scholarly journals Effects of spectral light quality on the growth, productivity, and elemental ratios in differently pigmented marine phytoplankton species

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. L. Bercel ◽  
S. A. Kranz
Keyword(s):  
Light Quality ◽  
Light Emitting Diode ◽  
Marine Phytoplankton ◽  
Phytoplankton Species ◽  
Spectral Quality ◽  
Elemental Ratios ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Light Spectra ◽  
Synechococcus Sp ◽  
Pigment Ratios

AbstractEffects of light quality on the growth, productivity, and cellular composition of three uniquely pigmented marine phytoplankton species were characterized. To accomplish this, cultures of Prochlorococcus marinus, Synechococcus sp., and Thalassiosira weissflogii were grown under three commercially available LEDs as well as a fluorescent growth light. Despite having equal photosynthetically active radiation, light quality and thus photosynthetically usable radiation differed between the treatments. Growth was unaffected in all species tested, yet primary productivity was affected in P. marinus and Synechococcus sp. All species regulated cellular carbon and nitrogen quotas as a direct response to light spectra, while cellular chlorophyll a was regulated in Synechococcus sp. and T. weissflogii only. Analysis of pigment ratios revealed minor acclimations in some of the cultures and photophysiological analysis indicated changes in the photoacclimation state between different light environments. These results show that while the species used in our experiment are able to maintain growth when exposed to lights of varying quality, underlying cellular metabolism and biochemistry can be affected. The data presented here highlight the importance of carefully choosing a lighting environment with a defined spectral quality when designing laboratory-based experiments or setting up bioreactors for biomass generation.HighlightWith light emitting diode-based growth lights becoming available to researchers, it is important to consider the spectral quality of light when designing experiments to understand responses of phytoplankton to environmental conditions.

scholarly journals Genotype × Light Quality Interaction on Rose Architecture

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 913
Author(s):  
Laurent Crespel ◽  
Camille Le Bras ◽  
Thomas Amoroso ◽  
Mateo Gabriel Unda Ulloa ◽  
Philippe Morel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Architecture ◽  
Light Quality ◽  
Branching Processes ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Stem Length ◽  
Specific Response ◽  
Knock Out ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Light Spectra ◽  
Genetic And Environmental Factors

Plant shape, and thereby plant architecture, is a major component of the visual quality of ornamental plants. Plant architecture results from growth and branching processes and is dependent on genetic and environmental factors such as light quality. The effects of genotype and light quality and their interaction were evaluated on rose bush architecture. In a climatic growth chamber, three cultivars (Baipome, Knock Out® Radrazz and ‘The Fairy’) with contrasting architecture were exposed to three different light spectra, using white (W), red (R), and far-red (FR) light-emitting diodes (LEDs), i.e., W, WR, and WRFR. The R/FR ratio varied between treatments, ranging from 7.5 for WRFR to 23.2 for WR. Light intensity (224.6 μmol m−2 s−1) was the same for all treatments. Plants were grown up to the order 1 axis flowering stage, and their architecture was digitized at two observation scales—plant and axis. Highly significant genotype and light quality effects were revealed for most of the variables measured. An increase in stem length, in the number of axes and in the number of flowered axes was observed under the FR enriched light, WRFR. However, a strong genotype × light quality interaction, i.e., a genotype-specific response was highlighted. More in-depth eco-physiological and biochemical investigations are needed to better understand rose behavior in response to light quality and thus identify the determinants of the genotype × light quality interaction.

