scholarly journals Effects of Neutral Detergent Fiber Concentration and Particle Size of the Diet on Chewing Activities of Dairy Cows

2004 ◽  
Vol 17 (11) ◽  
pp. 1535-1540 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. H. Moon ◽  
S. C. Lee ◽  
Sung S. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Fiber Concentration

scholarly journals PSVIII-22 Effects of bag pore size and sample particle size on feed and fecal indigestible neutral detergent fiber concentration in dairy cows

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. 328-329
Author(s):  
Xiaoxia Dai ◽  
Kenneth Kalscheur
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Pore Size ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Canola Meal ◽  
Particle Sizes ◽  
Fiber Concentration ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
High Fiber ◽  
Pore Sizes

Abstract Bag pore sizes and sample particle sizes were evaluated for measuring indigestible neutral detergent fiber (iNDF) concentration of feeds and feces in dairy cows. Four forage samples (alfalfa silage (AS), corn silage (CS), grass hay (GH) and wheat straw (WS), four byproducts [canola meal (CM), soybean meal (SBM), soy hulls (SH) and soy plus (SP)], four TMRs (with 20%, 40%, 60% and 80% concentrate), and two fecal samples [from the same cow fed high- (FSHS) or low-starch diets (FSLS)] were incubated in 2 cows for 288-h. Treatments were arranged as a 3 × 2 factorial: Three bag pore sizes (15 um (BS15), 25 um (BS25) and 50 um (BS50) with the same dimension of 5 × 5 cm, and two sample particle sizes (1 mm (PS1) and 2 mm (PS2). Fecal samples had only PS1, with BS15PS2 considered the standard to measure iNDF concentration of feed in dairy cows. Bag pore size affected (P < 0.01) iNDF concentration of all the tested samples, while sample particle size only affected (P < 0.01; Figure 1) iNDF of forage and TMR samples. The BS50, with either PS1 or PS2, resulted in the lowest iNDF concentration for all tested samples, and on average was 31% lower than BS15PS2. Concentration of iNDF of CS with BS25PS1 was not different from BS15PS2. For AS and TMRs with 20%, 40% and 60% concentrate, iNDF was not different between BS25PS2 and BS15PS2. For high NDF forage, e.g. GH and WS, BS25 with either PS1 or PS2, can replace BS15PS2 because there is no difference in iNDF concentration. In conclusion, BS50 is not recommended for iNDF determination, whereas BS25PS2 could be used to determine iNDF for AS, high fiber forage, and TMR with low to medium concentrate. Concentration of iNDF of fecal samples can be determined by BS25.

scholarly journals Optimal Neutral Detergent Fiber Concentration of Barley-Based Diets for Lactating Dairy Cows

1994 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. 1013-1029 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.A. Beauchemin ◽  
B.I. Farr ◽  
L.M. Rode ◽  
G.B. Schaalje
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Fiber Concentration ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows

Feeding amount affects the sorting behavior of lactating dairy cows

2010 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
E K Miller-Cushon ◽  
T J DeVries
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Size Fraction ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows

The objective of this study was to determine whether feed sorting behavior in dairy cattle is influenced by the amount of feed provided. Six lactating Holstein cows, individually fed a total mixed ration once daily, were exposed to two treatments in a crossover design with 7-d periods. The treatments were: (1) lower feed amount (LFA; target 10% orts), and (2) higher feed amount (HFA; target 20% orts). Dry matter intake (DMI) was monitored daily for each animal. On the final 4 d of each treatment period, fresh feed and orts were sampled for particle size analysis. The particle size separator had three screens (19, 8, 1.18 mm) and a bottom pan, resulting in four fractions (long, medium, short, fine). Sorting was calculated as the actual intake of each particle size fraction expressed as a percentage of the predicted intake of that fraction. Actual orts percentage averaged 11.5% for the LFA and 18.0% for the HFA treatments. When on the HFA cows sorted for the medium particles to a greater extent than on the LFA (103.0 vs. 101.1%). Further, when on the HFA treatment cows sorted against short particles to a greater extent than on the LFA (95.2 vs. 98.6%). Despite greater sorting on the HFA treatment, the concentrations of neutral detergent fiber (NDF; 29.6%) and starch (27.1%) in the feed consumed were similar between treatments. Given this, and that DMI was greater on the HFA treatment compared with the LFA treatment (29.7 vs. 26.5 kg d-1), greater intakes of NDF (8.7 vs. 7.8 kg d-1) and starch (8.0 vs. 7.2 kg d-1) were also observed on the HFA treatment. The results suggest that, despite causing greater feed sorting, increasing the feeding amount for lactating dairy cows promoted higher DMI and did not prevent the consumption of a ration balanced to meet their nutritional requirements.Key words: Feeding amount, sorting behavior, dairy cow

Effects of barley silage particle length and effective fiber on yield and composition of milk from dairy

2000 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 749-752 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. Kononoff ◽  
A. F. Mustafa ◽  
D. A. Christensen ◽  
J. J. McKinnon
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Type I ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Particle Size Fractions ◽  
Effect On Yield ◽  
Particle Length ◽  
Barley Silage

