scholarly journals Statistical Analysis of the Relationship between the Numbers of Christian Churches of the Middle East

2018 ◽  
pp. 4-12
Author(s):  
Oksana Shepetyak
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Religious Communities ◽  
Christian Churches ◽  
Eastern Christianity ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Catholic Churches ◽  
History Of Formation

In the Article of Oksana Shepetyak "Statistical Analysis of the Relationship between the Numbers of Christian Churches of the Middle East"is analyzed the modernity of the Christians communities in their historical regions and tendency in their development. The diversity of Eastern Christianity requires a broad and multifaceted study. Most researchers focus on the history of formation, theological and liturgical aspects, and contemporaneity. This study is devoted to the comparison of only statistics, which, however, reveal an entirely new picture of the Christian East. The comparison of the number of believers in the Eastern Churches shows that the Oriental non-orthodox churches dominate in the Alexandrian tradition, while the Eastern Catholic Churches predominate in the East Syrian and Western-Syrian tradition. Instead, the Churches of the Byzantine tradition in the Middle East turned into small religious communities.

FBI and Religion

2017 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Religious Orientation ◽  
Religious Communities ◽  
Academic Scholarship ◽  
History Of ◽  
Interdisciplinary Assessment ◽  
Civic Religion ◽  
New Research ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Way

This volume is an interdisciplinary assessment of the relationship between religion and the FBI. We recount the history of the FBI’s engagement with multiple religious communities and with aspects of public or “civic” religion such as morality and respectability. The book presents new research to explain roughly the history of the FBI’s interaction with religion over approximately one century, from the pre-Hoover period to the post-9/11 era. Along the way, the book explores vexed issues that go beyond the particulars of the FBI’s history—the juxtaposition of “religion” and “cult,” the ways in which race can shape the public’s perceptions of religion (and vica versa), the challenges of mediating between a religious orientation and a secular one, and the role and limits of academic scholarship as a way of addressing the differing worldviews of the FBI and some of the religious communities it encounters.

The Earliest Christian Communities in Southeast and Northeast Asia: An Outline of the Evidence Available in Seven Countries before A.D. 1500

1991 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
John C. England
Keyword(s):  
East Asia ◽  
Northeast Asia ◽  
Christian Communities ◽  
Christian Churches ◽  
Eastern Christianity ◽  
History Of ◽  
Material Evidence ◽  
Central South

The history of Eastern Christianity in central, south, and east Asia prior to A.D. 1500 is rich and extensive, yet has been largely ignored. Material evidence now available from southeast and northeast Asia shows that Christian communities were present in seven countries for different periods between the sixth and fifteenth centuries. Often termed “Nestorian,” or “Jacobite,” these communities have left a diversity of remains—epigraphical, architectural, sculptural, documentary—which testify to their presence, as far northeast as Japan and southeast as far as Indonesia. The glimpses of Christian churches in medieval Asia afforded by the evidence from these and other regions of Asia offer alternatives to Westernized patterns of mission, and question many assumptions concerning the history and character of Christian presence in the region.

Christians in and from the Middle East: Lessons from the World Christian Encyclopedia

2021 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-24
Author(s):  
Deanna Ferree Womack
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Church History ◽  
Demographic Information ◽  
Christian Life ◽  
Eastern Christianity ◽  
Global Christianity ◽  
The World ◽  
Contemporary Reality ◽  
The Relationship

This article considers the history and contemporary reality of Middle Eastern Christianity in light of new demographic information available from the World Christian Encyclopedia. For readers interested in church history and World Christianity, it identifies key lessons to be learned about Christians in and from the Middle East today. It focuses on understanding the region’s Christian diversity, the complexities of recent demographic decline, the relationship between Middle Eastern and global Christianity, and the interreligious realities of Christian life in the region.

