scholarly journals Effect of diet composition and incubation time on feed indigestible neutral detergent fiber concentration in dairy cows

2013 ◽  
Vol 96 (3) ◽  
pp. 1715-1726 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.J. Krizsan ◽  
P. Huhtanen
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Incubation Time ◽  
Diet Composition ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Fiber Concentration

scholarly journals Optimal Neutral Detergent Fiber Concentration of Barley-Based Diets for Lactating Dairy Cows

1994 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. 1013-1029 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.A. Beauchemin ◽  
B.I. Farr ◽  
L.M. Rode ◽  
G.B. Schaalje
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Fiber Concentration ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows

scholarly journals PSVIII-22 Effects of bag pore size and sample particle size on feed and fecal indigestible neutral detergent fiber concentration in dairy cows

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. 328-329
Author(s):  
Xiaoxia Dai ◽  
Kenneth Kalscheur
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Pore Size ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Canola Meal ◽  
Particle Sizes ◽  
Fiber Concentration ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
High Fiber ◽  
Pore Sizes

Abstract Bag pore sizes and sample particle sizes were evaluated for measuring indigestible neutral detergent fiber (iNDF) concentration of feeds and feces in dairy cows. Four forage samples (alfalfa silage (AS), corn silage (CS), grass hay (GH) and wheat straw (WS), four byproducts [canola meal (CM), soybean meal (SBM), soy hulls (SH) and soy plus (SP)], four TMRs (with 20%, 40%, 60% and 80% concentrate), and two fecal samples [from the same cow fed high- (FSHS) or low-starch diets (FSLS)] were incubated in 2 cows for 288-h. Treatments were arranged as a 3 × 2 factorial: Three bag pore sizes (15 um (BS15), 25 um (BS25) and 50 um (BS50) with the same dimension of 5 × 5 cm, and two sample particle sizes (1 mm (PS1) and 2 mm (PS2). Fecal samples had only PS1, with BS15PS2 considered the standard to measure iNDF concentration of feed in dairy cows. Bag pore size affected (P < 0.01) iNDF concentration of all the tested samples, while sample particle size only affected (P < 0.01; Figure 1) iNDF of forage and TMR samples. The BS50, with either PS1 or PS2, resulted in the lowest iNDF concentration for all tested samples, and on average was 31% lower than BS15PS2. Concentration of iNDF of CS with BS25PS1 was not different from BS15PS2. For AS and TMRs with 20%, 40% and 60% concentrate, iNDF was not different between BS25PS2 and BS15PS2. For high NDF forage, e.g. GH and WS, BS25 with either PS1 or PS2, can replace BS15PS2 because there is no difference in iNDF concentration. In conclusion, BS50 is not recommended for iNDF determination, whereas BS25PS2 could be used to determine iNDF for AS, high fiber forage, and TMR with low to medium concentrate. Concentration of iNDF of fecal samples can be determined by BS25.

Digestibility of Nutrients as Influenced by Supplementation of Exogenous Fibrolytic Enzymes in Dry Non-pregnant Cows

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (04) ◽  
Author(s):  
P. M, Lunagariya ◽  
R. S. Gupta ◽  
S. V. Shah ◽  
Y. G. Patel
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
The Body ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Acid Detergent Fiber ◽  
Fibrolytic Enzymes ◽  
Nitrogen Free Extract

The study was planned to evaluate the effect of exogenous fibrolytic enzymes (EFE) supplementation for 56 days @ 240 mg/kg total mixed ration (TMR) on digestibility of dry matter and nutrients in dairy cows. Six dry non-pregnant cows were assigned in each treatment with and without EFE. The digestibility trial of seven days was conducted after 49 days of feeding. Dry matter and nutrients intake of cows was not influenced by EFE. The supplementation of EFE had improved digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, crude fiber, neutral detergent fiber, cellulose (p less than 0.01), as well as digestibility of nitrogen-free extract and acid detergent fiber, was also higher (pless than 0.05). The body weight gain of cows was higher on the supplementation of EFE in TMR. The study concluded that feeding exogenous fibrolytic enzymes (240 mg/kg) supplemented TMR improved digestibility of dry matter and nutrients, which was reflected as higher body weight gain in dry non-pregnant Gir and crossbred dairy cows.

PSX-B-10 Effect of undigested neutral detergent fiber concentration and forage inclusion rate on ruminal pH, reticular motility, and total tract permeability for finishing beef heifers

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 457-458
Author(s):  
Murillo C Pereira ◽  
Karen A Beauchemin ◽  
Tim A McAllister ◽  
Wenzhu Yang ◽  
Joyce Van Donkersgoed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Barley Grain ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Fiber Concentration ◽  
Eating Time ◽  
Ruminal Ph ◽  
Contraction Duration ◽  
Gastrointestinal Permeability

