scholarly journals Implementation of autonomy principle in educational institutions of the Russian Federation

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 523-546
Author(s):  
Ivan V. Khudorozhkov ◽  
◽  
Elena A. Banks ◽  
Boris V. Ilyukhin ◽  
◽  
...  

Introduction. Contemporary challenges to the development of education imply the search and understanding of highly effective approaches and management methods. Experts who have conducted PISA studies in Western educational systems have identified a direct correlation between the autonomy of an educational institution and the results of its activities. The extrapolation of PISA results in the Russian education system is possible only with unified theoretical approaches to understanding the conceptual unit of "autonomy", the category "autonomy of an educational institution" and the principle of autonomy, as well as a sociological study, the respondents of which are the heads of educational institutions in Russia. The purpose hereof is a conceptual analysis of existing approaches to understanding the phenomena of "autonomy" and "autonomy of an educational institution" in the legal framework of the Russian education system, in domestic and foreign sources. A certain set of indicators of the phenomenon of autonomy in the Russian educational environment was used in this research as the main toolkit for achieving this goal. Materials and methods. The ideas of the systemic and activity approaches, the general scientific method of comparative analysis serve as the methodological basis of the research. The content-invariant foreign and domestic sources served as the platform for quantitative and qualitative content analysis. In addition to general scientific methods, within the framework of this research, a private scientific survey method was used in the form of a questionnaire survey of the heads of general educational institutions. More than 10 thousand school principals from 84 constituent entities of the Russian Federation took part in the experiment in the course of the sociological research "Autonomy of educational institutions: results and prospects". Research results. The study reveals the theoretical and practical aspects of the implementation of the autonomy principle in the educational system of the Russian Federation. The analysis of domestic and foreign thesaurus on the problem of the autonomy of an educational institution was carried out. The authors dwell in detail on the mechanisms for introducing the principle of autonomy in the educational process in Russia, identify existing obstacles to the implementation of the provisions declared in the legal field. Clustering of elements (indicators) that determine the degree of autonomy is significant for further research of the phenomenon of "autonomy of educational institutions".

Author(s):  
Elena Borisovna Barinova

This article presents a comprehensive analysis of the normative legal, methodological, and practical requirements towards implementation of inclusive education in the modern educational institution. The author examines the fundamental international legal acts ensuring the rights of persons with health limitations; list of laws ensuring implementation of inclusion into the Russian education; normative-legal documents regulating the efficient functioning of inclusive activity of educational institution in the Russian Federation; main methodological requirements towards implementation of inclusive education in the educational institution; requirements to practical results of implementation of the dynamic process of inclusive education. The article highlights the three key mechanisms of realization of inclusion: 1) development and realization of an individual curriculum; 2) devising a program of individual psychological and pedagogical support of a student; 3) development of intervention program that must become a part of the curriculum. The main conclusion lies in the thesis that inclusion is a dynamically developing process that contains the three independent sub-processes: educational process; assistance and support; socialization, integration to culture and system of social relations.


2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 837-843
Author(s):  
Natalya Valeryevna Levchenko

The article analyzes the risks faced by educational institutions in Russian regions. The study reveals the state of education in the regions of the Russian Federation and changes that have taken place in the educational processes according to adopted innovations. The features of the educational process in educational institutions of Russian cities are shown. The empirical basis of the study includes in-depth interviews conducted in ten Russian regions with headmasters and teachers of district schools, teachers of additional education, representatives of cultural and recreational institutions, and representatives of district administrations. Teachers' attitude towards the risks that arise in the education system has been analyzed.


Bibliosphere ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 39-47
Author(s):  
E. B. Artemyeva ◽  
I. G. Lakizo

Both the library education system and Russian education system as a whole undergo a period of large-scale transformations: changing concepts and technologies; revising educational standards of higher and secondary vocational education; developing the system of additional vocational training; forming the electronic educational environment in the practice of teaching students and listeners of the supplementary education system; searching ways for educational institutions and libraries joint development. It is advisable to create information and methodological support of activities in the field of continuous library education in such conditions. The database «Library Education Institutions» generated by SPSTL SB RAS is regarded to be a base of the unified information-educational space in the field of continuous library education, which information should be used to support the educational process of specialized institutions of all levels of education training and forms in the country. It represents the system of library education in the form of a hierarchy of different levels of education, a network of specialized educational institutions in the regions, different types of educational institutions, standard and individual educational curricula, etc. The database main objectives are the following: cumulating information; searching educational institutions, programs; providing statistical information on issues related to education in Russia. A user can create a model of continuous library education in a specific region and organize the work of educational institutions and libraries to improve the librarian professionalism applying the information provided by the database «Library Education Institutions» according to a complex query.


