scholarly journals How Do We Love? Romantic Love Style in Men Is Related to Lower Testosterone Levels

2017 ◽  
pp. 695-703 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. BABKOVÁ DURDIAKOVÁ ◽  
P. CELEC ◽  
I. KOBOROVÁ ◽  
T. SEDLÁČKOVÁ ◽  
G. MINÁRIK ◽  
...  

Testosterone has been widely investigated in associations with many aspects of social interactions, emotions and behavior. No research has been conducted on its contribution to the variability of love styles in human. The aim of this paper was to uncover the possible relationship between not only the actual plasma testosterone levels, but also the prenatal testosterone level (expressed as 2D:4D ratio) and the sensitivity of androgen receptor and love typology in young healthy men. There are six love styles which are primary including Eros (passionate romantic love), Ludus (playful) and Storge (friendly) and secondary love consisting of Mania (obsessive), Pragma (practical realistic) and Agape (altruistic). Our results pointed out that low testosterone concentrations are associated with higher score for Eros, Ludus, Pragma, Mania love style. No significant association was proved for other tested parameters of androgenicity (2D:4D, sensitivity of androgen receptor) and love style after correction was applied. Different attitudes and behavior in relationships do have a biological foundation related to endogenous testosterone levels in plasma. Future studies should address questions about the family and social background of participants to differentiate here between moral rules or/and social-conventional rules.

2005 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilma Simoni Brum ◽  
Poli Mara Spritzer ◽  
Franyoise Paris ◽  
Maria Augusta Maturana ◽  
Franyoise Audran ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
Fitria Nuraini ◽  
Toni Anwar Mahmud

The title of the research is The Role of Parents in Shaping the Character of Children in the Globalization Era in Masigit Village, Citangkil Village, Cilegon City. In the current era of globalization, there are many influences, both positive and negative. This negative influence must be avoided because it can affect a person's habits, attitudes, and behavior. Character education is one of the important things that must be applied in the family environment. Parents must reflect good attitudes and habits in interacting in the family environment and in the community environment. This is important for fostering good attitudes and habits in children. The formulation of the problem in this study is how the role of parents in improving children's character in the era of globalization, Masigit Village, Citangkil Village, Cilegon City. What factors can influence the formation of children's character in the era of globalization, Masigit Village, Citangkil Village, Cilegon City. What efforts are made by parents in shaping children's character in the era of globalization in Masigit Village, Citangkil Village, Cilegon City. This study aims to determine the role of parents in shaping children's character in the era of globalization in Masigit Village, Citangkil Village, Cilegon City. The subjects of this study were 6 parents and 6 children in Masigit Village, Citangkil Village, Cilegon City. This research uses descriptive qualitative research methods. Data analysis in qualitative research is by doing data reduction, data presentation, and data verification. The results of this study indicate that the role of parents in Masigit Village, Citangkil Village, Cilegon City has been good in shaping children's character in the era of globalization.


2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 1777-1783
Author(s):  
Nevita Candra Pangestika ◽  
Eka Budiarto

AbstractSchizophrenia is a mental illness that has a long-term impact. One of the symptoms of schizophrenia is hallucinations. Hallucinations are perceptual disturbances in which the client perceives something that does not exist. One of the things that families do is help family members by playing a role in assisting the clients in controlling hallucinations. The study aimed to determine the role of the family in reducing the hallucination symptoms of schizophrenic patients based on the available evidence. The literature review used Scopus, Science Direct, and GARUDA databases. Articles are selected based on the suitability of keywords, topics, as well as inclusion and exclusion criteria. The appraisal instrument by Hawker was used to select high-quality evidence. The findings of this study highlighted three levels of family roles in reducing symptoms of hallucinations in schizophrenic patients. The first level, the family must be able to see the patient's needs and maintain parental closeness. The second level, the family must be able to provide financial support for patient care, the family should be involved in groups that provide support as well. The third levels, all families must develop a good relationship to help patients with hallucinations to change their attitudes and behavior. Family roles are essential in reducing symptoms of hallucination in schizophrenic patients. This evidence can be used as scientific references to be applied as nursing care interventions.Keywords: Family Roles, Hallucinations, Schizophrenia AbstrakSkizofrenia merupakan penyakit kejiwaan yang memiliki dampak jangka panjang. Salah satu tanda gejala skizofrenia adalah halusinasi. Halusinasi ialah gangguan persepsi di mana klien mempersepsikan sesuatu yang sebenarnya tidak terjadi. Salah satu yang di lakukan keluarga ialah membantu anggota keluarganya dengan cara ikut berperan membantu klien untuk bisa mengontrol halusinasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran keluarga dalam menurunkan tanda gejala halusinasi pasien skizofrenia berdasarkan literatur evidence yang tersedia. Penelitian menggunakan metode literature review. Database yang digunakan untuk pencarian artikel adalah Scopus, Science Direct, dan GARUDA. Artikel diseleksi berdasarkan kesesuaian dengan kata kunci, topik serta kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi yang telah ditentukan. Hasil penelusuran didapatkan sebanyak 5 artikel, 2 artikel berbahasa Inggris dan 3 artikel berbahasa Indonesia. Instrumen telaah kritis yang digunakan untuk menelaah kualitas artikel adalah instrumen oleh Hawker et al 2002. Terdapat temuan berupa 3 tingkatan peran keluarga dalam menurunkan tanda gejala halusinasi pasien skizofrenia : tingkatan pertama keluarga harus mampu melihat kebutuhan pasien dan mempertahankan kedekatan orangtua, Tingkatan kedua keluarga harus mampu memberikan dukungan financial untuk perawatan pasien dan terlibatan dalam kelompok yang member dukungan dan Tingkatan ketiga keluarga harus mengembangkan hubungan dengan benar untuk membantu pasien halusinasi untuk merubah sikap dan perilaku. Upaya peningkatan peran keluarga dalam menurunkan tanda gejala halusinasi pasien skizofrenia ini didapatkan dari bukti ilmiah yang valid sehingga dapat dijadikan referensi ilmiah untuk diaplikasikan sebagai intervensi asuhan keperawatan.Kata Kunci : Halusinasi, Peran Keluarga, Skizofrenia.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-66
Author(s):  
Muh. Mustakim ◽  
Kana Safrina Rouzi ◽  
Tumin Tumin

