scholarly journals Effects of ad libitum or restricted access to total mixed ration with supplemental long hay on production, intake, and rumination

2018 ◽  
Vol 101 (12) ◽  
pp. 10922-10928 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Cavallini ◽  
L.M.E. Mammi ◽  
M. Fustini ◽  
A. Palmonari ◽  
A.J. Heinrichs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Restricted Access ◽  
Total Mixed Ration ◽  
Ad Libitum

Reproductive performance of heifers offered ad libitum or restricted access to feed for a one hundred forty-day period after weaning1

2009 ◽  
Vol 87 (9) ◽  
pp. 3043-3052 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Roberts ◽  
T. W. Geary ◽  
E. E. Grings ◽  
R. C. Waterman ◽  
M. D. MacNeil
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Restricted Access ◽  
Ad Libitum

Effect of restricted access to water, hay or salt on liveweights of steers

1985 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 249
Author(s):  
PJ Bailey ◽  
BJM Holland ◽  
JE Gilbert
Keyword(s):  
Major Effect ◽  
Restricted Access ◽  
Weight Losses ◽  
Marketing Process ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Access To Water ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
On Farm

Fifty Hereford and Hereford cross steers (574 � 1.9 kg mean � s.e. initial liveweight) were purchased at a saleyard and given varying access to water, hay and salt for 46 h, to examine the effect of simulated on-farm treatments, prior to transport to a saleyard, on liveweight differences before and after access to water at the saleyard. Restricting access to feed or water reduced liveweight, the major effect being due to availability of water. Groups with hay only, or no feed or water, had similar liveweights, but were 29 kg lighter (P<0.05) at the end of this period than steers with access to water, water and hay, or water, hay and salt. All steers lost weight when denied access to feed and water for 5 h to simulate the transport and yarding phase of the marketing process. The range in mean liveweights of the different groups was reduced from 36.5 kg at the start of this period to 29.5 kg at the end. All steers were then given ad libitum access to water for 15 h. They gained liveweight during first 2 h on water and thereafter lost weight. The extent of these gains was influenced by the magnitude of earlier weight losses. Access to water for 4 h was sufficient to reduce variation in mean liveweight between groups from 29.5 kg to 19.6 kg; this occurred mainly during the first hour. A further reduction to 14.0 kg occurred after 15 h of access to water. Consideration should be given to providing access to water before weighing at those cattle liveweight auctions which presently impose a fast from feed and water.

Effect of monensin on meal frequency during sub-acute ruminal acidosis in dairy cows

2005 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. E. Lunn ◽  
T. Mutsvangwa ◽  
N. E. Odongo ◽  
T. F. Duffield ◽  
R. Bagg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Release ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Meal Frequency ◽  
Total Mixed Ration ◽  
Ruminal Acidosis ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Ad Libitum Intake

Two experiments were conducted to determine the effects of monensin (Rumensin® controlled-release capsule; exp. 1 and Rumensin® Premix; exp. 2) on meal frequency during grain-induced sub-acute ruminal acidosis (SARA) in Holstein dairy cows. SARA was induced by restricting total mixed ration intake to 85% of ad libitum intake and replacing the remaining 15% with a grain pellet consisting of 50% wheat and 50% barley. In both experiments, meal frequency during SARA was lower (P < 0.05) than meal frequency during the adaptation and recovery periods. In exp. 2, monensin increased meal frequency during SARA (6.0 vs. 7.2, P = 0.04) and meal frequency during the recovery period (7.5 vs. 9.0, P = 0.004). These results suggest monensin premix may increase meal frequency in lactating dairy cows under conditions of SARA. Key words: dairy cows, monensin, ruminal acidosis, meal frequency

Energy metabolism in high yielding cows

1998 ◽  
Vol 1998 ◽  
pp. 13-13
Author(s):  
D.E Beever ◽  
S.B. Cammell ◽  
J.D. Sutton ◽  
N. Rowe ◽  
G.E. Perrott
Keyword(s):  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Energy Deficit ◽  
Digestive Efficiency ◽  
Energy Contribution ◽  
High Intake ◽  
Total Mixed Ration ◽  
Metabolisable Energy ◽  
Ad Libitum

Whilst current rationing systems are used to calculate the metabolisable energy (ME) requirements of dairy cows producing more than 50kg milk/day, the extent to which the digestive efficiency of the cow may be compromised at high intake levels has not been established. Equally the effect of a sustained energy deficit on milk composition is not known whilst the extent of energy contribution from mobilised tissue has not been quantified. This study was designed to examine energy metabolism in high yielding cows offered ad libitum total mixed ration during early/mid lactation.

