Author(s):  
Asri Agustiwi ◽  
Isharyanto ◽  
Hartiwiningsih
Keyword(s):  
Public Service ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Government Regulation ◽  
Local Area ◽  
Local Regulation ◽  
Local Leader ◽  
Legal Consequence ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Community Access

This article addressed the local regulation cancelling mechanism and its legal consequence based on lex superiori derogat legi inferiori principle. The authorization of local area has contributed positively and negatively. Per June 2016, there have been 3,143 regulations voided or revised by Government including Local Government, Interior Ministry, and Governor: 111 Interior Minister’s decrees and 1,267 Local Regulations or Local Leader Regulations at Regency/City level. This figure consisted of 1,765 Local Regulations or Local Leader Regulations at Regency/City level: 111 Interior Minister’s Regulation or Decree and 1,267 Local Regulations or Local Leader Regulations at Regency/City level. The research method is normative juridical method involving document and regulations which related with the local regulation cancellation mechanism. Those data are sharpen with normative descriptive qualitative analysis. The result of research showed that legislator and drafter could not formulate a provision of Local Regulation freely but it should consider the higher legislations such as 1945 Constitution (thereafter called UUD 1945), Law, Government Regulation, and Presidential Regulation, and Local Regulation Cancellation can be made if the regulation disrupts concord between members of community, access to public service, public orderliness and composure, and economic activity to improve the people’s wellbeing, and or results in discrimination against ethnic, religion and belief, race, inter-group, and gender.

A Homosocial Priesthood of All Believers: Laity and Gender in Interwar Sweden

2019 ◽  
Vol 88 (2) ◽  
pp. 440-464
Author(s):  
Martin Nykvist
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Church Of Sweden ◽  
Priesthood Of All Believers ◽  
Gender Differentiation ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
Church Life ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Church

Around the turn of the twentieth century, there was a growing concern within the Church of Sweden that the church was, to a too large extent, managed by the clergy alone. In an attempt to give the laity a more active and influential role in the Church of Sweden, the Brethren of the Church was established in 1918. Since it was only possible for men to become members, the organization simultaneously addressed a different issue: the view that women had become a much too salient group in church life. This process was described by the Brethren and similar groups as a “feminization” of the church, a phrasing which later came to be used by historians and theologians to explain changes in Western Christianity in the nineteenth century. In other words, the Brethren considered questions of gender vital to their endeavor to create a church in which the laity held a more prominent position. This article analyzes how the perceived feminization and its assumed connection to secularization caused enhanced attempts to uphold and strengthen gender differentiation in the Church of Sweden in the early twentieth century. By analyzing an all-male lay organization, the importance of homosociality in the construction of Christian masculinities will also be discussed.

Decommodification in action: Common property as countermovement

Organization ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 817-839 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Maria Peredo ◽  
Murdith McLean
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Change ◽  
Market Economy ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Common Property ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Market Model ◽  
Land Trusts ◽  
Worker Cooperatives ◽  
Fictitious Commodities ◽  
Market Capitalism

Our purpose is twofold: to contribute to the case for seeing the economy as a rich landscape of practices for producing and distributing livelihood extending beyond the capitalist market and to highlight an important element in the current dynamic of organizational change within that landscape. We focus on a particular set of practices that not only deserve attention as departures from the market model but also exemplify an important interplay in current economic life: the resistance mounted by some elements in economic activity to the hegemony of market capitalism. Our argument sheds light on a form of organizing that is based on a distinctive economic form – common property, and arises in a distinctive setting – the heightened marketization characteristic of neo-liberalism. The factor of commodification binds these two as the force that arouses the organizational reaction. We sketch the neo-liberal environment of current economic life and then outline Polanyi’s notion of ‘fictitious commodities’ in the market economy and the countermovement aimed at protecting and recovering them. We focus on two families of practice that effectively decommodify land and labour – community land trusts and worker cooperatives – and suggest that these represent a widespread interplay of forces in the countermovement. We conclude by outlining a fertile programme of research that flows from our argument.

Economic Activity of Non-Commercial Organizations and Its Civil-Law Ensuring

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
Татьяна Сойфер ◽  
Tatyana Soyfyer
Keyword(s):  
Market Economy ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Civil Law ◽  
Civil Code ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
Fundamental Possibility ◽  
Commercial Organizations ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Methods Of Operation

The article is considered some aspects of economic activity of non-commercial organizations. The author notes that updated norms of the Russian Civil code not fully take into account economic principles of operation non-commercial organizations in conditions of market economy. That is why the desired effects from their work in Russia are not received. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of the relationship of legal categories “income-generating activity of non-commercial organizations” and “entrepreneurship activity of non-commercial organizations”. Author came to a conclusion that this categories have various economic essences. The income-generating activity for the non-profit organizations may have different characters, including as the main. Consequently the author indicates the need for a differentiated approach in determining the fundamental possibility and valid frames of implementation the income-generating activity for the non-commercial organizations. The article proposes to distinguish groups of non-profit legal entities and give them any special opportunities in the implementation of income-generating activity. These opportunities depend on the purposes of the organizations and the chosen methods of operation.

Indirect Agents of Empire

2012 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 378-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Verity G. McInnis
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Critical Dimension ◽  
British India ◽  
The Social ◽  
Army Officers ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Male Authority ◽  
Ethnicity And Gender ◽  
The U.S

The experiences of army officers’ wives stationed in British India and the U.S. West during the period 1830–1875 offer a critical dimension to understandings of imperialism. This comparative analysis argues that these women designed a distinct identity that blueprinted, directed, and legitimized the ambitions of empire. In feminizing the Army’s ranking system, officers’ wives appropriated and wielded male authority. Military homes—a space where class, race, ethnicity, and gender intersected—functioned as operational sites of empire, and, in managing household servants, officers’ wives both designed and endorsed the principles of benevolent imperialism. Whether adjudicating local disputes, emasculating soldier-servants of lower rank, or enacting the social norms of the metropole, these women confidently executed their duty as imperial agents.

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