Foreign body sarcoma: Effects of foreign DNA, β-carotene and paprika applied to the implant surface

2000 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 357-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.M. Lavelle ◽  
Maura Mhic Iomhair
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Body ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Foreign Dna ◽  
Β Carotene

scholarly journals Mechanical matching of implant to host minimises foreign body reaction

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro Carnicer-Lombarte ◽  
Damiano G. Barone ◽  
Ivan B. Dimov ◽  
Russell S. Hamilton ◽  
Malwina Prater ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Body ◽  
Foreign Body Reaction ◽  
Scar Tissue ◽  
Host Tissue ◽  
Medical Implants ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Biomedical Implant ◽  
Manufacturing Techniques ◽  
Implant Coatings

AbstractMedical implants offer a unique and powerful therapeutic approach in many areas of medicine. However, their lifetime is often limited as they may cause a foreign body reaction (FBR) leading to their encapsulation by scar tissue1–4. Despite the importance of this process, how cells recognise implanted materials is still poorly understood5, 6. Here, we show how the mechanical mismatch between implants and host tissue leads to FBR. Fibroblasts and macrophages, which are both crucially involved in mediating FBR, became activated when cultured on materials just above the stiffness found in healthy tissue. Coating implants with a thin layer of hydrogel or silicone with a tissue-like elastic modulus of ∼1 kPa or below led to significantly reduced levels of inflammation and fibrosis after chronic implantation both in peripheral nerves and subcutaneously. This effect was linked to the nuclear localisation of the mechanosensitive transcriptional regulator YAP in vivo. Hence, we identify the mechanical mismatch between implant and tissue as a driver of FBR. Soft implant coatings matching the mechanical properties of host tissue minimized FBR and may be used as a novel therapeutic strategy to improve long-term biomedical implant stability without extensive modification of current implant manufacturing techniques, thus facilitating clinical translation.One sentence summaryForeign body reaction to medical implants can be avoided by matching the stiffness of the implant surface to that of the host tissue.

scholarly journals Species and Density of Implant Surface Chemistry Affect the Extent of Foreign Body Reactions

Langmuir ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 2015-2024 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashwin Nair ◽  
Ling Zou ◽  
Dhiman Bhattacharyya ◽  
Richard B. Timmons ◽  
Liping Tang
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Body ◽  
Surface Chemistry ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Foreign Body Reactions

scholarly journals Implant Fibrosis and the Underappreciated Role of Myofibroblasts in the Foreign Body Reaction

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1794
Author(s):  
Nina Noskovicova ◽  
Boris Hinz ◽  
Pardis Pakshir
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Body ◽  
Foreign Body Reaction ◽  
Scar Tissue ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Implantable Medical Devices ◽  
Implant Materials ◽  
Normal Wound Healing ◽  
Inflammatory Phase ◽  
Clinical Complications

Body implants and implantable medical devices have dramatically improved and prolonged the life of countless patients. However, our body repair mechanisms have evolved to isolate, reject, or destroy any object that is recognized as foreign to the organism and inevitably mounts a foreign body reaction (FBR). Depending on its severity and chronicity, the FBR can impair implant performance or create severe clinical complications that will require surgical removal and/or replacement of the faulty device. The number of review articles discussing the FBR seems to be proportional to the number of different implant materials and clinical applications and one wonders, what else is there to tell? We will here take the position of a fibrosis researcher (which, coincidentally, we are) to elaborate similarities and differences between the FBR, normal wound healing, and chronic healing conditions that result in the development of peri-implant fibrosis. After giving credit to macrophages in the inflammatory phase of the FBR, we will mainly focus on the activation of fibroblastic cells into matrix-producing and highly contractile myofibroblasts. While fibrosis has been discussed to be a consequence of the disturbed and chronic inflammatory milieu in the FBR, direct activation of myofibroblasts at the implant surface is less commonly considered. Thus, we will provide a perspective how physical properties of the implant surface control myofibroblast actions and accumulation of stiff scar tissue. Because formation of scar tissue at the surface and around implant materials is a major reason for device failure and extraction surgeries, providing implant surfaces with myofibroblast-suppressing features is a first step to enhance implant acceptance and functional lifetime. Alternative therapeutic targets are elements of the myofibroblast mechanotransduction and contractile machinery and we will end with a brief overview on such targets that are considered for the treatment of other organ fibroses.

scholarly journals Fibrin Polymer on the Surface of Biomaterial Implants Drives the Foreign Body Reaction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnat Balabiyev ◽  
Nataly P. Podolnikova ◽  
Jacquelyn A. Kilbourne ◽  
D. Page Baluch ◽  
David Lowry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Body ◽  
Foreign Body Reaction ◽  
Giant Cells ◽  
The Body ◽  
Fibrous Capsule ◽  
Host Proteins ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Foreign Body Giant Cells ◽  
Biological Substrate

