За стопанската дейност на общината в условията на пазарна икономика (For the Economic Activity of the Municipality in Conditions/Circumstances of Market Economy)

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darina Dimitrova
Keyword(s):  
Market Economy ◽  
Economic Activity

Decommodification in action: Common property as countermovement

Organization ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 817-839 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Maria Peredo ◽  
Murdith McLean
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Change ◽  
Market Economy ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Common Property ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Market Model ◽  
Land Trusts ◽  
Worker Cooperatives ◽  
Fictitious Commodities ◽  
Market Capitalism

Our purpose is twofold: to contribute to the case for seeing the economy as a rich landscape of practices for producing and distributing livelihood extending beyond the capitalist market and to highlight an important element in the current dynamic of organizational change within that landscape. We focus on a particular set of practices that not only deserve attention as departures from the market model but also exemplify an important interplay in current economic life: the resistance mounted by some elements in economic activity to the hegemony of market capitalism. Our argument sheds light on a form of organizing that is based on a distinctive economic form – common property, and arises in a distinctive setting – the heightened marketization characteristic of neo-liberalism. The factor of commodification binds these two as the force that arouses the organizational reaction. We sketch the neo-liberal environment of current economic life and then outline Polanyi’s notion of ‘fictitious commodities’ in the market economy and the countermovement aimed at protecting and recovering them. We focus on two families of practice that effectively decommodify land and labour – community land trusts and worker cooperatives – and suggest that these represent a widespread interplay of forces in the countermovement. We conclude by outlining a fertile programme of research that flows from our argument.

Economic Activity of Non-Commercial Organizations and Its Civil-Law Ensuring

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
Татьяна Сойфер ◽  
Tatyana Soyfyer
Keyword(s):  
Market Economy ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Civil Law ◽  
Civil Code ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
Fundamental Possibility ◽  
Commercial Organizations ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Methods Of Operation

The article is considered some aspects of economic activity of non-commercial organizations. The author notes that updated norms of the Russian Civil code not fully take into account economic principles of operation non-commercial organizations in conditions of market economy. That is why the desired effects from their work in Russia are not received. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of the relationship of legal categories “income-generating activity of non-commercial organizations” and “entrepreneurship activity of non-commercial organizations”. Author came to a conclusion that this categories have various economic essences. The income-generating activity for the non-profit organizations may have different characters, including as the main. Consequently the author indicates the need for a differentiated approach in determining the fundamental possibility and valid frames of implementation the income-generating activity for the non-commercial organizations. The article proposes to distinguish groups of non-profit legal entities and give them any special opportunities in the implementation of income-generating activity. These opportunities depend on the purposes of the organizations and the chosen methods of operation.

scholarly journals Legal Analysis Of Crimes Committed In The Field Of Economics

2021 ◽  
Vol 03 (04) ◽  
pp. 68-72
Author(s):  
Allanov Said Akbarxon ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Market Economy ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Legal Analysis ◽  
Criminal Legislation

This article examines the fact that in a modern market economy, in which entrepreneurial activity is widely developed, the introduction of penalties, and not the use of incentive norms in the commission of criminal acts related to economic activity. Our current criminal legislation provides for more exemption from punishment in incentive norms, therefore today in the criminal legislation there are proposals for improving incentive norms aimed at exemption from liability.

scholarly journals The COVID-19 Economic Crisis in Mexico through the Lens of a Financial Conditions Index

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-27
Author(s):  
Julio A. Carrillo ◽  
Ana Laura García
Keyword(s):  
Financial Markets ◽  
Market Economy ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Financial Distress ◽  
Emerging Market ◽  
Financial Conditions ◽  
Real Shocks

The COVID-19 pandemic not only generated real shocks affecting economic activity severely, but also a broad uncertainty that unleashed an extreme shock to financial markets. In this paper, we focus on the financial dimension of the pandemic from the viewpoint of an emerging market economy. Accordingly, we estimate a financial conditions index for Mexico since 1993 and find that the acute turmoil generated by the pandemic stands among the four largest episodes of financial distress experienced by the country. In addition, we find evidence suggesting that real variables have responded differently to shocks that worsen financial conditions than to shocks that improve them.

Market Neutrality and the Failure of Co-operatives

1981 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 309-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Miller
Keyword(s):  
Market Economy ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Free Market ◽  
Work Force ◽  
Free Market Economy ◽  
Preference Structure ◽  
Historical Evidence ◽  
Loss Of Autonomy ◽  
Capitalist Firm ◽  
Capital Ownership

Among the arguments that have featured in the recent revival of libertarian thinking is one purporting to show that a free market economy, protected by a minimal state – or even no state at all – is neutral as between capitalism and a certain form of socialism. The argument runs as follows. The market places no limits on the manner in which people may associate for purposes of economic activity. They may choose capitalist forms of organization, in which case those who become owners of capital assume a greater degree of risk and responsibility and stand to gain correspondingly higher rewards, or they may choose co-operative forms, where groups of producers supply their own capital and share the profits between them. If capitalist forms are overwhelmingly favoured, as the historical evidence shows, this reveals something about the preference structure of the population as a whole. Either the bulk of the population actively wish to avoid the risks and anxieties of capital ownership, and so willingly transfer these responsibilities to the few willing to bear them; or the efficiency of the capitalist firm is such that it can pay wages high enough to compensate the work force for their loss of autonomy in comparison with the co-operative alternative.