A study was conducted to determine the effects of two theoretical lengths of particle (TLP) of barley silage on physically effective neutral detergent fiber (peNDF) content and on yield and composition of milk in dairy cows. Type I peNDF uses the neutral detergent fiber (NDF) of forage materials retained on a 1.18-mm screen while Type II peNDF is based on the NDF content of three different particle size fractions. Cows received diets consisting of 55% concentrate and 45% barley silage of either a 9.5-mm or 4.8-mm TLP. Results showed no difference in Type I peNDF between the two barley silage TLP. However, barley silage with a 9.5 mm TLP contained more (P < 0.05) Type II peNDF than barley silage with a 4.8 mm TLP. Differences in particle size or Type II peNDF content of barley silage had no effect on yield or composition of milk in dairy cows. Key words: Particle size, physically effective fiber, dairy cows

Digestibility of Nutrients as Influenced by Supplementation of Exogenous Fibrolytic Enzymes in Dry Non-pregnant Cows

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (04) ◽  
Author(s):  
P. M, Lunagariya ◽  
R. S. Gupta ◽  
S. V. Shah ◽  
Y. G. Patel
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
The Body ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Acid Detergent Fiber ◽  
Fibrolytic Enzymes ◽  
Nitrogen Free Extract

The study was planned to evaluate the effect of exogenous fibrolytic enzymes (EFE) supplementation for 56 days @ 240 mg/kg total mixed ration (TMR) on digestibility of dry matter and nutrients in dairy cows. Six dry non-pregnant cows were assigned in each treatment with and without EFE. The digestibility trial of seven days was conducted after 49 days of feeding. Dry matter and nutrients intake of cows was not influenced by EFE. The supplementation of EFE had improved digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, crude fiber, neutral detergent fiber, cellulose (p less than 0.01), as well as digestibility of nitrogen-free extract and acid detergent fiber, was also higher (pless than 0.05). The body weight gain of cows was higher on the supplementation of EFE in TMR. The study concluded that feeding exogenous fibrolytic enzymes (240 mg/kg) supplemented TMR improved digestibility of dry matter and nutrients, which was reflected as higher body weight gain in dry non-pregnant Gir and crossbred dairy cows.

PSX-B-10 Effect of undigested neutral detergent fiber concentration and forage inclusion rate on ruminal pH, reticular motility, and total tract permeability for finishing beef heifers

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 457-458
Author(s):  
Murillo C Pereira ◽  
Karen A Beauchemin ◽  
Tim A McAllister ◽  
Wenzhu Yang ◽  
Joyce Van Donkersgoed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Barley Grain ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Fiber Concentration ◽  
Eating Time ◽  
Ruminal Ph ◽  
Contraction Duration ◽  
Gastrointestinal Permeability

Abstract This study evaluated the effects of undigested neutral detergent fiber (uNDF) concentration and forage inclusion (FI) rate on dry matter (DM) intake, ruminal pH, reticular contractions, and gastrointestinal permeability for finishing beef cattle. Five ruminally cannulated Hereford′Simmental heifers (699±69.1 kg) were used in an incomplete 6×6 Latin square (26-d periods) with a 2×3 factorial treatment arrangement. Barley grain-based diets were formulated using barley silage or wheat straw to provide low or high uNDF (7.1 vs. 8.5% DM) with forage proportions of 5, 10, or 15% of dietary DM. Dry matter intake (P ≥ 0.10) and eating time (P ≥ 0.13) were not affected by uNDF, FI, or uNDF′FI. With low uNDF diets, increasing FI numerically (P = 0.02) increased rumination time (min/d); while, with high uNDF diets, rumination time increased with 5 to 10% FI, but not thereafter (P = 0.03). Mean ruminal pH was not affected by uNDF (6.17 vs. 6.19; P = 0.08), but increased with increasing FI (6.04b, 6.23a, and 6.28a; P = 0.02). Duration of ruminal pH &lt; 5.5 was not affected by uNDF but tended (P = 0.07) to be reduced with increasing FI. High uNDF diet tended to increase the frequency of reticular contractions (1.43 vs. 1.51 contractions/min; P = 0.07) but decreased the contraction duration (13.2 vs. 14.1 sec; P = 0.04). Increasing FI increased contraction frequency (1.39b, 1.50a, and 1.53a contractions/min; P = 0.03) and tended to reduce contraction duration as forage increased from 5 to 10 and 15% (14.3, 13.1, and 13.6 sec; P = 0.07). Feeding high uNDF decreased (P = 0.05) permeability of the gastrointestinal tract based on the appearance of Cr-EDTA in urine following an intra-ruminal dose. Increasing FI tended to reduce gastrointestinal tract permeability (P = 0.06). Limited interactions indicate that uNDF and FI act independently suggesting that increasing dietary uNDF, without increasing FI rate, can stimulate frequency of reticulo-ruminal contractions and reduce gastrointestinal permeability for finishing cattle.

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