Liturgical Vestments, Vessels, and Objects in Christian Worship

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanne M. Pierce
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
The Other ◽  
Holy Communion ◽  
Christian Churches ◽  
Eastern Christianity ◽  
Contemporary Christian ◽  
History Of ◽  
Christian Worship ◽  
Over Time

Any history of Christian liturgy must address the origins and development of the various material elements that are used during these celebrations. These have their own specific history, just as does the architectural and artistic context of the liturgy. Many of the specialized garments, or vestments, worn by ministers during liturgical services in several contemporary Christian churches originated in elements of ordinary or honorific dress used in the ancient Roman Empire. Over the course of several centuries, the style and type of vestments used in Western Christianity diverged from those used in Eastern Christianity, until today the differences are more striking than the similarities, even in shared individual elements like the stole and the chasuble. In addition, different kinds of vestments are used by different ministers (for example, the deacon, priest, or bishop) and in different kinds of sacramental and liturgical ceremonies. What a minister might wear at one service, for example evening prayer or the administration of baptism, might not be the same as those expected for the celebration of the Eucharist (the Mass, the holy communion, or the divine liturgy). The same is true for the essential vessels used during the celebration of the Eucharist: the chalice to hold the wine, and the paten, or plate, on which rests the bread to be blessed. Both of these have developed in distinctive styles in both West and East over time. The same is true of many of the other vessels and implements needed for the Eucharist and those used in other liturgical services. Examples include containers designed to hold water, oil, or incense as well as the number and style of altar cloths, veils, and candles utilized at different times and places.

scholarly journals Al-Qur’an Dan Relasi Harmonis Antar Umat Beragama

alashriyyah ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Umi Waheeda
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Religious Life ◽  
Religious Communities ◽  
Community Living ◽  
West Papua ◽  
History Of ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

With the diversity of religions and ethnicities, in Indonesia, it is not easy to create conditions for safe, peaceful and peaceful community living. There have been many riots between ethnic groups, between religions, between races and between groups. Many of the victims of their lives and property have fallen most of the recent riots in Waimena, West Papua. How does the Qur'an provide an example for us for harmonious relations between religious communities? Harmonious relations between religious communities is emphasized in the Qur'an. Islam as a religion Rahmatan lil alamin upholds the harmony of religious life among humans. Can be seen from the history of Islam from the start of the Prophet s.a.w. until now. Muslims are always defending never want to attack first, to the shelves that can not be tolerated then they fight back. During this time Islam, as a religion of peace, a religion that likes peace, became tarnished because of doing some radical and extremist Muslim groups. Who uses Islam to get the master. Hiding behind a mask, in the name of Islam. This has an impact on the disruption of the relationship of protection between religious communities. There are many explanations in the Qur'an about building tolerant relationships in religion. To live in harmony with harmonious relations between religions we must develop between people. To live safely, peacefully.

scholarly journals What do the Angels Say? Alterity and the Ascents of Emanuel Swedenborg and the Baal Shem Tov

Open Theology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 414-421
Author(s):  
Rebecca Esterson
Keyword(s):  
Emmanuel Levinas ◽  
Religious Communities ◽  
Boundary Crossing ◽  
Natural Philosopher ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Emanuel Swedenborg ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Religious Other ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract This paper examines the history of boundary crossing and boundary preservation between Jews and Christians in the eighteenth century via an unorthodox path. Two men, a Swedish Lutheran natural philosopher and a charismatic Polish Rabbi, give their accounts of ascents to the heavens, both in the 1740s. The lives of Emanuel Swedenborg and the Baal Shem Tov did not intersect, but their otherworldly experiences tell related stories of strife between Jews and Christians while betraying something of a shared horizon concerning the future of their religious communities, and concerning sacred texts and their interpretation. Using a phenomenological framework informed by Emmanuel Levinas, and with theories of experience articulated by Steven Katz and Martin Jay at hand, this paper understands these accounts as articulations of relationship: not just the relationship between the subject and God, scripture, or the heavens, but articulations of the fraught relationship with the religious other in the earthly, human realm. By placing Swedenborg and the Besht, as it were, face to face, this paper emphasizes the presence of the religious other in their experiences, even in their private encounters with the Divine, and even though the intersubjectivity these experiences expose is characterized by difference, difficulty, and asymmetry.