Energy metabolism in high yielding cows

1998 ◽  
Vol 1998 ◽  
pp. 13-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.E Beever ◽  
S.B. Cammell ◽  
J.D. Sutton ◽  
N. Rowe ◽  
G.E. Perrott
Keyword(s):  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Energy Deficit ◽  
Digestive Efficiency ◽  
Energy Contribution ◽  
High Intake ◽  
Total Mixed Ration ◽  
Metabolisable Energy ◽  
Ad Libitum

Whilst current rationing systems are used to calculate the metabolisable energy (ME) requirements of dairy cows producing more than 50kg milk/day, the extent to which the digestive efficiency of the cow may be compromised at high intake levels has not been established. Equally the effect of a sustained energy deficit on milk composition is not known whilst the extent of energy contribution from mobilised tissue has not been quantified. This study was designed to examine energy metabolism in high yielding cows offered ad libitum total mixed ration during early/mid lactation.

Light and electron microscopic investigation of adenohypophyses of germfree, food-restricted, and germfree-food restricted aging, male lobund-wistar rats

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 352-353
Author(s):  
G. Ilse ◽  
K. Kovacs ◽  
N. Ryan ◽  
T. Sano ◽  
L. Stefaneanu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Microscopic Investigation ◽  
Electron Microscopic Investigation ◽  
Aging Male ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Old Rats ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Microscopic Findings

Germfree state and food restriction have been shown to increase life span and delay tumor occurrence in rats. We report here the histologic, immunocytochemical and electron microscopic findings of adenohypophyses of aging, male Lobund-Wistar rats raised at Lobund Laboratories. In our previous study, the morphologic changes in the adenohypophyses of old rats have been extensively investigated by histology, immunocytochemistry and electron microscopy. Lactotroph adenomas were frequent in Long-Evans and Sprague-Dawley rats, whereas gonadotroph adenomas were frequent in Sprague-Dawley and Wistar rats.Male Lobund-Wistar rats were divided into four groups: 1) conventional, which were raised under normal non-germfree environment and received food ad libitum; 2) germfree-food ad libitum; 3) conventional environment-food restricted and 4) germfree-food restricted. The adenohypophyses were removed from 6-month-, 18-month- and 30-month-old rats. For light microscopy, adenohypophyses were fixed in formalin and embedded in paraffin.

Alteration of Mitochondria in Oxythiamine-Induced, Acute Thiamine Deficiency in the Mouse

1976 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 284-285
Author(s):  
Itaru Watanabe ◽  
Dante G. Scarpelli
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Thiamine Deficiency ◽  
Light And Electron Microscopy ◽  
Fatty Change ◽  
Deficient Diet ◽  
Subcutaneous Injections ◽  
Swiss Mice ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Ad Libitum

Acute thiamine deficiency was produced in mice by the administration of oxythiamine, a thiamine analogue, superimposed upon a thiamine deficient diet. Adult male Swiss mice (30 gm. B.W.) were fed with a thiamine deficient diet ad libitumand were injected with oxythiamine (170 mg/Kg B.W.) subcutaneously on days 4 and 10. On day 11, severe lassitude and anorexia developed, followed by death within 48 hours. The animals treated daily with subcutaneous injections of thiamine (300 μg/Kg B.W.) from day 11 through 15 were kept alive. Similarly, feeding with a diet containing thiamine (600 μg/Kg B.W./day) from day 9 through 17 reversed the condition. During this time period, no fatal illness occurred in the controls which were pair-fed with a thiamine deficient diet.The oxythiamine-treated mice showed a significant enlargement of the liver, which weighed approximately 1.5 times as much as that of the pair-fed controls. By light and electron microscopy, the hepatocytes were markedly swollen due to severe fatty change and swelling of the mitochondria.

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