scholarly journals Relationships between pigment ratios and growth irradiance in 11 marine phytoplankton species

2011 ◽  
Vol 425 ◽  
pp. 63-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Laviale ◽  
J Neveux
Keyword(s):  
Marine Phytoplankton ◽  
Phytoplankton Species ◽  
Growth Irradiance ◽  
Pigment Ratios

scholarly journals Effects of spectral light quality on the growth, productivity, and elemental ratios in differently pigmented marine phytoplankton species

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. L. Bercel ◽  
S. A. Kranz
Keyword(s):  
Light Quality ◽  
Light Emitting Diode ◽  
Marine Phytoplankton ◽  
Phytoplankton Species ◽  
Spectral Quality ◽  
Elemental Ratios ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Light Spectra ◽  
Synechococcus Sp ◽  
Pigment Ratios

AbstractEffects of light quality on the growth, productivity, and cellular composition of three uniquely pigmented marine phytoplankton species were characterized. To accomplish this, cultures of Prochlorococcus marinus, Synechococcus sp., and Thalassiosira weissflogii were grown under three commercially available LEDs as well as a fluorescent growth light. Despite having equal photosynthetically active radiation, light quality and thus photosynthetically usable radiation differed between the treatments. Growth was unaffected in all species tested, yet primary productivity was affected in P. marinus and Synechococcus sp. All species regulated cellular carbon and nitrogen quotas as a direct response to light spectra, while cellular chlorophyll a was regulated in Synechococcus sp. and T. weissflogii only. Analysis of pigment ratios revealed minor acclimations in some of the cultures and photophysiological analysis indicated changes in the photoacclimation state between different light environments. These results show that while the species used in our experiment are able to maintain growth when exposed to lights of varying quality, underlying cellular metabolism and biochemistry can be affected. The data presented here highlight the importance of carefully choosing a lighting environment with a defined spectral quality when designing laboratory-based experiments or setting up bioreactors for biomass generation.HighlightWith light emitting diode-based growth lights becoming available to researchers, it is important to consider the spectral quality of light when designing experiments to understand responses of phytoplankton to environmental conditions.

scholarly journals Phenylhydrazone and Quinazoline Derivatives from the Cold-Seep-Derived Fungus Penicillium oxalicum

Marine Drugs ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Ya-Ping Liu ◽  
Sheng-Tao Fang ◽  
Zhen-Zhen Shi ◽  
Bin-Gui Wang ◽  
Xiao-Nian Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Sea ◽  
Spectroscopic Data ◽  
2D Nmr ◽  
Penicillium Oxalicum ◽  
Marine Phytoplankton ◽  
Cold Seep ◽  
Phytoplankton Species ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Crystallography ◽  
Quinazoline Derivatives

Three new phenylhydrazones, penoxahydrazones A–C (compounds 1–3), and two new quinazolines, penoxazolones A (compound 4) and B (compound 5), with unique linkages were isolated from the fungus Penicillium oxalicum obtained from the deep sea cold seep. Their structures and relative configurations were assigned by analysis of 1D/2D NMR and mass spectroscopic data, and the absolute configurations of 1, 4, and 5 were established on the basis of X-ray crystallography or ECD calculations. Compound 1 represents the first natural phenylhydrazone-bearing steroid, while compounds 2 and 3 are rarely occurring phenylhydrazone tautomers. Compounds 4 and 5 are enantiomers that feature quinazoline and cinnamic acid units. Some isolates exhibited inhibition of several marine phytoplankton species and marine-derived bacteria.

scholarly journals Cyclonerane Derivatives from the Algicolous Endophytic Fungus Trichoderma asperellum A-YMD-9-2

Marine Drugs ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yin-Ping Song ◽  
Feng-Ping Miao ◽  
Xiang-Hong Liu ◽  
Xiu-Li Yin ◽  
Nai-Yun Ji
Keyword(s):  
Endophytic Fungus ◽  
Structural Diversity ◽  
2D Nmr ◽  
Red Alga ◽  
Gracilaria Verrucosa ◽  
Marine Phytoplankton ◽  
Spectroscopic Techniques ◽  
Phytoplankton Species ◽  
Trichoderma Asperellum ◽  
Potent Inhibition

Seven previously unreported cyclonerane derivatives, namely, 3,7,11-trihydroxycycloneran-10-one, cycloneran-3,7,10,11-tetraol, cycloneran-3,7,11-triol, 11,12,15-trinorcycloneran-3,7,10-triol, 7,10S-epoxycycloneran-3,15-diol, 7,10R-epoxycycloneran-3,15-diol, and (10Z)-15-acetoxy-10-cycloneren-3,7-diol, were isolated in addition to the known (10Z)-cyclonerotriol, (10E)-cyclonerotriol, catenioblin C, and chokol E from the culture of Trichoderma asperellum A-YMD-9-2, an endophytic fungus obtained from the marine red alga Gracilaria verrucosa. The structures of previously unreported compounds were established by spectroscopic techniques, including 1D/2D NMR, MS, and IR. The isolation of these new cyclonerane derivatives greatly adds to the structural diversity of unusual cyclonerane sesquiterpenes, and several isolates exhibit potent inhibition against some marine phytoplankton species.

scholarly journals Swift thermal reaction norm evolution in a key marine phytoplankton species

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1156-1164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luisa Listmann ◽  
Maxime LeRoch ◽  
Lothar Schlüter ◽  
Mridul K. Thomas ◽  
Thorsten B. H. Reusch
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Norm ◽  
Thermal Reaction ◽  
Marine Phytoplankton ◽  
Phytoplankton Species ◽  
Norm Evolution

scholarly journals Global pattern of phytoplankton diversity driven by temperature and environmental variability

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. eaau6253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Damiano Righetti ◽  
Meike Vogt ◽  
Nicolas Gruber ◽  
Achilleas Psomas ◽  
Niklaus E. Zimmermann
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Environmental Variability ◽  
Species Turnover ◽  
Marine Phytoplankton ◽  
Marine Biodiversity ◽  
Phytoplankton Species ◽  
Global Pattern ◽  
Phytoplankton Diversity ◽  
Biogeographic Patterns ◽  
Theoretical Predictions

Despite their importance to ocean productivity, global patterns of marine phytoplankton diversity remain poorly characterized. Although temperature is considered a key driver of general marine biodiversity, its specific role in phytoplankton diversity has remained unclear. We determined monthly phytoplankton species richness by using niche modeling and >540,000 global phytoplankton observations to predict biogeographic patterns of 536 phytoplankton species. Consistent with metabolic theory, phytoplankton richness in the tropics is about three times that in higher latitudes, with temperature being the most important driver. However, below 19°C, richness is lower than expected, with ~8°– 14°C waters (~35° to 60° latitude) showing the greatest divergence from theoretical predictions. Regions of reduced richness are characterized by maximal species turnover and environmental variability, suggesting that the latter reduces species richness directly, or through enhancing competitive exclusion. The nonmonotonic relationship between phytoplankton richness and temperature suggests unanticipated complexity in responses of marine biodiversity to ocean warming.

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