Abstract This study evaluated the effects of undigested neutral detergent fiber (uNDF) concentration and forage inclusion (FI) rate on dry matter (DM) intake, ruminal pH, reticular contractions, and gastrointestinal permeability for finishing beef cattle. Five ruminally cannulated Hereford′Simmental heifers (699±69.1 kg) were used in an incomplete 6×6 Latin square (26-d periods) with a 2×3 factorial treatment arrangement. Barley grain-based diets were formulated using barley silage or wheat straw to provide low or high uNDF (7.1 vs. 8.5% DM) with forage proportions of 5, 10, or 15% of dietary DM. Dry matter intake (P ≥ 0.10) and eating time (P ≥ 0.13) were not affected by uNDF, FI, or uNDF′FI. With low uNDF diets, increasing FI numerically (P = 0.02) increased rumination time (min/d); while, with high uNDF diets, rumination time increased with 5 to 10% FI, but not thereafter (P = 0.03). Mean ruminal pH was not affected by uNDF (6.17 vs. 6.19; P = 0.08), but increased with increasing FI (6.04b, 6.23a, and 6.28a; P = 0.02). Duration of ruminal pH < 5.5 was not affected by uNDF but tended (P = 0.07) to be reduced with increasing FI. High uNDF diet tended to increase the frequency of reticular contractions (1.43 vs. 1.51 contractions/min; P = 0.07) but decreased the contraction duration (13.2 vs. 14.1 sec; P = 0.04). Increasing FI increased contraction frequency (1.39b, 1.50a, and 1.53a contractions/min; P = 0.03) and tended to reduce contraction duration as forage increased from 5 to 10 and 15% (14.3, 13.1, and 13.6 sec; P = 0.07). Feeding high uNDF decreased (P = 0.05) permeability of the gastrointestinal tract based on the appearance of Cr-EDTA in urine following an intra-ruminal dose. Increasing FI tended to reduce gastrointestinal tract permeability (P = 0.06). Limited interactions indicate that uNDF and FI act independently suggesting that increasing dietary uNDF, without increasing FI rate, can stimulate frequency of reticulo-ruminal contractions and reduce gastrointestinal permeability for finishing cattle.

scholarly journals Managing Ammonia Emissions from Dairy Cows by Amending Slurry with Alum or Zeolite or by Diet Modification

2001 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 860-865 ◽  
Author(s):  
John J. Meisinger ◽  
Alan M. Lefcourt ◽  
Jo Ann S. Van Kessel ◽  
Victor Wilkerson
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Wind Tunnels ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Nh3 Volatilization ◽  
Available N ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows ◽  
Potential Contributor ◽  
On Farm

Animal agriculture is a significant source of atmospheric ammonia. Ammonia (NH3) volatilization represents a loss of plant available N to the farmer and a potential contributor to eutrophication in low-nitrogen input ecosystems. This research evaluated on-farm slurry treatments of alum or zeolite and compared three diets for lactating dairy cows in their effectiveness to reduce NH3 emissions. NH3 emissions were compared using a group of mobile wind tunnels. The addition of 2.5% alum or 6.25% zeolite to barn-stored dairy slurry reduced NH3 volatilization by 60% and 55%, respectively, compared to untreated slurry. The alum conserved NH3 by acidifying the slurry to below pH 5, while the zeolite conserved ammonia by lowering the solution-phase nitrogen through cation exchange. The use of alum or zeolite also reduced soluble phosphorus in the slurry. NH3 loss from fresh manure collected from lactating dairy cows was not affected by three diets containing the same level of crude protein but differing in forage source (orchardgrass silage vs. alfalfa silage) or neutral detergent fiber (NDF) content (30% vs. 35% NDF). NH3 losses from the freshly excreted manures occurred very rapidly and included the urea component plus some unidentified labile organic nitrogen sources. NH3 conservation strategies for fresh manures will have to be active within the first few hours after excretion in order to be most effective. The use of alum or zeolites as an on-farm amendment to dairy slurry offers the potential for significantly reducing NH3 emissions.

scholarly journals Diet digestibility and performance of dairy cows supplemented with live yeast

2011 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 301-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciene Lignani Bitencourt ◽  
José Ricardo Martins Silva ◽  
Bruno Menezes Lopes de Oliveira ◽  
Gilson Sebastião Dias Júnior ◽  
Fernanda Lopes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Citrus Pulp ◽  
Digestible Organic Matter ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Live Yeast

Dietary yeast supplementation may improve the digestive efficiency of ruminants, but responses depend on the yeast strain and the diet composition. Corn silage and citrus pulp are usual carbohydrate sources for dairy cows in southeast Brazil. This study evaluated the supplementation of dairy cows fedding on corn silage-citrus pulp-based diets with Saccharomyces cerevisiae CNCM I-1077 (Lallemand SAS, Toulouse, France). Twenty multiparous, midlactation Holstein cows were assigned to two treatments in crossover design. Treatments were: live yeast on oyster meal capable of supplying a daily minimum of 1 × 10(10) CFU per cow or oyster meal top-dressed at 10 g to the morning meal. Diet contained (% of dry matter): 16.8% crude protein, 30.9% neutral detergent fiber, 43.9% corn silage, 2% tifton hay, 14.4% steam flaked corn, 16.9% citrus pulp and 21.7% soybean meal. Yeast supplementation increased daily yields of milk (29.4 vs. 28.5 kg, p = 0.11), protein (0.939 vs. 0.908 kg, p = 0.05), and lactose (1.294 vs. 1.241 kg, p = 0.06), but did not affect milk fat contents (p = 0.59). Daily dry matter intake was 21.4 with yeast and 20.7 kg for the control (p = 0.11). Total tract apparent digestibility of the neutral detergent fiber was 48.1% with yeast and 43.2% for the control (p = 0.08). There was a trend for increased intake of digestible organic matter with yeast supplementation (p = 0.07). The positive milk protein yield response to yeast supplementation may have resulted from the increased fiber digestibility, but the response mechanism could not be elucidated.

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