scholarly journals Spatial and temporal variation of extremely low minimum temperatures in Hungary during the period between 1951 and 2010

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Lakatos ◽  
Z. Sümeghy ◽  
M. Soltész ◽  
Z. Szabó ◽  
J. Nyéki
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Structure ◽  
Spatial Relations ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Absolute Temperature ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variation ◽  
Coeffi Cients ◽  
Monthly Distribution ◽  
Fruit Growing ◽  
Surrounding Areas

For this study, data of 16 meteorological stations have been processed over a period of 60 years with the purpose to reveal the spatial and temporal structure of the frequencies of absolute extreme minima in Hungary with special reference to the surmised global rise of temperatures on a worldwide scale. In the main areas of fruit growing, the monthly or seasonal absolute temperature maxima and minima are presented during the 60 year-long period and projected on the geographical map. For the main fruit- and vegetable growing regions the probability of winter- and late frosts is of prime interest. The time series of extreme temperatures though did not prove signifi cant changes over the period observed, but the information upon changes and their tendencies is a precious tool being utilised in planning, choice of adequate varieties for a longer period of time in the future. The deleterious winter frosts experienced in fruit production is not a consequence of a sole drop to a minimum temperature, but of an earlier period of mild temperatures during the winter, which sensibilised the trees. Frequent and extreme variations of temperatures may cause troubles at any time during the year and reduce the yields conspicuously. We ought to get familiar with the hazards of our climate and fi nd optimal solutions to mitigate the damages expected. The seasonal and monthly distribution projected on the geographical map we can follow up also the spatial relations and the signifi cance of their occurrence. Coeffi cients of variation between meteorological happenings at different localities facilitate the calculation of the probability of risks on the surrounding areas.

scholarly journals Spatial and temporal variation of extremely abundant maxima of precipitation in Hungary during the period between 1951 and 2010

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Lakatos ◽  
Z. Sümeghy ◽  
M. Soltész ◽  
J. Nyéki
Keyword(s):  
Extreme Values ◽  
Temporal Structure ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variation ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Coeffi Cients ◽  
Monthly Distribution ◽  
Geographical Maps ◽  
Short Time

The study deals with the accumulated database of 16 meteorological stations in Hungary during a period of 60 years. The purpose was to reveal the spatial and temporal structure of the appearance of extreme values in the daily distribution of data concerning precipitation. We strived to answer the question whether the frequency of incidences of daily maxima did they change or not during the 60 year-long period in the main growing regions of the country. It is demonstrated on geographical maps how the size and frequency of precipitation episodes ensued, and what are the typical traits of changes in intensity as well as in frequency of happenings projected according to their spatial and temporal distribution. From the point of view of fruit and vegetable growing, it is of prime interest what kind of frequency and intensity of changes occurred in precipitation. The temporal distribution of extremities though did not seem to change signifi cantly in some areas, but the recognition of changes may help conspicuously the planning and the choice between alternatives of species and varieties as well as technologies of horticultural managements for the long run. Extremely intense rains during a short time may cause erosion and stagnant water, thus we have to know what are the odds of risk. The temporary distribution of changes helps us to judge upon the reality of anxieties, which are expected according to the existence of trends. Seasonal or monthly distribution is visualised by maps, what is expected and what is accidental as for a decision in planning. The spatial distribution of coeffi cients of variation help us to decide what is the local chance of extreme happenings at different parts of the country and what is its coeffi cient of uncertainty. The risk of any undertaking dependent on conditions of weather could be expressed numerically by a coeffi cient of risk.

scholarly journals Characteristics of the world and Russian production of fruits products (apples and pears)

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 20-26
Author(s):  
Lyubov Georgievna Demenina ◽  
Anna Borisovna Petrova ◽  
Kristina Andreevna Savitskaya ◽  
Lyudmila Mikhailovna Kavelenova
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Data ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Human Diet ◽  
Current State ◽  
The World ◽  
The Status ◽  
Fruit Growing ◽  
Rosaceae Family ◽  
Active Substances

The paper deals with the peculiarities of the biological characteristics of the most important fruit crops of temperate climates - apple and pear (Rosaceae family, subfamily Maloideae), taking into account the world, national and regional cultivation. Both cultures are characterized by significant food and commodity value, have some differences in the chemical composition of the fruit, including the leading components of the mass and biologically active substances, which determine the peculiarities of their use in the human diet. In both global and national fruit-growing, pears play a secondary role compared to apple, giving way to the number of varieties, the volume of production and the areas occupied. Based on the analysis of available statistical data of the FAO database, the dynamics of changes from 1990 to 2016 of the world production of apple and pear fruits with visualization on the continents, identifying world leaders and major trends are considered. For the USSR (from 1962 to 1990) and in Russian Federation (from 1992 to 2016) the paper presents a picture of changes in the volume of fruit production, discusses the status of fruit production in the country. The features of the historical development and current state of fruit growing in the Samara Region and prospects are discussed.