Distorting Concepts, Obscured Experiences: Hermeneutical Injustice in Religious Trauma and Spiritual Violence

Hypatia ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 607-625
Author(s):  
Michelle Panchuk
Keyword(s):  
Social Experience ◽  
Religious Communities ◽  
Causal Role ◽  
History Of Christianity ◽  
Spiritual Abuse ◽  
History Of ◽  
Religious Trauma ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThis article explores the relationship between hermeneutical injustice in religious settings and religious trauma (RT) and spiritual violence (SV). In it I characterize a form of hermeneutical injustice (HI) that arises when experiences are obscured from collective understanding by normatively laden concepts, and I argue that this form of HI often plays a central role in cases of religious trauma and spiritual violence, even those involving children. In section I, I introduce the reader to the phenomena of religious trauma and spiritual violence. In section II, I describe the role normatively laden concepts play in shaping our social experience. I then elucidate how they can contribute to HI. In section III, I provide a brief overview of the history of some significant identity prejudices in the history of Christianity and argue that children can properly be understood as victims of HI within some religious communities. I then return in section IV to the examples of religious trauma and spiritual violence offered throughout the article and demonstrate that HI plays an important causal role in each of them. HIs sometimes constitute spiritual and religious harms; at other times they create an epistemic environment conducive to spiritual abuse.

scholarly journals The Absence of Presence and the Presence of Absence: Social Distancing, Sacraments, and the Virtual Religious Community during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Religions ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen Parish
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Religious Community ◽  
Religious Communities ◽  
Social Culture ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
Christian Churches ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Physical Presence ◽  
Church And Community ◽  
The Relationship

The response of churches to the challenges presented by the global COVID-19 pandemic invites a closer examination of the relationships between virtual and embodied religious communities during a time of social distancing. The speed and the scale of the closure of church buildings during Easter 2020 sheds light upon the multiplicity of practical, emotional, and spiritual responses to a relationship between church and people that is increasingly dominated by online interactions. Such a seismic shift in social culture opens up the possibility and challenges of a new understanding of belonging and participation in a religious community. Given its liturgical, pastoral, and sacramental significance, Easter 2020 was a highly charged moment for the relationship between the Christian churches and the faithful, and between religious worship and social media. In the shift from embodied community to virtual congregation that followed, the material absence of physical presence in collective worship was striking, as was the psychological presence of that absence. This paper analyses different understandings of religion, church, and community in the period of a pandemic, and argues for the value of an approach that situates the debates spawned in the context of historical precedent, personal experience, and theoretical approaches to networks, communities, religion, and social media.

Zionism: The Real Enemy of the Jews, Volume 1: The False Messiah, Alan Hart, Atlanta: Clarity Press, 2009; Zionism: The Real Enemy of the Jews, Volume 2: David Becomes Goliath, Alan Hart, Atlanta: Clarity Press, 2009; Zionism: The Real Enemy of the Jews, Volume 3: Conflict Without End, Alan Hart, Atlanta: Clarity Press, 2010

2012 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 159-180
Author(s):  
Max Ajl
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Middle East ◽  
Capital Accumulation ◽  
American Foreign Policy ◽  
The United States ◽  
Special Relationship ◽  
Main Determinant ◽  
The Real ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThis review-essay looks at a recent trilogy of works on Israeli history, the political history of the relationship between the United States and Israel, and the effect of the Israel lobby on the relationship between the two states. While the books attempt to construct a narrative that essentially blame the lobby for close to one hundred years of American malfeasance in the Middle East, they falter due to their idealism, their weak grasp of regional political economy and American capital accumulation, and their conspiracism. Instead, this review proposes a reinterpretation of regional political economy, materially grounding the lobby and the Special Relationship while situating the two within the patterns of accumulation pushed by Jonathan Nitzan and Shimshon Bichler’s ‘weapondollar-petrodollar coalition’, the main determinant of American foreign policy in the Middle East.

The Church of the East Until the Eighth Century

2019 ◽  
pp. 429-450
Author(s):  
Stefan R. Hauser
Keyword(s):  
Eighth Century ◽  
Religious Communities ◽  
Islamic State ◽  
Christian Communities ◽  
Christian Churches ◽  
Church Of The East ◽  
Long Time ◽  
History Of ◽  
Material Evidence ◽  
Christian Population

For a long time, the development of Christian communities within the Sasanian and early Islamic Empires was either neglected or described in terms of a history of persecution and antagonism within a Zoroastrian or Islamic state. Only recently has the perception of the extent of Christianization, the interaction of religious communities, and the importance of Christians within these societies and their upper echelons changed dramatically. The narrative of permanent conflict and oppression of Christian faith has given way to the acknowledgment of a predominant Christian population in the territory of modern Iraq and western Iran in the fifth through seventh centuries. One argument in this context is the growing body of material evidence for Christian churches and images as well as burials, which are expressions of respected and self-assured Christian communities.

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