ABSTRACTImplantation of biomaterials and medical devices in the body triggers the foreign body reaction (FBR) which is characterized by macrophage fusion at the implant surface leading to the formation of foreign body giant cells and the development of the fibrous capsule enveloping the implant. While adhesion of macrophages to the surface is an essential step in macrophage fusion and implanted biomaterials are known to rapidly acquire a layer of host proteins, a biological substrate that is responsible for this process in vivo is unknown. Here we show that mice with genetically-imposed fibrinogen deficiency display a dramatic reduction of macrophage fusion on implanted biomaterials and are protected from the formation of fibrin-containing granulation tissue, a precursor of the fibrous capsule. Furthermore, macrophage fusion on biomaterials implanted in FibAEK mice that express a mutated form of fibrinogen incapable of thrombin-mediated polymerization was strongly reduced. Surprisingly, despite the lack of fibrin, the capsule was formed in FibAEK mice, although it had a different composition and distinct mechanical properties than that in wild-type mice. Specifically, while mononuclear α-SMA-expressing macrophages embedded in the capsule of both strains of mice secreted collagen, the amount of collagen and its density in the tissue of FibAEK mice was reduced. These data identify fibrin polymer as a key biological substrate driving the development of the FBR.

Iatrogenic foreign body in the bronchus

Anaesthesia ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 55 (10) ◽  
pp. 1036-1037 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Dutta ◽  
K. Jain ◽  
P. Chari
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Body

Foreign Body Granulomas in the Head and Neck

1982 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 553-559 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard C. Bryarly ◽  
Frederick J. Stucker
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Body ◽  
Head And Neck

Serum Retinol and β-carotene Levels and Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease in Morbid Obesity

2010 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 159-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela Villaça Chaves ◽  
Gisele Gonçalves de Souza ◽  
Andréa Cardoso de Matos ◽  
Dra. Wilza Abrantes Peres ◽  
Silvia Elaine Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Morbid Obesity ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
World Health ◽  
Morbidly Obese ◽  
Serum Retinol ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Β Carotene

Objective: To evaluate retinol and β-carotene serum levels and their relationship with risk factors for cardiovascular disease in individuals with morbid obesity, resident in Rio de Janeiro. Methodology: Blood serum concentrations of retinol and β-carotene of 189 morbidly obese individuals were assessed. The metabolic syndrome was identified according to the criteria of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) and World Health Organization (WHO). Lipid profile, insulin resistance, basal insulin, glycemia, blood pressure, and anthropometry and their correlation with retinol and β-carotene serum levels were evaluated. Results: Metabolic syndrome diagnosis was observed in 49.0% of the sample. Within this percentage the levels of β-carotene were significantly lower when body mass index increased. Serum retinol didn't show this behavior. Serum retinol inadequacy in patients with metabolic syndrome (61.3%), according to WHO criterion, was higher (15.8%) than when the whole sample was considered (12.7%). When metabolic syndrome was diagnosed by NCEP criterion, β-carotene inadequacy was higher (42.8%) when compared to the total sample (37.5%). There was a significant difference between average β-carotene values of patients with and without metabolic syndrome (p=0.048) according to the classification of the NCEP. Lower values were found in patients with metabolic syndrome. Conclusion: Considering the vitamin A contribution in antioxidant protection, especially when risk factors for cardiovascular disease are present, it is suggested that great attention be given to morbidly obese. This could aid in prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease, which affects a significant part of the population.

Vitamin A Value of Plant Food Provitamin A - Evaluated by the Stable Isotope Technologies

2014 ◽  
Vol 84 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 25-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guangwen Tang
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Provitamin A ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Plant Food ◽  
Plant Foods ◽  
A Value ◽  
Provitamin A Carotenoids ◽  
Β Carotene

Humans need vitamin A and obtain essential vitamin A by conversion of plant foods rich in provitamin A and/or absorption of preformed vitamin A from foods of animal origin. The determination of the vitamin A value of plant foods rich in provitamin A is important but has challenges. The aim of this paper is to review the progress over last 80 years following the discovery on the conversion of β-carotene to vitamin A and the various techniques including stable isotope technologies that have been developed to determine vitamin A values of plant provitamin A (mainly β-carotene). These include applications from using radioactive β-carotene and vitamin A, depletion-repletion with vitamin A and β-carotene, and measuring postprandial chylomicron fractions after feeding a β-carotene rich diet, to using stable isotopes as tracers to follow the absorption and conversion of plant food provitamin A carotenoids (mainly β-carotene) in humans. These approaches have greatly promoted our understanding of the absorption and conversion of β-carotene to vitamin A. Stable isotope labeled plant foods are useful for determining the overall bioavailability of provitamin A carotenoids from specific foods. Locally obtained plant foods can provide vitamin A and prevent deficiency of vitamin A, a remaining worldwide concern.

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