2021 ◽  
pp. 14-58
Author(s):  
Sergei Leonidovich Danilchenko

The author considers the regional aspects of the development of the national education system as a factor and resource of the economic and socio-cultural development of the Russian Federation. The main trends of sustainable development of Russian regions and regional educational systems are identified.


2021 ◽  
pp. 69-74
Author(s):  
Pyslar O.O.

One of the priority areas of modernization of the educational system in Ukraine is decentralization. That indicates the development of the industry on a democratic basis. As a result, educational institutions today have a high level of autonomy in various aspects of activities - from the preparation, adoption and implementation of internal documents that regulate the educational process and guide the vector of institution`s development (charter, development strategy, regulations of the educational process, etc.) to self-assessment activities.Today educational institutions have managerial and financial autonomy, that allows to create a democratic space in the field of education, where decisions are made by those who directly influenced by its consequences. In such circumstances, the head of the educational institution has the key role in the process of implementation of educational reforms in school, he is a translator of modernization changes in daily work. Not only the autonomy and expansion of the powers of the head of the educational institution increased, but also requirements for professional training of managerial staff, their knowledge, skills and competencies are strengthened. The introduction of new strategies and concepts, the needs for educational, financial management, planning and monitoring of activities in market conditions, the introduction of information and communication technologies, the use of distance-learning technologies require the head to acquire new professional competencies. The challenges faced by the education manager when organizing work in a pandemic, the need to respond quickly to changing and unpredictable external conditions require flexibility and speed of management decisions. Modernization of education during the independence of Ukraine has necessitated special training of managers and directed the focus of academic educators and managers to study the training of managers in the field of education.In the context of globalization and European integration, it is important to study the approaches and experiences of foreign countries. Because of similarity of historical conditions and culture, experience of Poland as our closest European neighbor is interesting for pedagogical analysis. As the process of decentralization in Ukraine is still in its becoming and the education system in Poland is already successfully implementing that, the object of study of the article is the training of managers in the field of education in Poland. The article considers the scientific and normative principles of educational management in Poland, defines the legal requirements for applicants for managers positions in educational institutions and analyzes the basic course plan for education management. Key words: educational management, head of educational institution, management in the education system, training of educational managers, decentralization of education. Одним із пріоритетних напрямків модернізації освітньої системи в Україні за часів незалежності є децентралізація, що свідчить про розвиток галузі на демократичних засадах. Як наслідок, сьогодні заклади освіти мають високий рівень автономії стосовно різних аспектів діяльності – від підготовки, прийняття та виконання внутрішніх документів, які регулюють освітній процес та спрямовують вектор розвитку закладу (наприклад, статут, стратегію розвитку, положення по освітній процес тощо) до проведення самооцінювання діяльності. Наразі заклади освіти мають управлінську та фінансову автономію, що дозволяє створити демократичний простір в освітній галузі, де рішення приймають ті, кого безпосередньо стоються його наслідки. У таких умовах роль керівника закладу освіти є ключовою у впровадженні освітніх реформ на місцях, він є транслятором модернізаційних змін у щоденну роботу. Підвищується не тільки автономія та розширення повноважень керівника навчального закладу, а й посилюються вимоги до професійної підготовки управлінських кадрів, їхніх знань, умінь та компетентностей. Впровадження нових стратегій і концепцій, необхідність здійснення освітнього, фінансового менеджменту, планування і моніторингу діяльності у ринкових умовах, впровадження інформаційно-комунікативних технологій, застосування технологій віддаленого навчання вимагають від керівника набуття нових професійних компетенцій. Виклики, з якими стикається менеджер освіти під час організації роботи в умовах пандемії, необхідність швидкого реагування на мінливі та непередба-чувані зовнішні умови потребують гнучкості та швидкості управлінських рішень. Модернізація освіти за часів незалежності України зумовила потребу у спеціальній підготовці керівних кадрів та направила фокус вчених педагогів й управлінців на вивчення питання підготовки менеджерів освітньої галузі. У контексті глобалізації та євроінтеграції актуальне вивчення підходів і досвіду зарубіжних країн, зокрема найближчого європейського сусіда – Польщі, але не скільки через територіальну близькість, скільки через подібність історичних умов, які проходили системи освіти у двох країнах на зламі ХХ–ХХІ століть. Оскільки процес децентралізації в Україні фактично ще знаходиться на етапі становлення, а система освіти в Польщі вже успішно реалізовує таку політику, об’єктом дослідження статті є підго-товка управлінських кадрів у галузі освіти Польщі. У статті розглянуто наукові та нормативні засади освітнього менеджменту в Польщі, визначено законодавчі вимоги до претендентів на керівні посади закладів освіти та проаналізовано базовий план курсу з управління освітою. Ключові слова: освітній менеджмент, керівник закладу освіти, управління освітою, підготовка менеджерів освіти, децентралізація освіти.


