scholarly journals Evaluating indicators of social enterprises under the Vietnam Enterprise Law 2014 based on the European Research Network (EMES) ideal-type social enterprise model

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. First
Author(s):  
To Thi Dong Ha
Keyword(s):  
Social Enterprise ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Ideal Type ◽  
Social Enterprises ◽  
Research Network ◽  
European Research ◽  
Legal Form ◽  
Global Consensus ◽  
Enterprise Model ◽  
Environmental Goals

In recent decades, social enterprises have flourished as a solution to social and environmental issues through their business models. However, basic theoretical issues of social enterprises, such as its definition and characteristics, have not attained a global consensus yet. Among the social enterprise concepts, that of the European Research Network (EMES) is supposed to lay the first theoretical and empirical foundation for social enterprise analysis. Through analyzing, reviewing, and comparing research methods, the article focuses on assessing the indicators of social enterprises under the Enterprise Law 2014 in relation to the "ideal-type" social enterprise model proposed by the EMES. The study shows that the indicators of social enterprises under the Enterprise Law 2014 only meet the economic and social dimensions as defined by the EMES while lacking the third dimension of governance, which is crucial to the sustainability of social enterprises. From the research results, the article suggests that Vietnam should recognize cooperatives (with social and environmental goals) as a legal form of social enterprises since they exhibit all of the three sets of indicators of social enterprises. The article also specifies the necessity of modifying some of the provisions in the Enterprise Law 2014 to ensure the participatory governance in social enterprises, which is also a potential topic of research.

scholarly journals Online feminist publications as social enterprises: Diversifying revenue streams through corporate social responsibility

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Kamila Jambulatova
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Social Enterprise ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Group Analysis ◽  
Social Enterprises ◽  
Editorial Content ◽  
Social Good ◽  
The Social ◽  
Revenue Streams ◽  
Corporate Social

This qualitative study examined how feminist online publications can adopt social enterprise business models. The focus group analysis of the audiences of Refinery29, Bustle, HelloGiggles, and Jezebel first explored the audience's outlook on the commodification of feminism. The focus group also considered plausible ways of adopting social enterprise initiatives to diversify revenue streams of these publications, continue promoting gender equality, and to better establish the images of the publications. During four focus groups, twenty total participants shared a variety of feedback, including their opinions on the commodification of the feminist movement and the commodification of editorial content. They talked about how their purchasing decisions are affected by their desire to contribute to the social good. Other themes identified during the study were white feminism, the trivialization of feminist content, and the importance of companies' policies.

Financing Social Enterprises Through Cash Waqf

2021 ◽  
pp. 214-227
Author(s):  
Nor Razinah Mohd. Zain ◽  
Najim Nur Fauziah ◽  
Habeebullah Zakariyah ◽  
Azman Mohd. Noor
Keyword(s):  
Business Model ◽  
Social Enterprise ◽  
Qualitative Methodology ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Social Enterprises ◽  
The Social ◽  
Modern Business ◽  
Analytical Review ◽  
Research Findings

This research explores the potential of cash waqf in generating capital revenue in carrying out social-based investment through social enterprises. Looking closely into two different concepts (i.e., social enterprises and waqf), this research appreciates the understanding on the modern business model of social enterprise and the innovative version of religious social finance (i.e., cash waqf). Depending on qualitative methodology and analytical review, the discussion of this research is developed. These approaches are considered suitable and pragmatic for the suggested business model of social enterprise. Here, an innovative business model with a combination of social enterprise operation and cash waqf is introduced. It has the potential to stimulate further research to innovate religious social finance instruments to current and modern business models. This research proposes a business model of social enterprise that combines cash waqf in its operation for sake of generating capital revenue. Simultaneously, such a business model has the potential to expand the cash waqf in meeting social objectives of the social enterprise. As research findings, it is found that even though waqf is derived from a religious traditional philanthropic instrument, its innovative version of cash waqf can be utilised in generating capital revenue for social enterprises. As long as the required principles of cash waqf as provided under Islamic law is fulfilled, a combination of cash waqf in the operation of social enterprise can be carried out.

scholarly journals Policy framework and legal forms of social enterprise in Central and Eastern Europe

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 875-883
Author(s):  
Daniela Staicu
Keyword(s):  
Social Enterprise ◽  
Social Enterprises ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Research Needs ◽  
Legal Form ◽  
Commercial Activities ◽  
Policy Frameworks ◽  
Legal Forms ◽  
Eastern European Countries

