Regulation of Road-Based Public Transportation and Strategies for the Developing World

Georges B. Darido

doi:10.3141/1835-09

Regulation of Road-Based Public Transportation and Strategies for the Developing World

Transportation Research Record Journal of the Transportation Research Board ◽

10.3141/1835-09 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 1835 (1) ◽

pp. 66-73 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Georges B. Darido

Keyword(s):

Public Transportation ◽

Developing World ◽

Role Of Government ◽

Local Conditions ◽

Transportation Services ◽

Private Organizations ◽

Sustainability Strategies ◽

Potential Benefits ◽

Negative Impacts ◽

And Performance

In most cities of the developing world road-based public transport (i.e., buses, paratransit, jitneys, etc.) is the primary mode of motorized travel. Varying degrees of regulation control its provision; regulation is sometimes the role of government, private organizations, or the operators themselves. Many characteristics of developing world cities and travel markets influence the implementation and performance of regulatory schemes for public transportation. By exploring these factors and the spectrum of regulatory options, it is possible to suggest a methodology framework to make regulation and competition of public transportation services more effective and sustainable. This methodology attempts to capture local conditions, priorities, implementation issues, and sustainability strategies for developing regulatory schemes. Research concludes with suggested practices and strategies to increase the acceptance and sustainability of regulations by maximizing the potential benefits and minimizing the negative impacts.

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Simulation analysis of transportation system in Erzurum

Brilliant Engineering ◽

10.36937/ben.2021.002.003 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 20-30

Author(s):

vecihi yiğit

Keyword(s):

Public Transportation ◽

System Approach ◽

Simulation Analysis ◽

Transportation System ◽

Current Situation ◽

Performance Criteria ◽

Municipal Services ◽

Transportation Services ◽

And Performance ◽

Occupancy Rates

In recent years, the increase of population in cities has become one of the most important problems considered for municipalities providing transportation services. In terms of municipal services, the number of lines, capacity, and occupancy rates of public transportation vehicles providing transportation within the cities should be scientifically monitored and evaluated. In this study, we analyzed the current situation of municipal buses and public buses providing public transportation in Erzurum. For analyzing, we consider some performance criteria such as number of lines, capacity, vehicle occupancy rates, and passenger waiting. The current situation was modeled by simulation using the system approach. The interactions between entities are examined, sub-systems are identified, and the current situation is revealed. Results show that about 104.400 passengers benefit from public transportation daily, and performance criterias determined in the system are adequate.

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The Influence of Poverty Alleviation Resettlement on Rural Household Livelihood Vulnerability in the Western Mountainous Areas, China

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su10082793 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (8) ◽

pp. 2793 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Wei Liu ◽

Jie Xu ◽

Jie Li

Keyword(s):

Public Transportation ◽

Poverty Alleviation ◽

Financial Burden ◽

Development Program ◽

Household Survey ◽

Significant Negative Correlation ◽

Shaanxi Province ◽

Transportation Services ◽

Negative Impacts ◽

Infrastructure Services

Poverty alleviation resettlement (PAR) is China’s largest-ever resettlement program and one of China’s flagship poverty alleviation initiatives. Resorting to this state-led conversation and development program, the central and provincial governments aim to lift the poor out of the poverty trap and into sustainable livelihoods, by delivering improvements in housing conditions, infrastructure services, public amenities, and living standards. Taking Ankang as an example, this study examines the PAR from the perspective of vulnerability through a household survey conducted in Ankang prefecture of Shaanxi province, China. A total of six townships in Ankang are covered, with 657 valid questionnaires collected. This study shows that there is a difference in exposure, sensitivity, and the adaptive capacity of rural households with different relocation characteristics, hence generating different livelihood vulnerabilities. The PAR generally achieves the target of livelihood vulnerability reduction. Specifically, the project-induced relocation has a significant positive effect on vulnerability, but there is a significant negative correlation between livelihood vulnerability and relocation region, relocation time, and relocation subsidy. Challenges and problems remain to be addressed for the next phases of the PAR, including diminishing the financial burden on those relocated and providing free public transportation services, carrying out community-building programs and updating the household registration institution, balancing the redistribution and sharing of farmland, furnishing assistance measures for employment searches and training in specific skills, and creating an impartial project to safeguard the non-movers from the significant negative impacts on their physical and spiritual dimensions.