Changes in light spectra modify secondary compound concentrations and BVOC emissions of Norway spruce seedlings

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minna Kivimäenpää ◽  
Virpi Virjamo ◽  
Rajendra Prasad Ghimire ◽  
Jarmo Holopainen ◽  
Riitta Julkunen-Tiitto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Norway Spruce ◽  
Blue Light ◽  
White Light ◽  
Carbon Allocation ◽  
Light Emitting Diode ◽  
Abiotic Stress Tolerance ◽  
Photon Flux ◽  
Emission Rates ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Light Spectra

Our objective was to study how changes in the light spectra affects growth, carbohydrate, chlorophyll, carotenoid, terpene, alkaloid and phenolic concentrations, and BVOC (biogenic volatile organic compound) emissions of Norway spruce (Picea abies) seedlings. This study was conducted during the growth of the third needle generation in plant growth chambers. Two light spectra with the main difference in proportion of blue light (400-500 nm) and equal photon flux densities were provided by LED (light-emitting diode) lamps: 1) control (white light + 12 % blue light) and 2) increased blue light (+B) (white light + 45% blue light). The +B treatment increased needle concentrations of total flavonoids and acetophenones. The major changes in the phenolic profile were an accumulation of astragalin derivatives and the aglycone of picein. +B decreased concentrations of the main alkaloid compound, epidihydropinidine, and it’s precursor, 2-methyl-6-propyl-1,6-piperideine, emission rates of limonene, myrcene and total monoterpenes, and concentrations of a few terpenoid compounds, mainly in stems. Growth, needle carbohydrates and pigments were not affected. The results suggest that supplemental blue light shifts carbon allocation between secondary metabolism routes, from alkaloid and terpenoid synthesis to flavonoid and acetophenone synthesis. The changes may affect herbivory and abiotic stress tolerance of Norway spruce.

scholarly journals LED Lights Affecting Morphogenesis and Isosteroidal Alkaloid Contents in Fritillaria cirrhosa D. Don—An Important Chinese Medicinal Herb

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1351
Author(s):  
Chia-Chen Chen ◽  
Maw-Rong Lee ◽  
Chi-Rei Wu ◽  
Hsin-Ju Ke ◽  
Hui-Min Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Light Emitting Diode ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Gelling Agent ◽  
Embryogenic Calli ◽  
Chinese Medicinal Herb ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Light Spectra ◽  
Led Lights ◽  
Fritillaria Cirrhosa

Investigations were carried out to study the effects of light-emitting diode (LED) lights on growth and development of isosteroidal alkaloids in embryogenic calli of Fritillaria cirrhosa D. Don, an important traditional Chinese medicine herb. Calli were cultured in glass bottles, each containing 100 mL of Murashige and Skoog’s basal medium supplemented with 2% sucrose and 0.4% gellan gum powder, a gelling agent. These bottles were incubated in a specially designed plant growth chamber equipped with eight different LED lights consisting of single or combinations of four different light spectra emitting blue (450 nm), green (525 nm), red (660 nm), and far-red (730 nm) light. After three months of incubation, morphological changes in embryogenic calli were recorded, and LC-MS/MS analysis of cultures was carried out for peimisine, sipeimine, peiminine, and peimine. The highest number of somatic embryos and the maximum fresh weight was recorded in calli incubated under red (9R), infrared (9IR), and a combination of red+blue+infrared (3R3B3IR), respectively, in decreasing order. The highest contents of peimisine, peiminine, and peimine were recorded under red (9R) and infrared (9IR) lights, respectively. Eight LED lights had significant effects on the morphogenesis of embryogenic calli of F. cirrhosa D. Don and contents of isosteroidal alkaloids.

scholarly journals Filtering Light-Emitting Diodes to Investigate Amber and Red Spectral Effects on Lettuce Growth

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1075
Author(s):  
Bo-Sen Wu ◽  
Sarah MacPherson ◽  
Mark Lefsrud
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Photosynthetic Activity ◽  
Light Emitting Diode ◽  
Red Light ◽  
Plant Productivity ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Amber Light ◽  
Light Spectra ◽  
Future Work

