scholarly journals Environmental effects of the COVID-19 pandemic from a (marine) ecological perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 41-55
Author(s):  
M Coll
Keyword(s):  
Human Population ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Modern Human ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Ecological Perspective ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Natural Systems ◽  
Management Measures

The 2019-2020 pandemic of the SARS-CoV-2 virus—the cause of the novel COVID-19 disease—is an exceptional moment in modern human history. The abrupt and intense cessation of human activities in the first months of the pandemic, when large parts of the global human population were in lockdown, had noticeable effects on the environment that can serve to identify key learning experiences to foster a deep reflection on the human relationship with nature, and their interdependence. There are precious lessons to be learned. A global, tangible threat was needed to trigger a global lockdown, where different societies adopted different strategies and management measures to adapt or transform their activities. Humanity is still coming to terms with how to relaunch the economy while preventing further outbreaks. Here, I summarize the immediate positive and negative effects that the pandemic has had on the natural environment, with emphasis on marine ecosystems. I reflect on key lessons learned from this unprecedented situation so far. The essential role that the oceans play in maintaining the functioning of natural systems and key socio-economic activities is exceptionally relevant, and I discuss key not-to-miss opportunities to add the ‘Blue Recovery’ to the international agenda under the new ‘Build Back Better’ or ‘Healthy Recovery’ context after the acute phase of COVID-19. Achieving sustainable use of the ocean is one of the grand challenges of the new decade, and marine ecologists must play a more proactive role.

scholarly journals The Experiences of Grief and Personal Growth in University Students: A Qualitative Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1899
Author(s):  
Jovita Tan ◽  
Karl Andriessen
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Personal Growth ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Continuing Bonds ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Supportive Services ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Formal Services

Background: Experiencing the death of a close person, especially in emerging adults and students, can have profound effects on the bereaved individual’s life. As most research in this field has focused on negative effects of a loss, little is known about potential positive effects experienced by bereaved university students. This study investigated the experience of grief and personal growth in a sample of students from The University of Melbourne, Australia. Methods: Semi-structured interviews via Zoom/telephone with bereaved students (n = 14), who were invited to reflect on their loss and any personal growth potentially experienced. Thematic analysis of the data was based on a deductive and inductive approach. Results: The analysis identified four themes: (i) sharing of grief as a coping mechanism, (ii) balance between grief reactions and moving forward in life, (iii) lessons learned and personal growth, and (iv) adopting values from the deceased person and continuing bonds. Conclusions: Participants emphasized personal growth regarding self-perception and philosophical views on life. Following the loss, they preferred peer support, and used formal services only when they had a specific need. The findings indicate the importance of social support for bereaved students, and the complimentary role of peer and professional support. Hence, academic institutions should offer supportive services tailored to both students and professionals to help bereaved students.

scholarly journals Pandemic Prevention: Lessons from COVID-19

Encyclopedia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 433-444
Author(s):  
Mario Coccia
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Health System ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Policy Responses

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which appeared in late 2019, generating a pandemic crisis with high numbers of COVID-19-related infected individuals and deaths in manifold countries worldwide. Lessons learned from COVID-19 can be used to prevent pandemic threats by designing strategies to support different policy responses, not limited to the health system, directed to reduce the risks of the emergence of novel viral agents, the diffusion of infectious diseases and negative impact in society.

scholarly journals Building Telemedicine Capacity for Trainees During the Novel Coronavirus Outbreak: a Case Study and Lessons Learned

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (9) ◽  
pp. 2675-2679 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharine Lawrence ◽  
Kathleen Hanley ◽  
Jennifer Adams ◽  
Daniel J Sartori ◽  
Richard Greene ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lessons Learned ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

scholarly journals An ecocultural model predicts Neanderthal extinction through competition with modern humans

2016 ◽  
Vol 113 (8) ◽  
pp. 2134-2139 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Gilpin ◽  
Marcus W. Feldman ◽  
Kenichi Aoki
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Change ◽  
Human Population ◽  
Competitive Exclusion ◽  
Modern Human ◽  
Learning Ability ◽  
Volterra Model ◽  
Modern Humans ◽  
Interacting Species ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Cultural Competition

Archaeologists argue that the replacement of Neanderthals by modern humans was driven by interspecific competition due to a difference in culture level. To assess the cogency of this argument, we construct and analyze an interspecific cultural competition model based on the Lotka−Volterra model, which is widely used in ecology, but which incorporates the culture level of a species as a variable interacting with population size. We investigate the conditions under which a difference in culture level between cognitively equivalent species, or alternatively a difference in underlying learning ability, may produce competitive exclusion of a comparatively (although not absolutely) large local Neanderthal population by an initially smaller modern human population. We find, in particular, that this competitive exclusion is more likely to occur when population growth occurs on a shorter timescale than cultural change, or when the competition coefficients of the Lotka−Volterra model depend on the difference in the culture levels of the interacting species.

scholarly journals The health effects of quarantine during the COVID-19 pandemic

Work ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 523-527
Author(s):  
Maryam Feiz Arefi ◽  
Amin Babaei-Pouya ◽  
Mohsen Poursadeqiyan
Keyword(s):  
Health Effects ◽  
World Health ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Social Hygiene ◽  
Social Communications ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Made In

