scholarly journals A taboo on personal names and on the pronoun ty as a component of Russian speech etiquette

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 417-425
Author(s):  
Mikhail Fedosyuk
Keyword(s):  
Russian Language ◽  
Personal Names ◽  
Military Rank ◽  
The Military ◽  
Modern Russian

The article shows that the language taboo on pronouncing personal names, which is usually described as a phenomenon typical of archaic cultures, is also characteristic of the modern Russian language, where names of older relatives usually are replaced by words dad, mother, grandfather, grandmother, uncle and aunt. In the XVIII and XIX centuries in Russia there was a taboo on the use of names, patronymics and surnames of persons senior in civil or military rank. At present, it is preserved in the military sphere of communication, where it is forbidden to address by name or surname to senior in rank. The taboo phenomenon can also be an explanation of etiquette designation the respected interlocutor by Russian pronoun vy (ʻyouʼ pl.) instead of ty (ʻyouʼ sg.).

scholarly journals Semantic and Word-Formation Features of Horse Names in the History of the Russian Language (Based on the Inventory Books of Vologda Monasteries in the 16th — Early 18th Centuries)

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-83
Author(s):  
Evgenia N. Varnikova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Historical Aspect ◽  
Personal Names ◽  
Old Russian ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
History Of ◽  
Animal Names ◽  
Modern Russian

The paper considers a historical aspect of zoonymic studies which has not been sufficiently developed. The history of Russian horse names (hipponyms) is explored using zoonymic data from the inventories of the Vologda monasteries in the 16th — early 18th centuries, the materials from Listings of horses (Moscow, 1665), and archival documents of the Soviet farms of Sevmaslotrest from 1930s. The author identifies the lexical structure of Early Modern Russian hipponymy, delves into the meaning of names and appellatives they derive from, analyses the structure of horses’ names, and describes the name formation techniques. The studied sources bring the picture of the general development of lexical patterns in the Russian hipponymy. As it turns out, the vocabulary of Early Modern Russian hyponymy is almost identical with the Old Russian anthroponomy, which attests to their genetic unity. At the same time, the use of Christian names is noted, with these becoming more popular in the given period. The article also deals with structural types of Early Modern Russian hipponyms: zoonyms having a substantive form (nicknames formed from onomastic, agential, zoological, and object nouns; zoonymic compounds; suffixal compounds); adjective-based zoonyms; mixed names. In monastic scripts of the 16th — early 18th centuries, the vast majority of units used as hipponyms are “prefabricated” traditional names, the cases of creating original animal names are rare. In the latter case, zoonyms are usually formed using suffixal patterns peculiar for agentive and anthroponomic vocabulary. The word-building patterns include the onymisation of appellatives (sometimes by metaphoric transfer), substantivisation (nominalization) of adjectives, transonymisation of personal and place names. Due to the semantic, structural, and word-formation proximities between Early Modern Russian zoonymy and Old Russian anthroponomy, zoonymic vocabulary of the 16th–18th centuries provides a reliable source on Old Russian onomasticon, as well as explains the “anthroponymic” nature of modern Russian zoonymy and the active use of personal names for animals at present. This practice turns out to have deep historical roots.

The Language of Advertising: Graphic, Grammar and Pragmatic Aspects

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrey Panteleev ◽  
Anastasija Inos
Keyword(s):  
Speech Act ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Indirect Speech ◽  
Advertising Discourse ◽  
Adverbial Modifiers ◽  
Indirect Speech Act ◽  
Pragmatic Aspects ◽  
The Russian Language ◽  
Modern Russian

This monograph deals with the problem of functioning peculiarities of graphic expressive means and grammar means in the language of modern Russian advertising. This research work treats the advertising discourse as a composite indirect speech act. Active use of adverbial modifiers of manner — deverbatives, elliptical and indefinite personal one-member sentences is characteristic of modern advertising texts. A most distinguishing feature of a modern advertising text is a mixture of Cyrillic and Latin fonts that contributes to the manifestation of an expressive potential of the application. The monograph is aimed at students of Philology, students major in Management and Marketing, masters, postgraduates, staff of higher educational establishments and all those who are interested in the Russian language.

Imperative Forms with the Meaning of Obligation

2019 ◽  
Vol 80 (6) ◽  
pp. 80-84
Author(s):  
N. A. Nikolina
Keyword(s):  
Russian Language ◽  
Imperative Mood ◽  
Modern Russian

This article sets out to analyse forms of the imperative mood, which bear the indirect meaning of obligation. The aim is to characterise the structure and semantics of phrases, in which quasi-imperative forms are used. This analysis determines the direction of grammatical transposition and its nature. It is suggested that the imperative forms with the meaning of obligation are interpretative in nature and indirectly reflect the alleged expression of will. The analysis uses descriptive and structural-semantic methods. The semantic groups of clauses that include the imperative mood forms under consideration are distinguished. The features of the use of imperative forms with the meaning of obligation in the modern Russian language are described.