The COVID-19 pandemic has implications for changing the attitudes and behavior of the world community, including in the field of education. The Indonesian government, in this case, has decided to study from home (BDR) for schools to universities in addition to the work from home (WFH) policy. BDR challenges have both advantages and disadvantages. Among the weaknesses that need to be watched out for is the burnout of children in online learning from home, which cannot be denied because similar conditions are also experienced by parents, which erode the enthusiasm for learning to spirituality in the family. Therefore, this paper examines how to reconstruct the spiritualization of education for children in families amid COVID-19. This qualitative research used a descriptive approach, describing the data obtained from the interpretation of the term "tazkiyah" in the Qur’an and verses related to children's education to be contextualized into building the spiritualization concept of children's education in the perspective of Qur'anic Sufism. As part of the literature research, the data analysis adopted Gadamer's hermeneutics developed by Fakhrudin Faiz that hermeneutics revolves around text, context, and contextualization. The results showed that parents have a major role in children's education amid COVID-19 as the prominent educators in the family. These findings corroborate the opinions of Comenius, Nasih Ulwan, Abdurrahaman An-Nahlawi, and Ki Hajar Dewantara about the importance of family education. The spiritualization of children's education in the perspective of Quranic Sufism integrates the three theologies in religion as proposed by Barbour, namely the theology of revelation, natural theology, and religious experience. Therefore, the spiritualization of children's education is a necessity.


2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-172
Author(s):  
Ni Made Wiratini ◽  
Ni Komang Sutriyanti ◽  
I Gusti Ngurah Sudiana

Hindu teachings contain a lot about character education, morals, ethics and manners. Moral education can be seen in the story of Sundara Kanda, which is a sub of Itihasa in the Ramayana epic that tells the journey of life with various obstacles and tests that must be faced with full fortitude, strength and determination. Every event that occurs in the Sundara Kanda story is a unified narrative unit in resolving the conflict of every event. The setting in this story uses the setting of Mount Mainaka, Alengka Palace, Taman Angsoka, Kiskinda kingdom. The character is Hanuman who becomes a central figure, then there are goddesses Sitā and Ravana. The accompanying figures are Trijata, Wibisana, Anggada, Jembawan, Sugriwa, Laksmana and Rama. Rahwana as the Antagonist, then there are also giants. His mandate is loyalty and determination in carrying out dharma. Character characters contained in the Sundara Kanda story include characterization displayed through the use of the character's name, through the appearance of the character, and characterization through the author's speech. In accordance with the characters contained in Hindu teachings, namely in the book of Bhagawadgita, the characters in the Sundara Kanda story can be grouped into two characters namely daivi sampad and asuri sampad. The values ​​contained in the character of the Sundara Kanda story include religious, honesty, responsibility, tolerance, discipline, and hard work. As a whole, the character's character value is a national character that should be inculcated and developed to the wider community, in order to shape the attitudes and behavior of a person in carrying out the duties and obligations that should be carried out both towards oneself, the family environment, society, nation and state.


1974 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 387-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. G. H. Smals ◽  
P. W. C. Kloppenborg ◽  
T. J. Benraad

ABSTRACT Basal plasma testosterone levels (mean ± sd 290 ± 141 ng/100 ml) (range 72–684 ng/100 ml) in 25 chromatin positive patients with Klinefelter's syndrome (23 XXY, 1 XXYY, 1 XY/XXY) were significantly lower than in 25 age matched controls (mean ± sd 603 ± 169 ng/100 ml). In 11 out of the 25 Klinefelter patients however, plasma testosterone levels were in the normal range and these patients differed significantly from the patients with low testosterone levels with respect to the clinical state of androgenicity. In the group of Klinefelter patients, but not in the controls, a significant negative correlationship was found between plasma testosterone levels and each of the variables: body weight, arm span, length of the lower body segment and the ratio's lower/upper and span/upper body segment.


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