2019 ◽  
Vol 69 ◽  
pp. 00113
Author(s):  
O I Vaganova ◽  
Zh V Smirnova ◽  
A V Chanchina ◽  
O V Korobova ◽  
V G Lizunkov ◽  
...  

The article deals with the development of socio-cultural competencies in students of pre-school educational institutions. Based on the analysis of scientific literature, the authors reveal the essence of sociocultural competences in general and highlight their significance for pupils. Based on the fact that sociocultural competence is an integrative characteristic of a person who presupposes knowledge in various social and cultural spheres, includes the ability and willingness to interact with other people in different life ranges, the ability to use information resources for creative meaning in the information space, the authors present a study conducted over two years in a municipal budgetary pre-school educational institution kindergarten "cloud". For a full-fledged study, the article analyzes the level of formation of sociocultural competences in 2017 (before the introduction of the model) and in 2018 after its implementation. The study is carried out with the grant support for young scientists – candidates of sciences, number MK-313.2019.6, issued by the President of the Russian Federation Comparison of indicators allowed one to establish the degree of effectiveness of the proposed model. To identify the degree of formation of competencies, the authors proposed several levels: low, medium and sufficient.


The aim of the study is to identify the legal and organizational barriers to digitalization and digital transformation of education in the Russian Federation and to develop proposals for improving the startup planning and legal regulation in this area. The study presents the authors’ method of identifying the barriers. The main feature of this methodology (based on the comparative-law method and structural and functional analysis) is its focus on identifying the legal and organizational barriers to digitalization not only of the educational process itself, but also of the life cycle of the educational organization as a whole. The key legal and organizational barriers to digitalization for education were identifi ed and systematized. It was concluded that there remains a signifi cant number of barriers not only to digitalization, but also to primary informatization in the fi eld. The authors substantiate proposals for improvement of strategic planning and legal regulation, aimed at eliminating the identifi ed barriers and forming of legal conditions for digitalization and, in the long term, the digital transformation of Russian education.


Author(s):  
A. I. Mineev ◽  
E. Yu. Pristova ◽  
V. S. Kedrin

The article presents the stages of implementation of complex automation of colleges in the Chuvash Republic. The regulatory framework for the use of information technologies and automation processes in educational institutions is described, in particular, the “Concept of regional automation”, approved by the Government of the Russian Federation on December 29, 2014, which sets the main goals and areas of activity for the use of information and communication technologies in the subjects of the Russian Federation. The article provides information on the inclusion of the Chuvash Republic in the all-Russian process of automation of organizations of secondary vocational education, which was determined by the order of the Ministry of Education and Youth Policy of Chuvashia “On the implementation of a set of measures for the development and implementation of an automated information system in state professional educational organizations of the Chuvash Republic” dated September 11, 2014. The process of automation of the educational process in the system of secondary vocational education of the Chuvash Republic based on 1C is traced. Provides information on the implementation of the software 1C:College in educational institutions of the republic; creation of an information and analytical system of secondary vocational education of the Ministry of Education and Youth Policy of the Chuvash Republic, through which reporting information is collected and aggregated; development of the module “Personal web account of an applicant for 1C:College” for receiving documents from applicants on the basis of the Novocheboksarsk Chemical and Mechanical College.


2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 102-111
Author(s):  
V.P. Kashitsin ◽  
◽  
A.S. Soloveychik ◽  
N.A. Soloveychik ◽  
М.D. Buzoeva ◽  
...  

the article is aimed at the state and forecast of the development of digitalization of school education in Russia within the framework of interdisciplinary research in the RFBR project «Fundamental scientific support of digitalization of general education» and a description of possible general assessment indicators and factors that allow us to determine the level of digitalization of educational institutions in the Russian Federation and its impact on the educational process in schools.


10.12737/117 ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
Куценко ◽  
Viktoriya Kutsenko

Preconditions of development of Bologna arrangements on creation of uniform educational space, their main objectives and realization directions are briefl y stated in this article. The main attention is paid to the analysis of impact mechanisms on mobility increasing of students and teachers of higher educational institutions as important element of all-European educational space formation.The special place is allocated for defi nition of Russia’s role in the global market of educational services, for identifi cation of the most signifi cant problems of Russian education which reduce its competitiveness in the international market, and for development of scientifi c and practical recommendations on optimization of intellectual migration regulation system in the Russian Federation.


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