scholarly journals Application of combined process of partial nitritation - anammox using a rotating biological contactor (PARBC) to treat ammonium-rich wastewater

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 5-16
Author(s):  
Hien Nhu Nguyen ◽  
Van Thi Thanh Truong ◽  
Son Thanh Le ◽  
Nhat The Phan ◽  
Dan Phuoc Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Synthetic Wastewater ◽  
Anammox Bacteria ◽  
Rotating Biological Contactor ◽  
Combined Process ◽  
Partial Nitritation ◽  
Anammox Activity ◽  
Startup Time ◽  
Autotrophic Nitrogen Removal

Combining the partial Nitritation and Anammox using a rotating biological contactor (PARBC) to remove the ammonium in wastewater was evaluated in this study. The accumulation of Anammox bacteria on the carrier easily obtained after 5 days operating of sequence batch with synthetic wastewater. Then AOB biomass cultivated in PARBC to complete the process of combining two bacteria in the same reactor for completely autotrophic nitrogen removal. After 60 batches of the operation, highest nitrogen removal rate reached 0.33 kg N/m3.d with nitrogen removal efficiency is 90% at a concentration of ammonium input of 250 mg N/L. The specific Anammox activity (SAA) of biofilm and suspended sludge in the tank is determined to be 0.298 gN-N2/gVSS/day and 0.0041 gN-N2/gVSS/day, respectively. Moreover, the suspended sludge concentration is 17.765 mg MLSS/L. This result showed that Anammox bacteria adapt and grow on the rotating biological carrier; otherwise Anammox bacteria hardly develop in the form of suspended sludge in the tank. This study shows that the PARBCR has great potential to effectively removing ammonium from wastewater with the short startup time.

Completely Autotrophic Nitrogen-Removal for Treatment of High Ammonia Leachate

2010 ◽  
Vol 113-116 ◽  
pp. 662-665
Author(s):  
Wen De Tian ◽  
Kyoung Jin An ◽  
Zhi Wei Li
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Optimal Operation ◽  
Ammonium Concentration ◽  
Operation Condition ◽  
Partial Nitritation ◽  
Ammonium Removal ◽  
High Ammonia ◽  
Anammox Process ◽  
Autotrophic Nitrogen Removal

This study focused on the feasibility of autotrophic nitrogen removal to treat high ammonia leachate, using combined partial Nitritation and Anammox process. In partial nitritation reactor, the optimal operation condition was found with influent ammonium concentration of 1200 mg/L, DO about 3 mg/L, HRT 3 days and temperature about 31°C at the ratio of NO2-N / NH4-N effluent kept at 1.1, which is a prerequisite for the application of Anammox. In Anammox reactor, more than 85% ammonium is removed at HRT 8 days, temperature 28±1°C, and pH 8. The removal rate of nitrogen and COD in combined partial Nitritation and Anammox process are 90% and 74%, respectively. Thus, a combined process of partial nitritation and a subsequent Anammox could be an alternative solution for ammonium removal for leachate.

scholarly journals Effects of biotin on promoting anammox bacterial activity

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qinyu Li ◽  
Jinhui Chen ◽  
Guo-hua Liu ◽  
Xianglong Xu ◽  
Qian Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Slow Growth ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Bacterial Biomass ◽  
Anammox Bacteria ◽  
Ammonium Oxidation ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Anammox Activity ◽  
Total Nitrogen Removal

AbstractAnaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) bacteria significantly improve the efficiency and reduce cost of nitrogen removal in wastewater treatment plants. However, their slow growth and vulnerable activity limit the application of anammox technology. In this paper, the enhancement of biotin on the nitrogen removal activity of anammox bacteria in short-term batch experiments was studied. We found that biotin played a significant role in promoting anammox activity within a biotin concentration range of 0.1–1.5 mg/L. At a biotin concentration of 1.0 mg/L, the total nitrogen removal rate (NRR) increased by 112%, extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) secretion and heme production significantly improved, and anammox bacterial biomass increased to maximum levels. Moreover, the predominant genus of anammox bacteria was Candidatus Brocadia.