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Framework for Assessing Public Transportation Sustainability in Planning and Policy-Making

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su11041028 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 1028 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Linda Karjalainen ◽

Sirkku Juhola

Keyword(s):

Public Transportation ◽

Urban Form ◽

Policy Making ◽

Greenhouse Gas Emission ◽

Transportation Systems ◽

Social Dimensions ◽

Local Conditions ◽

Transportation Services ◽

Sustainability Planning ◽

Transportation Sustainability

Transportation plays a key role in urban sustainability planning and urban greenhouse gas emission reductions. Globally, cities have established sustainability agendas and policies to guide the shift from traditional private automobile dependent transportation systems towards an increased use of public transportation, cycling, and walking. While the surrounding physical urban form and governance structures condition public transportation services, there are also many other factors to consider when discussing sustainability. As such, comprehensive planning and policy-oriented assessment frameworks that are independent of local conditions are still largely missing in literature. This paper presents a Public Transportation Sustainability Indicator List (PTSIL) that provides a platform for an integrated assessment of environmental, economic, and social dimensions of sustainability through an indicator-based approach. To demonstrate its use, the PTSIL is applied to analyze the policy documents of public transportation agencies in Helsinki, Finland, and Toronto, Canada. The results show that while both cities achieve relatively high scores in all dimensions, there is still high variability among individual indicators. The PTSIL presents a missed stepping stone between descriptive definitions of transportation sustainability and case specific sustainability performance assessments, offering an opportunity within the planning and policy-making sectors to review, assess, and develop public transportation services comprehensively.

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Building an Asset Management System for Engineered Physical Assets: a Contemporary Perspective

40th International Conference on Organizational Science Development Values Competencies and Changes in Organizations ◽

10.18690/978-961-286-442-2.83 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Damjan Maletič

Keyword(s):

Asset Management ◽

Business Environment ◽

Theory And Practice ◽

Transportation Services ◽

Potential Benefits ◽

Important Field ◽

Physical Assets ◽

Physical Asset ◽

And Performance ◽

Asset Management System

A rapidly changing business environment, strong competition, the requirement to minimize losses are some of the conditions under which organizations operate today. This has led to organizations constantly looking for new ways to improve their performance and gain a competitive advantage. Over the last two decades, the demand for effective physical asset management (PAM) has steadily increased. As a result, organizations’ commitment to physical asset management (PAM) has recently received considerable attention in both theory and practice. As a result, PAM has become an important field, especially in the assetintensive industry. In fact, PAM is also considered a key player within Industry 4.0. Assets in the sense of the ISO 55000 standard for asset management are items, things and entities that have value or potential value to the organization. Physical assets, also known as engineering assets, are important in creating tangible value for an organization in a variety of industrial settings such as manufacturing, power supply, water supply, construction, mining, transportation services, and various other sectors. The main purpose of the presentation is to highlight the topic PAM, introduce the key artefacts of ISO 55001, and outline the potential benefits to organizations. In addition, this presentation can be used as a guide to create a framework to maximizing the value realized from assets while balancing financial, environmental and social costs, risks, service quality and performance.

