Screening the Road Network for Sites with Promise

2002 ◽  
Vol 1784 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ezra Hauer ◽  
Jake Kononov ◽  
Bryan Allery ◽  
Michael S. Griffith
Keyword(s):  
Road Network ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Project Cost ◽  
The Road ◽  
Engineering Studies ◽  
Safety Improvement ◽  
Network Screening ◽  
Improvement Process ◽  
Safety Benefit

Network screening is the first step in the site safety improvement process. The product of network screening is a list of sites that are ranked by priority for the conduct of detailed engineering studies. In turn, cost-effective projects are formulated from the studies. With the purpose of laying the foundation for improved network screening, the role of network screening is clarified, and how project cost and safety benefit can be anticipated at the time of screening is examined. The strengths and weaknesses of alternative assumptions on which the anticipation of safety benefit can be based are discussed. A way to guard against misallocation of resources due to the randomness of accident counts is suggested, and a method for finding peak sites within road sections is proposed.

scholarly journals Politics, industry, and tourism: The conceptual construction of the blue highway

2020 ◽  
pp. 002252662097950
Author(s):  
Fredrik Bertilsson
Keyword(s):  
Road Network ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Community Building ◽  
Atlantic Coast ◽  
Political Agenda ◽  
The Road ◽  
Conceptual Construction ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Post War

This article contributes to the research on the expansion of the Swedish post-war road network by illuminating the role of tourism in addition to political and industrial agendas. Specifically, it examines the “conceptual construction” of the Blue Highway, which currently stretches from the Atlantic Coast of Norway, traverses through Sweden and Finland, and enters into Russia. The focus is on Swedish governmental reports and national press between the 1950s and the 1970s. The article identifies three overlapping meanings attached to the Blue Highway: a political agenda of improving the relationships between the Nordic countries, industrial interests, and tourism. Political ambitions of Nordic community building were clearly pronounced at the onset of the project. Industrial actors depended on the road for the building of power plants and dams. The road became gradually more connected with the view of tourism as the motor of regional development.

Improving Unpaved Roads in Virginia: Case Study

2003 ◽  
Vol 1819 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-154
Author(s):  
Michael W. Dunn ◽  
S. Noelle On
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Elected Officials ◽  
Unpaved Roads ◽  
The Road ◽  
Improvement Process ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Low Volume ◽  
Virginia Department

Minimizing costs and streamlining the construction of low-volume roads offers an opportunity for transportation agencies to effectively meet the needs of rural citizens. The Virginia Department of Transportation (VDOT) maintains approximately 56,941 mi of the state’s roads, including Interstate, primary, and secondary facilities. Between 1987 and 1994, VDOT paved nearly 1,900 mi of unpaved roads. In rural parts of the state, many miles of state-maintained roads still have gravel and dirt surfaces. Each year the local transportation residency offices, in conjunction with local elected officials, contractors, and area citizens, strive to improve and pave as many miles of gravel and dirt roads as possible. The Hillsville Residency of VDOT, located in rural Carroll and Floyd Counties, has developed an efficient and cost-effective method for improving low-volume gravel and dirt roads. This process relies heavily on cooperative efforts by VDOT, contractors, elected officials, and especially citizens. Land donations from citizens represent the cornerstone of this process, signifying that citizen cooperation is the key factor in a project’s success. Because most of the decisions in the improvement process are at the local residency level, trusting relationships and frequent communication can be established, small-scale and local contractors are given more business opportunities, and local VDOT personnel can better understand citizen concerns and perform road improvements accordingly. In addition, the time line for the road improvement process is based on seasons—the most appropriate weather conditions are considered for the work being performed. This program enables more roads to be paved each year, improving the level of service and quality of life for local citizens.

scholarly journals Roads support the spread of invasive Asclepias syriaca in Austria

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 257-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Swen Follak ◽  
Corina Schleicher ◽  
Michael Schwarz
Keyword(s):  
Road Network ◽  
Distribution Data ◽  
Asclepias Syriaca ◽  
Alien Plant ◽  
Invasive Alien Plant ◽  
The Road ◽  
Roadside Management ◽  
Road Type ◽  
Eastern Austria

Summary Asclepias syriaca is an invasive alien plant that has recently spread in Central Europe. The spatiotemporal spread of A. syriaca was reconstructed based on the distribution data for Austria. A. syriaca has increased in abundance and range, especially after the year 2005. At present, the species occurs primarily in eastern Austria (Vienna, Lower Austria), while it was rarely recorded in southern and western Austria. Further spread and range filling is probable. Moreover, the distribution of A. syriaca along roadsides and the role of road type and adjoining land use in facilitating its spread were studied in an area of high presence of the species in Lower Austria in 2018. It was shown that A. syriaca occurred regularly along roadsides and the chance of finding A. syriaca was higher along unpaved roads and along roadsides bordered by forests and grassland. The results indicate that the road network contributes to the spread of A. syriaca in the study area, most likely by providing suitable and well connected habitats. If A. syriaca densities are to be lowered, emphasis should be placed on both a proper roadside management (e.g., mowing regimes) and on the control of the species in the respective adjacent habitat.