scholarly journals Impact of salinity on the performance and microbial community of anaerobic ammonia oxidation (Anammox) using 16S rRNA High-throughput Sequencing technology

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 377-388 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Community Dynamics ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
System Response ◽  
Anammox Bacteria ◽  
Term Operation ◽  
Anammox Activity

Salinity is a key environmental factor for the successful application of anammox technology in wastewater treatment, because it impacts the activity and the community structure of anammox bacteria. In this study, the changes in activity and population shifts of an anammox system response to the elevated salt stress (0, 5, 10, 20, 30 and 40 g NaCl/L) were studied. The results show that the anammox reactor performed effectively even at 30 g NaCl/L salinity after an appropriate acclimatization. The nitrogen removal rate maintained at 0.28 g N L-1d-1 with the nitrogen removal efficiency of 76%, though the high environmental salinity might inhibit the anammox growth in the long-term operation. 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing results revealed that Ca. Brocadia, Ca. Jettenia and Ca. Kuenenia were the dominant anammox bacteria at all salinities. Ca. Brocadia and Ca. Jettenia were quite sensitive to salinity, and 5 g NaCl/L dosing could cause a sharp decline in their abundance. Nevertheless, these three anammox genus finally survived in the system with a steady specific anammox activity of 0.13 g N g VSS-1d-1. Specially, a novel cluster, Brocadiaceae_unclassified, which possibly belongs to anammox bacteria, became the dominant genus at the salinity over 20 g NaCl/L and likely contributed partially to the nitrogen removals. Our findings elucidated the inherent link between community dynamics and anammox system performance and stability under salty environment, and proved that anammox technologies can be an effective technology for treatment of saline ammonia-rich wastewater.

Nitrogen removal rates at a technical-scale pilot plant with the one-stage partial nitritation/Anammox process

2006 ◽  
Vol 54 (8) ◽  
pp. 209-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Cema ◽  
B. Szatkowska ◽  
E. Plaza ◽  
J. Trela ◽  
J. Surmacz-Górska
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Pilot Plant ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Anammox Bacteria ◽  
Removal Rates ◽  
Partial Nitritation ◽  
Batch Tests

Traditional nitrification/denitrification is not suitable for nitrogen removal when wastewater contains high concentrations of ammonium nitrogen and low concentrations of biodegradable carbon. Recently, a deammonification process was developed and proposed as a new technology for treatment of such streams. This process relies on a stable interaction between aerobic bacteria Nitrosomonas, that accomplish partial nitritation and anaerobic bacteria Planctomycetales, which conduct the Anammox reaction. Simultaneous performance of these two processes can lead to a complete autotrophic nitrogen removal in one single reactor. The experiments where nitrogen was removed in one reactor were performed at a technical-scale moving-bed pilot plant, filled with Kaldnes rings and supplied with supernatant after dewatering of digested sludge. It was found that a nitrogen removal rate obtained at the pilot plant was 1.9 g m−2d−1. Parallel to the pilot plant run, a series of batch tests were carried out under anoxic and aerobic conditions. Within the batch tests, where the pilot plant's conditions were simulated, removal rates reached up to 3 g N m−2d−1. Moreover, the batch tests with inhibition of Nitrosomonas showed that only the Anammox bacteria (not anoxic removal by Nitrosomonas) are responsible for nitrogen removal.

scholarly journals Influence of temperature and salinity on microbial structure of marine anammox bacteria

2012 ◽  
Vol 66 (5) ◽  
pp. 958-964 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takanori Awata ◽  
Katsuichiro Tanabe ◽  
Tomonori Kindaichi ◽  
Noriatsu Ozaki ◽  
Akiyoshi Ohashi
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Optimal Growth ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Anammox Bacteria ◽  
Ammonium Oxidation ◽  
Influence Of Temperature ◽  
Anammox Activity

Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) is a type of biological oxidation mediated by a group of Planctomycete-like bacteria. Members of the genus Candidatus Scalindua are mainly found in marine environments, but not exclusively. This group is cultured using different inoculums and conditions; however, its optimal growth conditions are not clear. Additionally, little information is known about the factors that influence the activity and the selection of a population of marine anammox bacteria. This study was conducted to investigate the influence of temperature and salinity on the marine anammox community. To accomplish this, an up-flow fixed-bed column reactor was operated, and quantitative fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with probes specific to dominant marine anammox bacteria was conducted. Anammox activity was observed at 20 and 30 °C, but not at 10 °C. A nitrogen removal rate of 0.32 kg TN m–3 day–1 was obtained at 20 °C. These results suggest that temperature affects the activity (nitrogen removal rate) of anammox bacteria, while salinity does not affect the activity in the marine anammox biofilm.

Determine the operational boundary of a pilot-scale single-stage partial nitritation/anammox system with granular sludge

2016 ◽  
Vol 73 (9) ◽  
pp. 2085-2092 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yandong Yang ◽  
Liang Zhang ◽  
Xiaoyu Han ◽  
Shujun Zhang ◽  
Baikun Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Removal Rate ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Granular Sludge ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Single Stage ◽  
Anammox Bacteria ◽  
Partial Nitritation ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
Anammox Activity ◽  
Microbial Analysis

The partial nitritation/anammox (PN/A) process has been applied to ammonium-rich wastewater treatment, but the operational boundary has not been well determined for long-term stability. This pilot-scale study was targeted at a single-stage PN/A process using a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) (volume: 53 m3) and granulated activated sludge. The maximum nitrogen removal rate reached 0.83 kg N/(m3 · d). Microbial analysis suggested that ammonium oxidizing bacteria were mainly present in small sludge flocs while anammox bacteria were prone to grow in large sludge granules. The PN/A performance was enhanced when dissolved oxygen (DO) was increased from 0.25 to 0.76 mg/L, and deteriorated at DO higher than 1.15 mg/L. The PN/A was inhibited at free ammonia (FA) over 77.0 mg/L. High DO or FA concentrations inhibited anammox activity and further induced high and inhibitory nitrite concentrations. Therefore, appropriate DO and FA concentrations should be controlled to achieve single-stage PN/A in SBRs.

Effects of the combination of aeration and biofilm technology on transformation of nitrogen in black-odor river

2016 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 655-662 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mei Pan ◽  
Jun Zhao ◽  
Shucong Zhen ◽  
Sheng Heng ◽  
Jie Wu
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
River Networks ◽  
Water Tank ◽  
Simulation Experiments ◽  
Overlying Water ◽  
Combined Process ◽  
Polluted Rivers ◽  
Laboratory Water

Excess nitrogen in urban river networks leading to eutrophication has become one of the most urgent environmental problems. Combinations of different aeration and biofilm techniques was designed to remove nitrogen from rivers. In laboratory water tank simulation experiments, we assessed the removal efficiency of nitrogen in both the overlying water and sediments by using the combination of the aeration and biofilm techniques, and then analyzed the transformation of nitrogen during the experiments. Aeration (especially sediment aeration) combined with the biofilms techniques was proved efficient in removing nitrogen from polluted rivers. Results indicated that the combination of sediment aeration and biofilms, with the highest nitrogen removal rate from the overlying water and sediments, was the most effective combined process, which especially inhibited the potential release of nitrogen from sediments by reducing the enzyme activity. It was found that the content of dissolved oxygen in water could be restored on the basis of the application of aeration techniques ahead, and the biofilm technique would be effective in purifying water in black-odor rivers.

scholarly journals Temperature modulates stress response in anammox reactors

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Niederdorfer ◽  
Damian Hausherr ◽  
Alejandro Palomo ◽  
Jing Wei ◽  
Paul Magyar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Response ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
High Stress ◽  
Anammox Bacteria ◽  
Transcriptional Responses ◽  
Microbial Biofilms ◽  
Temperature Regimes ◽  
Anammox Activity ◽  
Stress Susceptibility