Exchange Rates and the Working Capital Channel of Trade Fluctuations

2018 ◽  
Vol 108 ◽  
pp. 531-536 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentina Bruno ◽  
Se-Jik Kim ◽  
Hyun Song Shin
Keyword(s):  
Exchange Rates ◽  
Market Economy ◽  
Opposite Direction ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Emerging Market ◽  
Manufacturing Firms ◽  
Supporting Evidence ◽  
Working Capital ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Cross Border

Exchange rates affect the economy not only through the competitiveness of exports but also through a financial channel. The financial channel goes in the opposite direction to the competitiveness channel in that a stronger currency goes hand-in-hand with more buoyant real economic activity on the back of faster credit growth and cross-border banking flows. The effect is particularly marked for emerging market economies for the broad dollar index: a stronger dollar may actually lead to a decline in trade volumes of an emerging market economy. Our paper develops a stylized model that generates such an effect and finds supporting evidence in a firm-level investigation of manufacturing firms from Asia.

scholarly journals Breaking Say’s law in a simple market economy model

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (81) ◽  
pp. 897-918
Author(s):  
Carlos Humberto Ortiz Quevedo ◽  
Rodrigo Castillo Rentería
Keyword(s):  
Market Economy ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Capital Accumulation ◽  
Aggregate Demand ◽  
Returns To Scale ◽  
Increasing Returns ◽  
Market Size ◽  
Increasing Returns To Scale ◽  
Production Factors ◽  
Constant Returns To Scale

This paper analyses a multi-sector market economy where preferences are non-homothetic and satiable. Capital and labour are the production factors. Food and manufactured goods are produced with a constant-returns-to-scale technology and an increasing-returns-to-scale technology, respectively. Results include: an original capital accumulation process is required for manufacturing industrialization to take place, a minimum market size is needed for the economy to operate, and capital property concentration diminishes aggregate demand. Full general equilibrium is possible for intermediate degrees of capital concentration, but the price system collapses under high degrees as an economy regulator, labour unemployment is unavoidable, and a minimum wage is justified to enhance economic activity.

Breakeven Point – Instrument in the Company Performance Analysis

Economica ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Deliu ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Performance Analysis ◽  
Market Economy ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Company Performance ◽  
Calculation Methods ◽  
Financial Situation ◽  
Basic Objective ◽  
New Interpretation ◽  
Breakeven Point ◽  
And Control

In market economy, the purpose of any economic agent is to obtain profit from his economic activity. Profitability is considered a decisive tool for boosting the market economy mechanism, being a form of expressing the economic efficiency of the company to make a profit. Thus, the basic objective of the enterprise is profit and, in order to achieve the proposed goals, it is necessary to perform the analysis and periodic control of the activity, of the economic and financial situation, the state of performance within it. Depending on this, we consider optimal the use of the breakeven point in the performance analysis, an indicator that must be accepted as a financial instrument of analysis and control. In this article will be revealed the essence of the breakeven point, will be presented the importance, its forms of manifestation and calculation methods. A new interpretation in the calculation methods are proposed. Also, some productive situations will be presented depending on the breakeven point

scholarly journals The position of cooperatives in the new social economy

Management ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 488-503 ◽  
Author(s):  
Waldemar Czternasty
Keyword(s):  
Market Economy ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Social Economy ◽  
Specific Group ◽  
Social Mission ◽  
Cooperative Movement ◽  
Employment Participation ◽  
The Welfare State

Summary A dynamic development of market economy, broadly understood globalisation, the welfare state crisis in Western Europe etc. cause the intensification and creation of new aspects of poverty, marginalisation and social exclusion. The capabilities to solve the increasing social issues must be connected with the idea of social economy which assumes, among other things, facilitating the employment participation, access and use of any resources, laws, products and services. The opportunities of implementing those actions are linked to functioning of a specific group of entities which perform, along with the economic activity, also a social mission. Cooperatives should be classified in such group. They can be an alternative for those entities of commercial economy which are profit-oriented. Hence, the aim of this paper is to identify the interdependencies between the increase in significance of social economy in market economies (inter alia in Poland) and the pace of development of cooperative movement, indicating its directions the conditions that determine it.

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