BACKGROUND: Quarantine is considered as an effective solution in the early stages of an epidemic. In the case of the coronavirus epidemic, quarantine was also recommended and implemented as a significant guideline to prevent the disease. However, despite the benefits of quarantine, there are also complications and problems. OBJECTIVE: The present study aimed to investigate the health effects of quarantine during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: This study was conducted as a literature review through searching the databases Google Scholar, PubMed, and Science Direct for papers published before July 2020. The research was conducted based on the keywords “Coronavirus,” “COVID-19,” and “quarantine.” The references of the papers were also reviewed to find the ones not found in the databases. The guidelines published by reputable organizations such as the World Health Organization (WHO) and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) were used in this study. RESULTS: Although quarantine is applied as an important and primary solution in the outbreak of epidemics, in cases of pandemics, it may not be free of negative effects on individuals and public health. However, because of the need to reopen and restart social and economic activities, some changes should be made in lifestyles and work activities. Using cyberspace and telework can be helpful. As the findings showed, COVID-19 bubbles can be used to restore social communications. CONCLUSION: Using masks, avoiding unnecessary gatherings, complying with personal and social hygiene, and respecting social distancing can be valuable solutions that, if implemented properly, can decrease the rate of the disease significantly. It is also emphasized that quarantine is still necessary and important as the best solution for sick people and individuals who are suspected carriers of the disease.

scholarly journals Governments’ Measures to Govern the Coronavirus Crisis and the Lessons Learned

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 17-31
Author(s):  
Saqer Sulaiman
Keyword(s):  
International Cooperation ◽  
International Community ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
International Crises ◽  
Human Capabilities ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
International Coordination ◽  
Real Challenge

Since its appearance in late 2019 in China, the Coronavirus pandemic has posed a real challenge to humanity and  governments. No country was safe from the effects of the virus, whether from a medical, economic, or social point of  view. In the absence of international coordination, countries began to rely on their own capabilities to curb the pandemic  and mitigate its negative effects. To achieve these goals, different strategies and measures have been adopted. Despite  the challenges governments faced, these measures definitely helped alleviate the severity of the epidemic and slowed its  spread. These measures include, but are not limited to, lockdown, border restrictions, home quarantine, the imposition of  wearing masks and social distancing. This crisis stresses the importance of a country’s financial, technical and human  capabilities in governing crises. Moreover, it revealed that the absence of international cooperation in managing  international crises has dire consequences for the international community.

scholarly journals Menjadi Korban yang Disalahkan dalam Novel Permata dalam Lumpur Karya Satria Nova dan Nur Huda

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (01) ◽  
pp. 86-97
Author(s):  
Eva Fauziyanti Sutomo
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Violence Against Women ◽  
Research Method ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Semiotic Analysis ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Populated Area ◽  
Street Vendors ◽  
Sex Worker ◽  
Ferdinand De Saussure

Surabaya is the second largest city after Jakarta, as the second largest city, Surabaya is a densely populated area, can be found various kinds of informal economic activities that have existed since colonial times, ranging from street vendors to prostitution. Dolly is an exclusive area located in Surabaya. This region is tehe largest prostitution in Indonesia, even beating in Southeast Asia. Research on the Permata In the Mud novel by Satria Nova and Nur Huda focuses on the representation of the meaning of violence on prostitutes, to lead us to a thought that criticizes every form of violence against women. This research method is a qualitative analysis, using Ferdinand de Saussure's semiotic analysis, which looks at markers and markers. The data used in the form of texts that describe violence against prostitutes in the novel Permata Dalam Lumpur, which is read repeatedly. The results found several meanings of violence on prostitutes obtained from several chapters. The results showed that the Permata novel in the mud contained the meaning of violence on prostitutes. In this study also found that one commercial sex worker is a victim of a pimp. Keywords: Ferdinand de Saussure; novel; semiotics; violence against prostitutes

scholarly journals Beginning to See the Light: Lessons Learned From the Development of the Circadian System for Optimizing Light Conditions in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esther M. Hazelhoff ◽  
Jeroen Dudink ◽  
Johanna H. Meijer ◽  
Laura Kervezee
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Circadian System ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Preterm Neonates ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Beneficial Effects

The circadian timing system optimizes health by temporally coordinating behavior and physiology. During mammalian gestation, fetal circadian rhythms are synchronized by the daily fluctuations in maternal body temperature, hormones and nutrients. Circadian disruption during pregnancy is associated with negative effects on developmental outcomes in the offspring, highlighting the importance of regular and robust 24-h rhythms over gestation. In the case of preterm birth (before 37 weeks of gestation), maternal cues no longer synchronize the neonate’s circadian system, which may adversely affect the neonate. There is increasing evidence that introducing robust light-dark cycles in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit has beneficial effects on clinical outcomes in preterm infants, such as weight gain and hospitalization time, compared to infants exposed to constant light or constant near-darkness. However, the biological basis for these effects and the relationship with the functional and anatomical development of the circadian system is not fully understood. In this review, we provide a concise overview of the effects of light-dark cycles on clinical outcomes of preterm neonates in the NICU and its alignment with the development of the circadian system.

scholarly journals Building resilience in the war zone against hidden injury

2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cait McMahon
Keyword(s):  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Loss Of Life ◽  
War Zone ◽  
Building Resilience ◽  
Psychological Impacts ◽  
The Media ◽  
Media Professional ◽  
Personal Skills

Commentary: Psychological impacts of covering trauma such as war, or indeed any disaster with loss of life and tragedy, have the capacity to challenge the media professional to develop professional and personal skills.  ‘Lessons learned’ from experience will enhance capacity considerably; however there are also the potential negative effects that can cause harm to some.  These effects are rarely spoken about in the newsroom, nor are they generally included in any useable detail when journalists undergo hazardous environment training.

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