AbstractIn Central and Eastern European countries, the transition to a market economy stimulated civil society initiatives that in the past had been either discouraged or had become part of the Communist state system, and opened new pathways to entrepreneurial initiatives. The 1990s was an open window to the creation of a significant number of non-profit organizations, including the pioneering establishment of the first social enterprises. When these countries became members of the European Union, the process of legal institutionalization of social enterprises started to be discussed and has taken place at various stages. The purpose of this paper is to provide a comprehensive overview of the policy frameworks and the legal forms and of social enterprises in eight countries: Bulgaria, Croatia, the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, and Slovenia. The research seeks to determine the extent to which the development of national policy frameworks influences the development of legal forms under which social enterprises operate. For the purpose of this analysis, data were collected from relevant to this subject country reports, studies, laws released between 2009 and 2016. The research shows that European social enterprises are often ‘hidden’ among existing legal forms either as associations and foundations with commercial activities, cooperatives serving general or collective interests and mainstream enterprises pursuing an explicit and primary social aim. Further research needs to be done to determine the potential for growth of entities operating as associations and foundations with commercial activities. Furthermore, the research concluded that the countries with specific laws on social entrepreneurship generate 61 % of the social economy activity in Central and Eastern European countries. Further research needs to be done to determine if introducing a social enterprise specific legal form, will stimulate the development of the business models under which social enterprises operate and implicitly growth.

scholarly journals The work integration social enterprises in Greece

2020 ◽  
pp. 195
Author(s):  
Ifigeneia - Douvitsa
Keyword(s):  
Public Policies ◽  
Target Group ◽  
Social Enterprises ◽  
Research Network ◽  
European Research ◽  
Legal Forms ◽  
Work Integration ◽  
Disadvantaged People

The present paper focuses on the available legal forms with work integration as their explicit purpose in the Greek legislature and outlines their main traits on the basis of the EMES (European Research Network) nine criteria of social enterprises. Their thus far implementation is also discussed, including the challenges and shortcomings that WISEs have faced in the Greek context.The main findings of the study indicate a dominance of the cooperative form for the WISEs under the Greek context. More specifically, the legislator imposes a percentage of members coming from the target group, perceiving in that way mutuality and solidarity as rather intertwined, since the WISEs’ explicit aim of work integration of the disadvantaged people is mainly achieved by joining the cooperative. Despite the supportive measures for the WISEs, the implementation of the thus far public policies has not been effective in further promoting such a model of enterprise.

scholarly journals Engaging symbiotic ecosystems to build community centred business models for the BoP: Evidence from small social enterprises in East Africa

2022 ◽  
pp. 026624262110597
Author(s):  
Andrea Sottini ◽  
Giacomo Ciambotti ◽  
David Littlewood
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
East Africa ◽  
Social Entrepreneurship ◽  
Social Enterprise ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Social Enterprises ◽  
Base Of The Pyramid ◽  
Social Entrepreneurs ◽  
Stage Process ◽  
Bop Markets

This article examines how small social enterprises (SSEs) in East Africa build business models for base of the pyramid (BoP) markets, through engaging symbiotic ecosystems. Through in-depth qualitative research, a three-stage process is identified. First, SSEs learn and become sensitised to the manifold challenges of building business models for BoP markets. Second, SSEs identify and connect with key BoP actors, weaving them together to create a symbiotic ecosystem and to overcome the aforementioned challenges. Third, SSEs harness this symbiotic ecosystem to deliver community-centred business models for the BoP. This research contributes to social entrepreneurship, small business, and BoP literatures, by shedding light on the challenges faced by SSEs working in the BoP, and through novel elaboration of how SSEs develop and interact with symbiotic ecosystems to surmount these challenges. It also provides important practical insights, for social entrepreneurs and social enterprise managers in Africa and elsewhere.

Applying Business Solutions to Social Problems

2017 ◽  
pp. 139-164
Author(s):  
Martyna Wronka-Pośpiech
Keyword(s):  
Business Model ◽  
Social Entrepreneurship ◽  
Social Enterprise ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Social Enterprises ◽  
Conceptual Level ◽  
For Profit ◽  
The Social ◽  
Case Based

Although research on social entrepreneurship has been expanding in recent years, the literature regarding business models in the context of social enterprises is still limited. This chapter explores the issues of business models in both profit and nonprofit contexts and discusses how value, being both the foundation and the overall outcome of the business model employed, is created. It begins with the background on the characteristics of social enterprises. This is followed by the conceptualization of business models and their components designed to account for their unique. Then a case to illustrate it is presented. The objective of the chapter is twofold. First, it is to analyse how nonprofit business models are different from its for profit counterparts (at the conceptual level) and to introduce relevant analytical framework. Secondly, the chapter aims at providing a case based on the particular model of a social enterprise in Poland (social co-operative) in order to investigate whatever the business models for profit firms could be applied in the social enterprises.