scholarly journals Greenhouse cultivation of fruit crops with special reference to India: An overview

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 252-260
Author(s):  
Rajkumar Jat ◽  
Vijay P. Singh ◽  
Virendra Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Land Tenure ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Fruit Crops ◽  
Traditional System ◽  
Fruit Cultivation ◽  
National Productivity ◽  
Fruit Growing ◽  
Cultivation Technology ◽  
Greenhouse Cultivation ◽  
Quality Production

India is facing various challenges in fruit cultivation viz., climate change, increasing pressure on natural resources, decreasing land tenure with the ever-increasing population. Besides this, the demand for quality fruit is also on the rise as people are now more aware of a nutritious and healthy diet. The quality with higher production is difficult with the traditional system of cultivation and requires a more scientific approach in cultivation. Greenhouse cultivation technology can enhance quality and quantity both. This technology is required to convert some portion of the present 6.5 million ha of the fruit-growing area to increase national productivity and product quality. The purpose of greenhouse cultivation is to grow crops by altering the micro-environment surrounding the crop so that the plant performs maximum to its genetic potential. It also increases the yield, improves the quality and stability of production and makes commodities available when there is no outdoor production. China is the world leader in greenhouse fruit production with the largest area under this technology. In India, greenhouse fruit cultivation is in its infancy as the only strawberry is commercially being grown under greenhouses. However, in fluctuating environmental conditions and losses in fruit crops due to various biotic and abiotic stresses, protecting the fruit crops for the off-season, quality and higher production will be a necessity in future. Keeping in view the low productivity of fruit crops in India and future needs of round the year quality production, an overview of work and cultivation scenario on this aspect is discussed in this paper.

scholarly journals INVESTIGATING THE POTENTIAL OF ACTIVITY TRACKING APP DATA TO ESTIMATE CYCLE FLOWS IN URBAN AREAS

2016 ◽  
Vol XLI-B2 ◽  
pp. 515-519
Author(s):  
J. Haworth
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Variation ◽  
Intelligent Transportation Systems ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Temporal Structure ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variation ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Activity Tracking ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
On The Road

Traffic congestion and its associated environmental effects pose a significant problem for large cities. Consequently, promoting and investing in green travel modes such as cycling is high on the agenda for many transport authorities. In order to target investment in cycling infrastructure and improve the experience of cyclists on the road, it is important to know where they are. Unfortunately, investment in intelligent transportation systems over the years has mainly focussed on monitoring vehicular traffic, and comparatively little is known about where cyclists are on a day to day basis. In London, for example, there are a limited number of automatic cycle counters installed on the network, which provide only part of the picture. These are supplemented by surveys that are carried out infrequently. Activity tracking apps on smart phones and GPS devices such as Strava have become very popular over recent years. Their intended use is to track physical activity and monitor training. However, many people routinely use such apps to record their daily commutes by bicycle. At the aggregate level, these data provide a potentially rich source of information about the movement and behaviour of cyclists. Before such data can be relied upon, however, it is necessary to examine their representativeness and understand their potential biases. In this study, the flows obtained from Strava Metro (SM) are compared with those obtained during the 2013 London Cycle Census (LCC). A set of linear regression models are constructed to predict LCC flows using SM flows along with a number of dummy variables including road type, hour of day, day of week and presence/absence of cycle lane. Cross-validation is used to test the fitted models on unseen LCC sites. SM flows are found to be a statistically significant (p<0.0001) predictor of total flows as measured by the LCC and the models yield R squared statistics of ~0.7 before considering spatio-temporal variation. The initial results indicate that data collected using fitness tracking apps such as Strava are a promising data source for traffic managers. Future work will incorporate the spatio-temporal structure in the data to better account for the spatial and temporal variation in the ratio of SM flows to LCC flows.

COMPARATIVE ASSESSMENT OF ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF TRADITIONAL AND ORGANIC TECHNOLOGIES OF VEGETABLE AND FRUIT PRODUCTION

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (10) ◽  
pp. 52-57
Author(s):  
Yu.V. OREL ◽  
◽  
N. N. TEL’NOVA ◽  
S. S. VAYTSEKHOVSKAYA ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Comparative Assessment ◽  
Fruit Growing

The article presents the results of a comparative assessment of the effectiveness of the use of traditional and organic technologies for growing vegetable and fruit growing products on the example of the Stavropol Territory.

scholarly journals Changes in the Spatial Organisation of Fruit Growing at the Beginning of the 21St Century: The Case of Grójec Poviat (Mazovia Voivodeship, Poland)

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcin Wójcik ◽  
Anna Traczyk
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Fruit Crops ◽  
Spatial Organisation ◽  
Fruit Growing