AbstractAutotrophic nitrogen removal by anaerobic ammonium oxidizing (anammox) bacteria is an energy-efficient nitrogen removal process in wastewater treatment. However, full-scale deployment under mainstream conditions remains challenging for practitioners due to the high stress susceptibility of anammox bacteria towards fluctuations in dissolved oxygen and temperature. Here, we investigated the response of microbial biofilms with verified anammox activity to oxygen shocks under favorable and cold temperature regimes. Genome-centric metagenomics and metatranscriptomics were used to investigate the stress response on various biological levels. We show that temperature regime and strength of oxygen perturbations induced divergent responses from the process level down to the transcriptional profile of individual taxa. Temperature induced distinct transcriptional states in compositionally identical communities and transient pulses of dissolved oxygen resulted in the upregulation of stress-response only under favorable temperatures. Anammox species and other key biofilm taxa display different transcriptional responses to the induced stress regimes.

Performance and inhibition recovery of anammox reactors seeded with different types of sludge

2011 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 710-718 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Q. Ni ◽  
J. Meng
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Granular Sludge ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
Nitrogen Loading ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Anammox Bacteria ◽  
Recovery Processes ◽  
Anammox Activity ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge Blanket

In order to study the performance, inhibition and recovery processes of different types of anammox sludge, three up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket reactors were inoculated with flocculent sludge, granular sludge, and cultured inactive methanogenic granules. During stable period, with nitrogen loading rates of 0.9–1.1 kg/m3/d, the total nitrogen removal efficiencies of these reactors averaged at 86.5%, 90.8% and 93.5%, respectively. The kinetics study indicated that the reactor seeded with cultured inactive methanogenic granules possessed the highest nitrogen removal potential, followed by the granular anammox reactor and the flocculent anammox reactor. The study suggested that a concentration as high as 988.3 mg NH4+-N/L and 484.4 mg NO2−-N/L could totally inhibit granular anammox bacteria and result in a inhibition of 50% flocculent anammox activity. In addition, reactors seeded with flocculent sludge and anammox granules could be fully recovered by decreasing their influent substrate concentrations. However, the decrease of influent substrate concentration for the reactor with cultured inactive methanogenic granules could only restore about 75% of its bacterial activity. In this study, anammox bacteria purity was the major factor to evaluate the recovery ability in comparison with sludge type. Free ammonia was a more appropriate indicator for the anammox recovery process compared to free nitric acid.

scholarly journals Performance of the anammox sequencing batch reactor treating synthetic and real landfill leachate

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 00179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariusz Tomaszewski ◽  
Grzegorz Cema ◽  
Tomasz Twardowski ◽  
Aleksandra Ziembińska-Buczyńska
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Landfill Leachate ◽  
Sequencing Batch Reactor ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Nitrogen Loading ◽  
Synthetic Wastewater ◽  
High Nitrogen ◽  
Removal Capacity ◽  
Anammox Activity ◽  
Anammox Process

The anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) process is one of the most energy efficient and environmentally-friendly bioprocess for the treatment of the wastewater with high nitrogen concentration. The aim of this work was to study the influence of the high nitrogen loading rate (NLR) on the nitrogen removal in the laboratory-scale anammox sequencing batch reactor (SBR), during the shift from the synthetic wastewater to landfill leachate. In both cases with the increase of NLR from 0.5 to 1.1 – 1.2 kg N/m3d, the nitrogen removal rate (NRR) increases to about 1 kg N/m3d, but higher NLR caused substrates accumulation and affects anammox process efficiency. Maximum specific anammox activity was determined as 0.638 g N/g VSSd (NRR 1.023 kg N/m3d) and 0.594 g N/g VSSd (NRR 1.241 kg N/m3d) during synthetic and real wastewater treatment, respectively. Both values are similar and this is probably the nitrogen removal capacity of the used anammox biomass. This indicates, that landfill leachate did not influence the nitrogen removal capacity of the anammox process.

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