Red and blue light are the principal wavelengths responsible for driving photosynthetic activity, yet amber light (595 nm) has the highest quantum efficiency and amber-rich high pressure sodium lamps result in superior or comparable plant performance. On this basis, we investigated how lettuce plant growth and photosynthetic activity were influenced by broad and narrow light spectra in the 590–630 nm range, by creating amber and red light-emitting diode (LED) spectra that are not commercially available. Four different light spectra were outfitted from existing LEDs using shortpass and notch filters: a double peak spectrum (595 and 655 nm; referred to as 595 + 655-nm light) that excluded 630-nm light, 595-nm, 613-nm, and 633-nm light emitting at an irradiance level of 50 W·m−2 (243–267 µmol·m−2·s−1). Shifting LED wavelengths from 595 nm to 633 nm and from 595 nm to 613 nm resulted in a biomass yield decrease of ~50% and ~80%, respectively. When 630-nm light is blocked, lettuce displayed expanded plant structures and the absence of purple pigmentation. This report presents a new and feasible approach to plant photobiology studies, by removing certain wavelengths to assess and investigate wavelength effect on plant growth and photosynthesis. Findings indicate that amber light is superior to red light for promoting photosynthetic activity and plant productivity, and this could set precedence for future work aimed at maximizing plant productivity in controlled environment agriculture.

Single-composition Al3+-singly doped ZnO phosphors for UV-pumped warm white light emitting diode applications

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Do Quang Trung ◽  
Nguyen Van Quang ◽  
Manh Trung Tran ◽  
Du Van Nguyen ◽  
Nguyen Tu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Light ◽  
Light Quality ◽  
Light Emitting Diode ◽  
Broad Band ◽  
Visible Spectrum ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Light Emitting Devices ◽  
Warm White Light ◽  
Doped Zno

The development of full-visible-spectrum phosphors is essential for next-generation light-emitting devices with better light quality. Herein, we report on a novel broad-band-emitting phosphor based on single-composition Al-doped ZnO phosphor. Under...

scholarly journals Behavior of broilers subjected to different light spectra and illuminances

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 415-421
Author(s):  
Aline C. Lucena ◽  
Héliton Pandorfi ◽  
Gledson L. P. Almeida ◽  
Cristiane Guiselini ◽  
José E. M. Araújo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Light Emitting Diode ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Light Spectra ◽  
White Band ◽  
Behavioral Variables ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Mixed Batch ◽  
The Ideal

ABSTRACT The ideal illuminance in poultry houses for broiler chickens may lead to improvement in housing efficiency and broiler welfare. In this context, the objective of this research was to evaluate the behavior and welfare of broiler chickens under effect of illuminance by light-emitting diode (LED) in white band (400-760 nm) and blue/green band (470-525 nm). The experiment was conducted from October to December 2017, in the municipality of Carpina, PE, Brazil, and had 384-oneday-old chicks (mixed batch), Cobb 500 strain. The adopted design was completely randomized, in a 4 x 2 factorial scheme, corresponding to four illuminances, 5 lx (I1), 20 lx (I2), 150 lx (I3) and 5-20 lx (5 lx in the 1st, 2nd and 6th weeks and 20 lx in the 3rd, 4th and 5th weeks - I4), and two light spectra using LED bars, RGB type, in white (400-760 nm) color (C1) and blue/green (470-525 nm) dichromatic color (C2), with three repetitions. A continuous lighting program was used, 18 h of light and 6 h of dark per day. Ingestive, posture, comfort and natural behaviors, aggressiveness and discomfort of the broiler were evaluated. Broiler behavioral variables were determined by the frequency of the events and their probability of occurrence by the Chi-square test. Broilers subjected to wavelengths in the blue/green range and illuminance of 20 lx and 5-20 lx showed more significant ingestive and comfort behaviors, which demonstrates better welfare under these housing conditions.

scholarly journals Growth of Impatiens, Petunia, Salvia, and Tomato Seedlings under Blue, Green, and Red Light-emitting Diodes

HortScience ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 734-740 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heidi Marie Wollaeger ◽  
Erik S. Runkle
Keyword(s):  
Light Quality ◽  
Light Emitting Diode ◽  
Red Light ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Photon Flux ◽  
Fluorescent Light ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
Specialty Crops ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Shoot Weight

