scholarly journals Influence of substituting steam-flaked corn for dry rolled corn on feedlot cattle growth performance when cattle are allowed either ad libitum or restricted access to the finishing diet

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (11) ◽  
pp. 1563-1567 ◽  
Author(s):  
Víctor Manuel González-Vizcarra ◽  
Alejandro Plascencia ◽  
Daniel Ramos-Aviña ◽  
Richard Avery Zinn
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Feedlot Cattle ◽  
Restricted Access ◽  
Ad Libitum

Combination of Chlorogenic Acid and Bamboo Charcoal Particles Improve Husbandry Performance and Environment

2011 ◽  
Vol 356-360 ◽  
pp. 142-145
Author(s):  
Jian Hui Wang ◽  
Dong Min Liu ◽  
Yong Le Liu ◽  
Chi Lin Li ◽  
Fa Xiang Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Chlorogenic Acid ◽  
Ammonia Concentration ◽  
Bamboo Charcoal ◽  
Serum Urea ◽  
Growth Promoters ◽  
Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Serum Urea Nitrogen ◽  
Antibiotic Growth Promoters ◽  
Ad Libitum

The objective of this study was to determine the effects of chlorogenic acid (CA) and bamboo charcoal particles activated by microwave (BCP) on performance, serum urea nitrogen and husbandry environment of broilers. The diets were devoid of antibiotic growth promoters (AGP). Two hundred and forty Avian broilers were allocated to a 2 × 2 factorial experiment involving two levels of CA (0 or 1000 mg CA/kg feed), and two levels of BCP supplementation (0 or 100 mg/kg feed). The diets and water were offered ad libitum. The growth performance and serum urea nitrogen was significantly increased when CA supplemented (P<0.05), while BCP significantly affects the ammonia concentration of the husbandry environment (P<0.05). These results indicate that CA and BCP combination can effectively improve the performance and husbandry environment.

scholarly journals Carcass and organ characteristics of finishing broilers fed diets containing probiotics (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)

Agro-Science ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-30
Author(s):  
J.I. Ugwuoke ◽  
O.R. Okwesili ◽  
C.E. Dim ◽  
M.N. Okonkwo ◽  
H.M. Ndofor-Foleng
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Liver Weight ◽  
Heart Weight ◽  
Performance Indices ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Effect Of Feeding

A five-week study was conducted to determine the effect of feeding varying levels of S. cerevisiae on carcass and organ characteristics of finishing broilers. One hundred and twenty 4-weeks old broilers of cobb strain were randomly assigned to four treatments (T1 = 0.6 g Saccharomyces cerevisiae (SC) kg–1 diet; T2 = 0.8 g SC kg–1 diet; T3 = 1.0 g SC kg–1 diet and T4 = 0.0 g SC kg–1 diet) with 30 birds per treatment and replicated twice with 15 birds per replicate in a completely randomized design. Feed and water were provided ad libitum to the birds in a deep litter system. In the end, data on growth, carcass and organ indices generated from the study were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results showed no significant difference (p > 0.05) among the treatments in the birds’ growth performance indices. However, significant differences (p < 0.05) were observed in the birds’ values for liver weight, heart weight, shank length and thigh length with birds in T3 recording highest values of 61.30 g, 16.93 g and 12.00 cm for liver weight, heart weight and thigh length, respectively. It was thus concluded that finishing broilers fed 1.0 g of S. cerevisiae had superior carcass and organ characteristics than birds on the control and lower levels of inclusion.