Abstract This paper is meant to determine trends in changes in the organisation of fruit production at the beginning of the 21st century. It focuses on the determination of those trends as well as their circumstances. The analysis of changes in the organisation of fruit production was made using Grójec poviat as an example. The accession of Poland to the European Union resulted in the intensification of processes of specialisation and concentration in agriculture, due to which the area occupied by orchards started to grow systematically. With the growing area and the intensification of fruit crops, quantities of fruits produced also increased. Currently, Poland is one of the biggest fruit manufacturers in Europe, with Grójec poviat being the biggest producer in Poland.

scholarly journals Ecological aspects of regional fruit production development in the Samara Region

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 10-18
Author(s):  
Maria Ivanovna Antipenko ◽  
Anatoly Nikolaevich Minin ◽  
Anna Borisovna Petrova ◽  
Lyudmila Mikhailovna Kavelenova
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Footprint ◽  
Water Footprint ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Fruit Crops ◽  
Plant Metabolites ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Middle Volga Region ◽  
Secondary Plant Metabolites ◽  
Fruit Growing

Fruits and berries previously perceived as a pleasant addition to the main human meal are considered today as a leading component of a healthy diet, a source of various vitamins, minerals, biologically active secondary plant metabolites, which are components of functional food products. Until now, the per capita consumption of fresh fruits by the population of our country remains insufficient, the predominance of imported fruits in the diet has not stopped. In the Samara Region private gardens rather than industrial orchards (for which the unambiguous predominance of the apple tree is inherent) remain the main producers of fruits (cherries, plums, apricots, etc.) and raspberries. Further development of regional fruit growing in the Samara Region has undoubted prospects. In the presence of weather features that negatively affect the development of fruit crops, the climate of the region is characterized by a sufficient level of heat supply, localities suitable for fruit crops cultivation are presented in its soil cover, and their assortment recommended for the Middle Volga region is quite diverse and continues to expand. The authors of the paper using materials from foreign scientific publications demonstrated examples of the analysis of processes used in modern literature that combines ecological and economic approaches in relation to agroecosystems activities (ecological footprint EF, carbon footprint CF and water footprint WF). The use of approaches to assessing the water and carbon footprint of agroecosystems, which have not yet become widespread among specialists in our country, opens up prospects for analyzing the existing conditions and developing a strategy for ecological and economic extension of regional fruit growing.

Development of precision apple fruit growing techniques: monitoring strategies for yield and high-quality fruit production

2019 ◽  
pp. 191-198
Author(s):  
L. Manfrini ◽  
M. Zibordi ◽  
E. Pierpaoli ◽  
P. Losciale ◽  
B. Morandi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Production ◽  
Apple Fruit ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Monitoring Strategies ◽  
Fruit Growing

scholarly journals THE CURRENT STATE AND THE PERSPECTIVESOF FRUIT-GROWING ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN THE NORTHERN DEVELOPMENT REGION OF THE REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA

2019 ◽  
pp. 71-78
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Production ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activity ◽  
Republic Of Moldova ◽  
Current State ◽  
Development Region ◽  
Fruit Growing ◽  
Production Technologies ◽  
The Republic ◽  
New Jobs

Currently,the role and importance of SMEs in the development of the national economy are characterized by such features as: the direct contribution to the formation of the GDP in every country is, as a rule, between 55-95%; new jobs creation; boosting competition; increasing exports; innovations and technologies fostering. The effectiveness of entrepreneurial activity in fruit growing is characterized by the application of new fruit production technologies, such as intensive and super intensive system. The purpose of the research was to analyze fruit growing entrepreneurship in the Northern Development Region of the Republic of Moldova based on the data of „Domultera”LLC in Floresti district. The objective of the research was to analyze fruit-growing entrepreneurship in the Northern Development Region of the Republic of Moldova by describing the realities and perspectives in the field. It has been foundout that applying superintensive and intensive technology to fruit growing is efficient. This fact can be explained by the reduction in production costs and the increase in global fruit production, sales revenue from the obtained production and gain profit, which have influenced the increased profitability level of up to 127.76% in 2017 and 86.15% in 2018 in the case of apple cultivation by applying the superintensive system. Apples and plums cultivation by applying intensive technology also increases the economic efficiency when trees begin to bear fruits.

scholarly journals Economic figures of apple production at national level of Hungary

2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Felföldi
Keyword(s):  
Political System ◽  
National Level ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Heterogeneous Population ◽  
The Political ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Fruit Growing ◽  
Apple Production ◽  
Main Effects

After the change of the political system the main looser was in Hungary the fruit-growing branch. The yields varied at high amplitudes, and the production increased slowly in spite of multiple planting activities. The European Union ranked fruit production “loosely” to the products, which allows the extension of its markets. Thus I decided to analyse the economic relations of the period between 2002 and 2008 in order to reveal the main effects of movements. The pictures are the resultants of a heterogeneous population, which cannot be influenced on the level of enterprises. But they are utilised for the recognition of challenges and trends on the level of branches of economy. The immediate costs increased the production monotonously, which cannot be compensated by a thrifty management of the general costs. Thus costs of production increased dramatically, whereas the marketing of products could not realise the values.

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