scholarly journals Advances in Regression Kriging-Based Methods for Estimating Statewide Winter Weather Collisions: An Empirical Investigation

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 570-589
Author(s):  
Andy H. Wong ◽  
Tae J. Kwon
Keyword(s):  
Road Network ◽  
Kriging Model ◽  
Regression Kriging ◽  
Network Distance ◽  
True Nature ◽  
The Road ◽  
Statistical Measures ◽  
Network Screening ◽  
Effective Network ◽  
The Cost

Winter conditions create hazardous roads that municipalities work hard to maintain to ensure the safety of the travelling public. Targeting their efforts with effective network screening will help transportation managers address these problems. In our recent efforts, regression kriging was found to be a viable and effective network screening methodology. However, the study was constrained by its limited spatial extent making the reported results less conclusive and transferrable. In addition, our previous work implemented what has long been adopted in most of conventional studies—the Euclidean distance; however, use of the road network distance would, intuitively, result in further improving kriging estimates, especially when dealing with transportation problems. Therefore, this study improves upon our previous efforts by developing a more advanced kriging model; namely, network regression kriging using the entire state of Iowa with the significantly expanded road network. The transferability of the developed models is also explored to investigate its generalization potential. The findings based on various statistical measures suggest that the enhanced kriging model vastly improved the estimation performance at the cost of greater computational complexity and run times. The study also suggests that regional semivariograms better represent the true nature of the local variances, though an overall model may still function adequately if higher fidelity is not required.

scholarly journals Lane Detection and Lane Change Warning as Advanced Driver Assistance Systems using Computer Vision

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 5540-5543 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Road Network ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Lane Detection ◽  
Driver Assistance ◽  
Driver Assistance Systems ◽  
The Road ◽  
Growing Economy ◽  
On The Road ◽  
New Processing ◽  
Processing Techniques

Road ways are the life line of any economy, for a country like India where economy isgrowing rapidly it is putting its toll on every sector for meeting the needs of the growing economy. Good’s and personal transport are becoming vital with time and money aspects and the roads and vehicles on the roads are expected to perform optimally drastically increasing the speed on the road network and constantly increasing and modifying the infrastructure needed to meet the demands. As the speed of the vehicle increases the accident rate and the damage caused by the collision will also increase. Safety of the road network is not to be compromised and proper systems to ensure the safe passage of the vehicle and proper warning systems are to be implemented. This system should be viable in all the condition and should be cost-effective. In this paper we are implementing a vision based system to identify the lane and other vehicles from the video it captures from a properly calibrated camera mounted on the front side of the vehicle. The system is designed to automatically and continuously detect the lines exploiting the new processing techniques and warning the driver if any other is in the breaking distance of the vehicle or if the vehicle is moving out of the lane. Cost effectiveness of the system is a major aspect as many of the available systems use equipment which very good at performing their task but are not affordable. Effort is put in making the system cost effective and not compromising with the reaction time and accuracy..

Benefits from Constructing a Dam Across the Vistula in Siarzewo in Terms of Transport and Environmental Protection

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Kempa ◽  
Jacek Chmielewski ◽  
Grzegorz Bebyn
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Transport Model ◽  
Investment Project ◽  
Dam Construction ◽  
Transport Activity ◽  
The Road ◽  
Traffic Conditions ◽  
On The Road

This paper presents the results of analyses that concern the benefits from the planned construction of a dam across the Vistula in Siarzewo. The simulated transport model developed in the VISUM environment has been used to determine the forecast traffic intensity, the value of traffic volume indices, transport activity, travel times of drivers and passengers as well as the costs of environmental impact. The above-mentioned characteristics have enabled to determine savings both in terms of traffic costs and environmental impacts resulting from the dam construction. The paper indicates that the implementation of the investment project improves traffic conditions on the road network and reduces the transport environmental impact in Kujawsko-Pomorskie Province. Moreover, it has been found that the revealed effects concern in particular the first years after the launch of the project. The development of the road network diminishes the role of the analysed investment project significantly.

scholarly journals Considerations on the role of modernizing the road infrastructure in the prevention of road accidents

2019 ◽  
Vol 290 ◽  
pp. 06004
Author(s):  
Cristian Deac ◽  
Lucian Tarnu
Keyword(s):  
Road Safety ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
Road Infrastructure ◽  
The Road ◽  
Traffic Conditions ◽  
Pedestrian Crossing

The realizing and improvement of road infrastructure, of modern road networks provides normal, safe and pleasant road traffic conditions and also help prevent road accidents. The road network, with its constructive characteristics, has to offer optimal conditions for the movement of vehicles, pedestrians and other categories of participants in the road traffic. Starting from the case study of a road sector with heavy road traffic, the current paper analyzes the increase in road safety in Romanian localities along European and national roads through the implementation of specific measures such as setting up sidewalks, installing New Jersey median barriers, expanding the road sectors with 2+1 lanes, replacing normal pedestrian crossings with elevated crossings or with pedestrian crossing with mid-road waiting areas etc.