Impact of a mixed culture of Lactobacillus casei and L. lactis on in vitro ruminal fermentation and the growth of feedlot steers fed barley-based diets

2009 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
pp. 263-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Baah ◽  
Y. Wang ◽  
T A McAllister
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Mixed Culture ◽  
Lactobacillus Casei ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Barley Grain ◽  
Feedlot Cattle ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
Feedlot Steers ◽  
Barley Silage

The effect of a direct-fed microbial (DFM) poduct containing a mixed culture of Lactobacillus casei and L. lactis on in vitro ruminal fermentation of barley-grain/barley-silage-based backgrounding and finishing diets and on growth performance and carcass characteristics of feedlot cattle was evaluated during backgrounding (84 d) and finishing (140 d) of 100 Hereford × Angus steers (initial body weight = 280 ± 15.5 kg). The inclusion rates of DFM in the in vitro study were 4, 8, 12 and 16 million colony forming units (CFU) of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) kg-1 DM of substrate. Total in vitro volatile fatty acids (VFA) production increased at 6 and 12 h of incubation (P < 0.01; linear response) when the backgrounding diet was supplemented with DFM. Dry matter digestibility and VFA production also increased (P < 0.05) during a 12-h fermentation of the finishing diet. Steers were randomly allocated to one of four dietary treatments that comprised feeding DFM tp provide 0 (control), 4 × 107, 8 × 107, or 12 × 107 CFU kg-1 diet DM. Average daily gain (ADG, kg) and feed efficiency (G:F; kg gain kg-1 DM consumed) of steers improved (P = 0.002 and 0.001, respectively) as a result of feeding DFM during the backgrounding period, but not during the finishing period. Saleable meat and rib eye area decreased (P = 0.038, linear; and P = 0.041, quadratic) with DFM supplementation. The results indicated that supplementing barley-grain/barley-silage-based feedlot cattle diets with 12 × 107 CFU of the mixed culture of lactobacilli used in these studies could improve ruminal fermentation, ADG and G:F in backgrounding feedlot steers. However, supplementation during the finishing period may not be warranted in terms of growth performance and carcass characteristics. Differences in the microbial ecology of the intestinal tract as a result of differences in diet composition may account for the varied response between the backgrounding and finishing periods.Key words: Beef cattle, direct-fed microbial, growth performance, Lactobacillus casei, Lactobacillus lactis, ruminal fermentation

scholarly journals Effects of ad libitum or restricted access to total mixed ration with supplemental long hay on production, intake, and rumination

2018 ◽  
Vol 101 (12) ◽  
pp. 10922-10928 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Cavallini ◽  
L.M.E. Mammi ◽  
M. Fustini ◽  
A. Palmonari ◽  
A.J. Heinrichs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Restricted Access ◽  
Total Mixed Ration ◽  
Ad Libitum

Performance of broiler chickens fed rice milling waste based diets

2021 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 148-161
Author(s):  
R. S. Onabanjo ◽  
G. S. Ojewola ◽  
D. N. Onunkwo ◽  
O. O. Adedokun ◽  
E. U. Ewa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Nutrient Utilization ◽  
The Other ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Composition Chimique ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Rice Milling ◽  
The Cost