Plant growth and architecture are regulated in part by light quality. We performed experiments to better understand how young plants acclimate to blue (B), green (G), and red (R) light and how those responses can be used to produce plants with desirable morphological characteristics. We grew seedlings of impatiens (Impatiens walleriana), salvia (Salvia splendens), petunia (Petunia ×hybrida), and tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) under six sole-source light-emitting diode (LED) treatments or one cool-white fluorescent treatment that each delivered a photosynthetic photon flux (PPF) of 160 µmol·m−2·s–1 for 18 h·d−1. Leaf number was similar among treatments, but plants grown under 25% or greater B light were 41% to 57% shorter than those under only R light. Plants under R light had 47% to 130% greater leaf area and 48% to 112% greater fresh shoot weight than plants grown under treatments with 25% or greater B. Plants grown under only R had a fresh shoot weight similar to that of those grown under fluorescent light for all species except tomato. In impatiens, flower bud number at harvest generally increased with B light, whereas in tomato, the number of leaflets with intumescences decreased with B light. This research discusses how light quality can be manipulated for desired growth characteristics of young plants, which is important in the production of specialty crops such as ornamentals, herbs, and microgreens.

Improvement light-emitting diode certification using multi-criteria decision-making method methods

2021 ◽  
pp. 147715352110326
Author(s):  
Lorenna B Oliveira ◽  
Júlia F Araujo ◽  
Marcio Z Fortes ◽  
Níssia CR Bergiante ◽  
Vitor H Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Light Quality ◽  
Light Emitting Diode ◽  
Technical Information ◽  
Accreditation Body ◽  
Multi Criteria Decision Making ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Led Lighting ◽  
Equipment Reliability ◽  
Efficiency And Reliability

The Brazilian economic scenario promotes sustainable development by, among other actions, reducing the pressure on the expansion of electricity capacity. Furthermore, efficiency and reliability may be achieved through regulations and standardised production. From this perspective, there is a steadfast need for continuous improvement in the process of certification of products in the country. This shall apply to the energy sector, in which certifications of LED (light-emitting diode) lamps are part of the Brazilian Labelling Program (PBE), coordinated by Inmetro (Brazilian accreditation body). PBE seeks to provide technical information about the products to support consumers’ choices, stimulating industry competitiveness and improve equipment reliability. From this standpoint, this article seeks to present an analysis of the certification process of LED lamps to propose reviewing requirements into the current label which might help to change the consumers’ energy consumption-related decision-making using the multi-criteria decision-making method (MCDM), TOPSIS. To this end, not only energy efficiency was observed but also other aspects of generated light quality and power quality currently considered as requirements for compulsory LED lighting certification.

scholarly journals Light-Emitting Diode Power Conversion Capability and CO2 Fixation Rate of Microalgae Biofilm Cultured Under Different Light Spectra

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1536
Author(s):  
Hao Yuan ◽  
Yi Wang ◽  
Yanaoming Xi ◽  
Zeyi Jiang ◽  
Xinru Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Co2 Fixation ◽  
Light Emitting Diode ◽  
Power Conversion ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Fixation Rate ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
White Leds ◽  
Light Spectra ◽  
Co2 Fixation Rate ◽  
Green Leds

Microalgae biofilm-based culture has attracted much interest due to its high harvest efficiency and low energy requirements. Using light-emitting diodes (LEDs) as light source for microalgae culture has been considered as a promising choice to enhance the economic feasibility of microalgae-based commodities. In this work, the LED power conversion capability and CO2 fixation rate of microalgae biofilms (Chlorella ellipsoidea and Chlorella pyrenoidosa) cultured under different light spectra (white, blue, green and red) were studied. The results indicated that the power-to-biomass conversion capabilities of these two microalgae biofilms cultured under blue and white LEDs were much higher than those under green and red LEDs (C. ellipsoidea: 32%–33% higher, C. pyrenoidosa: 34%–46% higher), and their power-to-lipid conversion capabilities cultured under blue LEDs were 61%–66% higher than those under green LEDs. The CO2 fixation rates of these two biofilms cultured under blue LEDs were 13% and 31% higher, respectively, than those under green LEDs. The results of this study have important implications for selecting the optimal energy-efficient LEDs using in microalgae biofilm-based culture systems.

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