scholarly journals PERAN PERKEMBANGAN KEGIATAN INDUSTRI DAN PERDAGANGAN JASA TERHADAP PERUBAHAN STRUKTUR RUANG KAWASAN SOLO BARU

Arsitektura ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Intan Dwi Astuti ◽  
Murtanti Jani Rahayu ◽  
Rizon Pamardhi Utomo
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Distribution Centers ◽  
The Road ◽  
And Function

<p><em>Solo Baru area </em><em>is a satellite city that grew due to the </em><em>phenomenon of u</em><em>r</em><em>ban sprawl </em><em>in </em><em>Surakarta</em><em>.</em><em> </em><em>This area</em><em> growth of more advanced and dominated by economic activity, especially industrial and trade-services activities</em><em>.  The problem is d</em><em>evelopment </em><em>on industrial and trade-services activities</em><em> </em><em> occur </em><em> </em><em> in Solo Baru certainly will encourage a change in the spatial area as centers of activit</em><em>ies</em><em>, patterns of land use and road network</em><em>. </em><em>Changes in the spatial aspect will have a negative impact on the regularity of the spatial structure and function of </em><em> the</em><em> area to the surrounding area.</em><em> </em><em>Therefore, this research was conducted to determine the role of the development of industrial and trade-services activities to </em><em>the </em><em>changes in the </em><em>spatial </em><em>structure</em><em> of Solo Baru area </em><em>.</em><em> </em><em>The method of research is deductive-quantitative</em><em>, while the data analisys technique used is </em><em> descriptive analysis of quantitative and spatial descriptive. The results of this study </em><em>notes </em><em>that both </em><em>of industrial and trade-services activities have</em><em> developed </em><em>from years</em><em> 2002-2014 </em><em>that </em><em>occurred development of industrial activity by 43% and trade-services activities amounted to 140%.</em><em> </em><em> The role of the development of industrial and trade-services activities include the agglomeration of activities and to encourage a change in the distribution centers that changes occur in the central-sub</em><em>central</em><em> models that undergo a change from a non-centered to form multi-nodal. In addition, the  industrial and trade-services activities also encourage land use changes and then </em><em>give</em><em> impact </em><em>to </em><em>the </em><em>shift </em><em>and functional zoning exist within the area as well as attract more movement leads to a change in the function and capacity of the road network.</em><em></em></p><p><strong><em> </em></strong></p><p><strong><em>Keywords:</em></strong><em> </em><em>activity development role</em><em>, industrial, </em><em>spatial structure, trade-services</em></p>

scholarly journals Coordination between participants in the BIM-based renovation of street engineering networks

2021 ◽  
Vol 244 ◽  
pp. 05001
Author(s):  
Pavel Shatalov ◽  
Andrey Eremin ◽  
Elena Sharapova ◽  
Anna Vorotyntseva
Keyword(s):  
Information Exchange ◽  
Smart Grids ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Digital Data ◽  
The Road ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Step Procedure ◽  
Single Complex

The paper discusses the solution to the problem of communication between the parties interested in the implementation of projects for the renovation of street engineering networks in the context of the construction of “Smart cities in Russia” through the use of BIM technologies, including the program “60+”. The prospects and difficulties arising in the implementation of BIM in the Russian Federation are considered. The term of BIM-based renovation of street engineering networks (BbRSEN) is proposed. An effective digital data environment for conducting BbRSEN is presented, the main participants, the emerging flows of information exchange between them, and the role of the state are identified. A universal step-by-step procedure for the implementation of BbRSEN and the possibility of its subsequent cyclic use throughout the city has been developed. The result of BbRSEN is not only a comprehensive cost-effective replacement of engineering infrastructure, but also the creation of “Smart grids” that become the basis for the future development of a “Smart city” in which all engineering networks are designed as a single complex of urban infrastructure with the calculation of the efficiency of the entire life cycle. The introduction of the attribute in the digital model, which characterizes the wear of the networks, is substantiated for the harmonization of the repair cycles of the road surface and all underground communications under it.

INFLUENCE OF OPERATIONAL PARAMETERS OF ROADS ON THE ECOSYSTEM ROADSIDE

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 58-60
Author(s):  
Бурмистрова ◽  
Olga Burmistrova
Keyword(s):  
Road Network ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Capacity Constraints ◽  
Economic Approach ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
The Road ◽  
Environmental Criteria ◽  
Selection Of

This article examines the role of roads in view of the existing negative impact on the environment. So far, the selection of a rational variant of the road network is focused on traditional techno-economic approach. Therefore, there is need to develop environmental criteria in relation to which the costs will be shown to act as indicators of capacity constraints volumes of material and transport flows.

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