The growing concern about the cost of feed ingredients, use of least cost feed formulation and maintenance of a reliable nutritional requirement for broiler birds irrespective of the season is almost compelling to look for alternatives. Thus, this experiment was conducted to evaluate the performance of broiler chickens fed rice milling waste (RMW) as a replacement for maize. Chemical composition of rice milling waste was determined, while eleven experimental diets each were formulated to contain RMW as replacement for maize at 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90% and 100%. Three hundred (300), 7-day-old chicks were allocated to the 11 dietary treatments each having 3 replicate pens with 10 birds per pen in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). Feed and water were provided ad libitum for 6 weeks. Growth performance, carcass yield, organ proportions and economics of production were monitored. Data were subjected to ANOVA at P<0.05. The result from the chemical composition showed that rice milling waste has 89.84% dry matter, 10.80% crude protein and 24.09% crude fibre, while the gross energy was 3789 kcal/g, this showed that RMW is suitable as feed ingredient and as well would not hinder absorption and nutrient utilization. The result of the growth performance showed that broiler chickens fed 10% - 40% RMW had greater average daily weight gain (55.33g- 47.97g), reached a greater slaughter and carcass weight (1500g – 1650g) and were more feed efficient than broiler chicken of the other treatments (P<0.05 for each). In addition, from an economical point of view birds fed 10 - 40% were superior to the other treatments where the cost/kg weight gained (N292.21K – N315.96K) were lower than the remaining treatment groups. Thus, the inclusion of RMW in diet of broiler chickens as a replacement for maize improved nutrient utilization and economic value. It can therefore be recommended that RMW can be used to replace maize between 10% -40% in the diets of broiler chickens.     La préoccupation croissante au sujet du coût des ingrédients alimentaires, de l'utilisation de la formulation d'aliments pour animaux les moins coûteux et du maintien d'une exigence nutritionnelle fiable pour les oiseaux de gril, quelle que soit la saison, est presque convaincante pour chercher d'autres solutions. Ainsi, cette expérience a été menée pour évaluer la performance des poulets à griller nourris aux déchets de fraisage du riz (le 'RMW') comme remplacement du maïs. La composition chimique des déchets de fraisage du riz a été déterminée, tandis que onze régimes expérimentaux ont été formulés pour contenir le 'RMW' comme remplacement pour le maïs à 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90% et 100%. Trois cents (300), poussins de 7 jours ont été alloués aux 11 traitements diététiques ayant chacun 3 stylos de répétition avec 10 oiseaux par stylo dans un design complètement randomisé (CRD). L'alimentation et l'eau ont été fournies ad libitum pendant 6 semaines. Les performances de croissance, le rendement de la carcasse, les proportions d'organes et l'économie de la production ont été surveillés. Les données ont été soumises à ANOVA (P<0.05) Le résultat de la composition chimique a montré que les déchets de fraisage du riz ont 89,84% de matière sèche, 10,80% de protéines brutes et 24,09% de fibres brutes, tandis que l'énergie brute était de 3789 kcal/g, ce qui a montré que le 'RMW' est approprié comme ingrédient d'alimentation et ainsi n'entraverait pas l'absorption et l'utilisation des nutriments. Le résultat de la performance de croissance a montré que les poulets a griller nourris 10% - 40% RMW avaient un gain de poids quotidien moyen plus élevé (55.33g- 47.97g), ont atteint un plus grand poids d'abattage et de carcasse (1500g - 1650g) et étaient plus économes en aliments pour des animaux que le poulet de gril des autres traitements (P<0.05 pour chacun). En outre, d'un point de vue économique, les oiseaux nourris de 10 à 40 % étaient supérieurs aux autres traitements où le coût/kg de poids gagné (N292.21 K – N315.96 K) était inférieur à celui des autres groupes de traitement. Ainsi, l'inclusion du RMW dans l'alimentation des poulets de poulet a griller comme remplacement du maïs a amélioré l'utilisation des nutriments et la valeur économique. Il peut donc être recommandé que le 'RMW' peut être utilisé pour remplacer le maïs entre 10% -40% dans les régimes des poulets à griller.

scholarly journals PSV-1 Effects of the protein level on growth performance and carcass grading in fattening pig fed ad libitum

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 223-224
Author(s):  
Arnaud Samson ◽  
Claire Launay ◽  
Francesc Payola ◽  
Eric Schetelat ◽  
Hervé Fortune
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Swine Industry ◽  
Synthetic Amino Acids ◽  
Growth Performances ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Dietary Treatments