Ontological and Quantitative Aspects of the Causal Relationship as the Objects of Graduation

2019 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 78-82
Author(s):  
J. Gong
Keyword(s):  
Causal Relationship ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Modern Russian

The article considers the problems of graduating ontological and quantitative signs of the causal relationship; language means of expressing various degrees of their realisation are presented and classified. The article reveals that the gradual semantics of causation in the modern Russian language is expressed by a combination of constructions denoting the cause, with co-ordinative conjunctions, particles and introductory-modal words, and indicates the actual presence, the supposed presence, and the absence of a causal relationship, as well as the correlation of the situation of a consequence with one, two or many reasons.

Replacing the Stressed [é] with the Stressed [ó]: Causes and Effects

2019 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-87
Author(s):  
V. P. Moskvin
Keyword(s):  
Literary Form ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
National Language ◽  
Old Russian ◽  
Literary Forms ◽  
Modern Russian

The article considers the positional conditions of the transition of [é] to [ó], the causes of this phonetic transformation, which can be traced back to the Old Russian language, as well as the conditions for its gradual weakening. On this basis, the A.A. Shakhmatov’s hypothesis, interpreting this transition as a type of regressive labialization, was defined more precisely. Stylistically and orthologically significant reflexes of transition [é] to [ó] in the literary form of the modern Russian national language and its non-literary forms have been characterized and systematized.

Linguocultural aspect of foreign language words of youth jargon

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-44
Author(s):  
Malika Zoxirovna Salomova
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Semantic Features ◽  
External Borrowing ◽  
Modern Russian

The article is devoted to the problems of analyzing the composition of modern youth jargon. The article outlines the specificity of youth jargon among other socialists of the modern Russian language, gives a description of internal and external borrowing as part of the vocabulary of youth jargon, describes their structural and semantic features.

THE MAIN DIRECTIONS IN STUDYING OF THE MODERN RUSSIAN-LANGUAGE PR-DISCOURSE

Yazykoznaniye ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 82-91
Author(s):  
A.Yu. KHAKHALEVA
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Approaches To Studying ◽  
Linguistic Pragmatics ◽  
Positive Image ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Lexical Composition ◽  
The Russian Language ◽  
Linguistic Means ◽  
Modern Russian

The article discusses the main approaches to studying the modern Russian-language PR-discourse that represents a relatively new and actively developing sphere of communication. First of all, the researchers of the Russian-language PR-discourse analyze its lexical composition. In particular, they consider the ways of adapting the English-language PR-terms that play an important role in reflecting new objects of extralinguistic reality. Moreover, the linguistic means of this type of discourse are studied from the perspective of linguistic pragmatics. The works in this area emphasize the importance of such way of speech impact as suggestion and the corresponding pragmatic methods that is determined by the manipulative character of the Russian-language PR-discourse. In the light of this peculiarity, the linguists are also interested in the process of mythologization that consists in distorting the connections between the objects of reality and is aimed at creating the positive image of the subject of PR-communication.

scholarly journals Armed conflicts as a source of new formations in the Russian language (on material of the armed conflict in Donbass)

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Armed Conflict ◽  
Hate Speech ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Armed Conflicts ◽  
The South ◽  
New Interpretation ◽  
The Military ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Russian Language

The vocabulary of a language is a variable quantity, it is constantly changing, responding to the needs of life and reflecting its new realities. The events taking place in the South-East of Ukraine since March 2014 have significantly changed the usual picture of the world of the parties involved in this conflict, led to a new interpretation of reality, the emergence of new mental constructs, objectified in the language using a number of lexical innovations, most of which fall under the definition of „hate speech”. The purpose of this article is to try to examine the impact of the armed conflict in the South-East of Ukraine on the emergence of lexical innovations in the Russian language, to identify ways of forming new units and their main thematic clusters. The material for the work was neoplasms recorded in electronic Russian and Russian-speaking Ukrainian mass media, as well as selected from social networks and videos. The analysis showed that in the context of the armed conflict in the South-East of Ukraine, the characteristic manifestations of „hate speech” are mainly numerous new categories-labels with a pronounced conflict potential. The priority in this regard is offensive and derogatory nominations of representatives of the opposite camp, taking into account their worldview / ideological, national / ethnic, territorial / regional characteristics. The military jargon has also undergone a significant update, incorporating not only the reactualized slangisms of the era of the Afghan campaign of 1979-89, but also lexical innovations caused by the military and political realities of the current armed conflict in the Donbas. Neologisms are formed in accordance with the existing methods in the Russian language (word formation, semantic derivation, borrowing). At the same time, non-standard word-forming techniques are also used (language play, homophony, etc.).

scholarly journals Сленг на газетной полосе

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Iermachkova ◽  
Marianna Figedyová
Keyword(s):  
Print Media ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Dynamic Processes ◽  
Modern Russian

The article is devoted to slangization, which is one of the most dynamic processes of the modern Russian language. Based on material of Russian print media, the reasons for introducing slang words into a journalistic style are examined, and the functions of such vocabulary in a newspaper are analyzed.

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