scholarly journals Beyond box-ticking: a study of stakeholder involvement in social enterprise governance

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin Larner ◽  
Chris Mason
Keyword(s):  
Social Enterprise ◽  
Stakeholder Involvement ◽  
Social Enterprises ◽  
Comparative Case Study ◽  
Advisory Group ◽  
Legal Form ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Community Interest ◽  
Enterprise Governance

Purpose – This paper aims to present the findings from a small study of social enterprise governance in the UK, taking a case study approach to uncover the experiences of internal actors who are involved in their board-level management. Design/methodology/approach – The study took a qualitative constructionist approach, focusing on stakeholder involvement in social enterprise governance. Initial theme analysis of 14 semi-structured interviews with board or senior management representatives revealed key issues in the governance of social enterprise, which were then explored through a comparative case study of two organisations. Findings – The study found that social enterprises surveyed employed a number of mechanisms to ensure appropriate stakeholder involvement in their governance, including adopting a participatory democratic structure which involves one or more groups of stakeholders, creation of a non-executive advisory group to inform strategic direction and adopting social accounting with external auditing. The research also highlighted the potential of the community interest company legal form for UK social enterprise, particularly in developing the role of the asset-locked body in terms of providing CIC governance oversight. Research limitations/implications – This survey was limited to the North West of England; however its findings can potentially support innovation in conceptual developments internationally. Originality/value – This research contributes to the under-researched field of social enterprise governance, potentially enabling these organisations to adopt more effective governance mechanisms that appropriately manage the involvement of beneficiaries and other stakeholders.

scholarly journals EUROPEAN DIMENSIONS OF THE SOCIAL ENTERPRISES AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN BULGARIA

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 175-183
Author(s):  
Irina Atanasova
Keyword(s):  
Social Entrepreneurship ◽  
Social Enterprise ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Social Economy ◽  
Social Enterprises ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Social ◽  
Legal Foundations ◽  
Or Organization ◽  
The Eu

Social entrepreneurship has to be perceived in the context of social economy. It is the production, supply and / or organization of consumption of goods with a socially significant effect. The objectives of the paper are: to define the essence of the social entrepreneurship, its relation to the other business models and the social enterprise as an organizational subject of social entrepreneursh. The institutional framework and the legal foundations of these processes in the EU and Bulgaria have been outlined. Some specific problems - institutional, legal, economic are concerned and directions are given for solving them.

scholarly journals The work integration social enterprises in Greece

2020 ◽  
pp. 195
Author(s):  
Ifigeneia - Douvitsa
Keyword(s):  
Public Policies ◽  
Target Group ◽  
Social Enterprises ◽  
Research Network ◽  
European Research ◽  
Legal Forms ◽  
Work Integration ◽  
Disadvantaged People

The present paper focuses on the available legal forms with work integration as their explicit purpose in the Greek legislature and outlines their main traits on the basis of the EMES (European Research Network) nine criteria of social enterprises. Their thus far implementation is also discussed, including the challenges and shortcomings that WISEs have faced in the Greek context.The main findings of the study indicate a dominance of the cooperative form for the WISEs under the Greek context. More specifically, the legislator imposes a percentage of members coming from the target group, perceiving in that way mutuality and solidarity as rather intertwined, since the WISEs’ explicit aim of work integration of the disadvantaged people is mainly achieved by joining the cooperative. Despite the supportive measures for the WISEs, the implementation of the thus far public policies has not been effective in further promoting such a model of enterprise.

scholarly journals SOCIAL ENTERPRISE DIVERSITY: INDONESIA AND TAIWAN

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
paskalia vica
Keyword(s):  
Monetary Policy ◽  
Community Development ◽  
Business Model ◽  
Social Enterprise ◽  
Social Enterprises ◽  
Social Business ◽  
Cooperative Model ◽  
Enterprise Model ◽  
Model Community ◽  
Definition Of

This paper explain about the definition of social enterprise, the four types of social enterprises in Indonesia that consist of Entrepreneurial NPO Model, Social Cooperative Model, Community Development Enterprise Model, and Social Business Model, the distinction between social enterprise in Taiwan and Indonesia. This paper also explain a brief about Monetary Policy in the Asia Pasific from the coursera.

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