Abstract Reducing dietary crude protein (CP) with synthetic amino acids (AA) supplementation is beneficial for sustainable swine industry. However some discrepancies regarding the consequences on growth performance are observed. Therefore, this trial aimed to assess the effect of dietary CP level on growth performance of pigs from 35 to 113 kg BW. Growth performance of 63 pigs fed ad libitum and allocated to three groups (HH, MM and LL) was compared. Each group received one level of CP (‘H’ for High, ‘M’ for Medium and ‘L’ for Low) during growing (d0–d35) and finishing (d35–slaugther day) periods: 15.1%, 16.2%, 17.2% and 13.0%, 14.0%, 15.1% respectively. Diets were mostly based on wheat, corn and soybean meal. Within each feeding phase, diets were formulated to be similar in apparent total tract digestible phosphorus, net energy and standardized ileal digestible (SID) essential AA, the SID Lys levels being 0.95% and 0.78% during the growing and finishing period respectively. Data were analyzed using a linear model (R, 3.1.2) with individual as the experimental unit as feed intake, body weight and carcass grading were individually recorded. From d0 to d14 and from d35 to d63, average daily gain (ADG) and Growth:Feed ratio (G:F) were significantly reduced as the CP level decreased (P < 0.05) while average daily feed intake (ADFI) remained unaffected by the dietary treatments. From d14 to d35 and in late finishing period (d63-slaugther day), growth performance was not significantly affected by the dietary CP level. Over the 82-d of the experiment, G:F was significantly higher for ‘HH’ pigs (P < 0.01). Overall, ADG tended to be reduced as CP levels decreased (P = 0.10). There was no difference among treatments for parameters concerning carcass grading (lean meat percentage and meat yield). In conclusion, reducing CP levels while maintaining essential AA levels impaired growth performances of pigs.

scholarly journals Optimum roughage proportion in barley-based feedlot cattle diets: growth performance, feeding behavior, and carcass traits

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen M Koenig ◽  
Gwinyai E Chibisa ◽  
Gregory B Penner ◽  
Karen A Beauchemin
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Behavior ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Barley Grain ◽  
Feedlot Cattle ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Finishing Diets ◽  
Ruminal Acidosis ◽  
Barley Silage

Abstract High grain diets are fed to finishing beef cattle to maximize animal performance in a cost-effective manner. However, a small amount of roughage is incorporated in finishing diets to help prevent ruminal acidosis, although few studies have examined optimum roughage inclusion level in barley-based diets. The objective of the study was to evaluate the effects of roughage proportion in barley-based finishing diets on growth performance, feeding behavior, and carcass traits of feedlot cattle. Crossbred beef steers (n = 160; mean body weight ± SD, 349.7 ± 21.4 kg) were allocated to 20 pens that were assigned randomly to four dietary treatments (five pens of eight steers per treatment). The treatment diets contained barley silage at 0%, 4%, 8%, and 12% of dietary dry matter (DM). The remainder of the diets (DM basis) consisted of 80%, 76%, 72%, and 68% barley grain, respectively, 15% corn dried distiller’s grains, 5% mineral and vitamin supplement, and 32 mg monensin/kg diet DM. The diets were fed as total mixed rations for ad libitum intake (minimum of 5% refusal) once per day. Cattle were weighed on 2 consecutive days at the start and end of the experiment and on 1 d every 3 wk throughout the experiment (124 d). Two pens for each treatment group were equipped with an electronic feeding system (GrowSafe Systems Ltd., Calgary, Alberta) to monitor feed intake and feeding behavior of individual cattle. The data for dry matter intake (DMI), average daily gain (ADG), gain:feed (G:F) ratio, and carcass traits were analyzed as a completely randomized design with fixed effect of barley silage proportion and pen replicate as experimental unit. Feeding behavior data were analyzed similarly, but with animal as experimental unit. Averaged over the study, DMI increased linearly (11.1, 11.3, 11.7, 11.8 kg/d; P = 0.001) as barley silage proportion increased from 0%, 4%, 8%, and 12% of DM, but ADG was not affected (carcass-adjusted,1.90, 1.85, 1.87, 1.89 kg/d; P ≥ 0.30). Consequently, G:F ratio decreased linearly (carcass-adjusted, 168.9, 163.8, 158.5, 160.6 g/kg DMI; P = 0.023). When averaged over the study, proportion of barley silage in the diet had no linear or quadratic effects (P &gt; 0.10) on meal frequency, duration of meals, intermeal duration, or meal size, but eating rate decreased linearly with increasing silage proportion (P = 0.008). There was no diet effect on liver abscesses (P ≥ 0.92), and effects on carcass characteristics were minor or nonexistent. We conclude that increasing the proportion of barley silage in a feedlot finishing diet at the expense of barley grain to minimize the incidence of ruminal acidosis may decrease feed conversion efficiency.

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