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Food Choice Decisions of Collegiate Division I Athletes: A Qualitative Exploratory Study

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13072322 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (7) ◽

pp. 2322

Author(s):

Kaitlyn M. Eck ◽

Carol Byrd-Bredbenner

Keyword(s):

Health Beliefs ◽

Fast Food ◽

Division I ◽

Iron Protein ◽

Food And Nutrition ◽

Fried Foods ◽

Potential Benefits ◽

And Performance ◽

Division I Athletes ◽

Nutrition Professionals

Limited research has examined athletes’ food and health beliefs and decisions and the congruence of these decisions with recommendations from nutrition professionals. This study aimed to improve understanding of athletes’ food-related beliefs and practices to enable nutrition professionals to more effectively enhance performance while protecting athletes’ health. Division I college athletes (n = 14, 64% female) from a variety of sports were recruited to participate in 20-min semi-structured phone interviews about food and nutrition-related behaviors and cognitions. Data were content analyzed to identify themes and trends. Prominent factors influencing athletes’ food choices were potential benefits to health and performance, availability of foods, and recommendations from sports dietitians. Foods commonly consumed by athletes, including fruits, vegetables, and lean protein, were generally healthy and aligned with sports nutrition recommendations. Athletes avoided energy-dense nutrient-poor foods, such as fast food and fried foods, with the goal of improving performance. Some athletes took supplements (i.e., multivitamin, iron, protein) on the premise that they would improve health and enhance performance or recovery. While athletes’ nutrition behaviors are generally congruent with current recommendations, findings highlighted misconceptions held by athletes related to the benefits of some supplements and the belief that packaged/processed foods were inherently less healthy than other options. Nutrition misconceptions held by athletes and incongruities between athletes’ nutrition knowledge and behaviors suggest that dietitians should aim to dispel misconceptions held by athletes and provide additional guidance and information to support athletes’ current healthful behaviors to ensure these behaviors extend beyond their college athletic career.

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Selected implications of a hyper-connected world on pavement engineering

International Journal of Pavement Research and Technology ◽

10.1007/s42947-020-6012-7 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (6) ◽

pp. 673-678

Author(s):

Wynand Jacobus van der Merwe Steyn

Keyword(s):

Data Science ◽

Industrial Revolution ◽

Cost Benefit ◽

Physical World ◽

Management Systems ◽

Life Data ◽

Pavement Engineering ◽

Potential Benefits ◽

And Performance ◽

Lifecycle Management

AbstractThe world is becoming a hyper-connected environment where an abundance of data from sensor networks can provide continuous information on the behaviour and performance of infrastructure. The last part of the 3rd Industrial Revolution (IR) and the start of the 4th IR gave rise to a world where this overabundance of sensors, and availability of wireless networks enables connections between people and infrastructure that was not practically comprehensible during the 20th century. 4IR supports the datafication of life, data science, big data, transportation evolution, optimization of logistic and supply chains and automation of various aspects of life, including vehicles and road infrastructure. The hyper-connected 4IR environment allows integration between the physical world and digital and intelligent engineering, increasingly serving as the primary lifecycle management systems for engineering practitioners. With this background, the paper evaluates a few concepts of the hyper-connected pavement environment in a 4IR Digital Twin mode, with the emphasis on selected applications, implications, benefits and limitations. The hyper-connected world can and should be managed in the pavement realm to ensure that adequate and applicable data are collected regarding infrastructure, environment and users to enable a more efficient and effective transportation system. In this regard, and planning for future scenarios where the proliferation of data is a given, it is important that pavement engineers understand what is possible, evaluate the potential benefits, conduct cost/benefit evaluations, and implement appropriate solutions to ensure longevity and safety of pavement infrastructure.

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Didymo and Its Polysaccharide Stalks: Beneficial to the Environment or Not?

Polysaccharides ◽

10.3390/polysaccharides2010005 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 69-79

Author(s):

Hurmat Ejaz ◽

Esther Somanader ◽

Uday Dave ◽

Hermann Ehrlich ◽

M. Azizur Rahman

Keyword(s):

Invasive Species ◽

Structural Component ◽

Negative Effects ◽

Adhesive Properties ◽

The Past ◽

Positive Side ◽

Potential Benefits ◽

Negative Impacts ◽

Bodies Of Water ◽

Agricultural Setting

Didymosphenia geminata diatoms, or Didymo, was first found to be an invasive species that could have negative impacts on the environment due to the aggressive growth of its polysaccharide-based stalks. The stalks’ adhesive properties have prompted park officials to alert the general public to limit further spread and contamination of this algae to other bodies of water. Although the negative effects of Didymo have been studied in the past, recent studies have demonstrated a potential positive side to this alga. One of the potential benefits includes the structural component of the polysaccharide stalks. The origin of the polysaccharides within stalks remains unknown; however, they can be useful in a waste management and agricultural setting. The primary purpose of this study was to describe both the harmful and beneficial nature of Didymo. Important outcomes include findings related to its application in various fields such as medicine and technology. These polysaccharides can be isolated and studied closely to produce efficient solar power cells and batteries. Though they may be harmful while uncontained in nature, they appear to be very useful in the technological and medical advancement of our society.

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Evaluating the Role of Government Collaboration in the Perceived Performance of Community-Based Nonprofits: Three Propositions

Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory ◽

10.1093/jopart/muaa059 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

José Nederhand

Keyword(s):

The Political ◽

Network Ties ◽

Community Based ◽

Role Of Government ◽

Perceived Performance ◽

Political Network ◽

And Performance ◽

Nonprofit Collaboration ◽

The Relationship

Abstract The topic of government-nonprofit collaboration continues to be much-discussed in the literature. However, there has been little consensus on whether and how collaborating with government is beneficial for the performance of community-based nonprofits. This article examines three dominant theoretical interpretations of the relationship between collaboration and performance: collaboration is necessary for the performance of nonprofits; the absence of collaboration is necessary for the performance of nonprofits; and the effect of collaboration is contingent on the nonprofits’ bridging and bonding network ties. Building on the ideas of governance, nonprofit, and social capital in their respective literature, this article uses set-theoretic methods (fsQCA) to conceptualize and test their relationship. Results show the pivotal role of the nonprofit’s network ties in mitigating the effects of either collaborating or abstaining from collaborating with government. Particularly, the political network ties of nonprofits are crucial to explaining the relationship between collaboration and performance. The evidence demonstrates the value of studying collaboration processes in context.

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Soft Spherical Tensegrity Robot Design Using Rod-Centered Actuation and Control

Volume 5A: 40th Mechanisms and Robotics Conference ◽

10.1115/detc2016-60550 ◽

2016 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Lee-Huang Chen ◽

Kyunam Kim ◽

Ellande Tang ◽

Kevin Li ◽

Richard House ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Degrees Of Freedom ◽

Low Cost ◽

Space Exploration ◽

Robot Design ◽

The Novel ◽

Flexible Design ◽

Spherical Robot ◽

Potential Benefits ◽

And Performance ◽

And Control

This paper presents the design, analysis and testing of a fully actuated modular spherical tensegrity robot for co-robotic and space exploration applications. Robots built from tensegrity structures (composed of pure tensile and compression elements) have many potential benefits including high robustness through redundancy, many degrees of freedom in movement and flexible design. However to fully take advantage of these properties a significant fraction of the tensile elements should be active, leading to a potential increase in complexity, messy cable and power routing systems and increased design difficulty. Here we describe an elegant solution to a fully actuated tensegrity robot: The TT-3 (version 3) tensegrity robot, developed at UC Berkeley, in collaboration with NASA Ames, is a lightweight, low cost, modular, and rapidly prototyped spherical tensegrity robot. This robot is based on a ball-shaped six-bar tensegrity structure and features a unique modular rod-centered distributed actuation and control architecture. This paper presents the novel mechanism design, architecture and simulations of TT-3, the first untethered, fully actuated cable-driven six-bar tensegrity spherical robot ever built and tested for mobility. Furthermore, this paper discusses the controls and preliminary testing performed to observe the system’s behavior and performance.

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