Evaluation of Innovative Bike-Box Application in Eugene, Oregon

2000 ◽  
Vol 1705 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
William W. Hunter
Keyword(s):  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Traffic Signals ◽  
Traffic Signal ◽  
Target Group ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Vehicle Traffic ◽  
Frequency Of Use ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Signal Changes ◽  
The Right

An innovative “bike box”—a right-angle extension to a bike lane (BL) at the head of the intersection—was installed with accompanying traffic signs but no extra traffic signals at a busy downtown intersection featuring two one-way streets in Eugene, Oregon, in summer 1998. The box allows bicyclists traveling to the intersection in a left side BL to get to the head of the traffic queue on a red traffic signal indication and then proceed ahead of motor vehicle traffic toward a right side BL when the traffic signal changes to green. Cyclists traveling through the intersection were videotaped before and after placement of the box. The videotapes were coded to evaluate operational behaviors and conflicts with motorists, other bicyclists, and pedestrians. Twenty-two percent of the bicyclists who approached in the left side BL and then crossed to the BL on the right side of the street (the bicyclists for whom the box was most intended) used the box. Many more bicyclists in this target group could have used the box (i.e., they had a red signal indication and enough time to move into the box). A problem with motor vehicle encroachments into the box likely diminished the frequency of use. The rate of conflicts between bicycles and motor vehicles changed little in the before and after periods. No conflicts took place while the bike box was being used as intended.

scholarly journals Failure by Parents or Other Legal Representatives of Minors to Fulfill Their Obligations to Teach the Latter the Traffic Rules, to Foster a Responsible Attitude to Their Compliance, Expressed in the Admission of Driving Vehicles by Minors Who Do Not Have This Right, Which Caused Serious Consequences Due to Negligence

2020 ◽  
pp. 57-61
Author(s):  
Aleksei Viktorovich Ravnyushkin ◽  
Aleksandr Petrovich Nagorny
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Criminal Liability ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Administrative Punishment ◽  
Responsible Attitude ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Right ◽  
Traffic Rules ◽  
Administrative Responsibility

One of the most acute problems nowadays is the prob-lem of reducing not only the rate of accidents, but also the number of injuries and deaths on the roads. The in-crease in the number of minors injured in road acci-dents, including those driving motor vehicles, causes particular concern. It is stated that bringing individuals to administrative responsibility is possible for transfer-ring control of a motor vehicle to a person who knowing-ly does not have the right to drive a motor vehicle under Part 3 of Article 12.7 of the Code of Administrative Of-fences of the Russian Federation, and also for not taking measures to prevent repeated driving vehicles by mi-nors who do not have such right, under Part 1 of Article 5.35 of the Code of Administrative Offences of the Rus-sian Federation. However, administrative responsibility and measures of administrative punishment do not pre-vent serious socially dangerous consequences from driving motor vehicles by minors who do not have this right. The present study substantiates the need to estab-lish criminal liability for failure by parents to fulfill their obligations to educate and teach minors to observe traf-fic rules, which is expressed in letting minors drive mo-tor vehicles without having this right, which resulted in serious consequences due to negligence.

Pedestrian Travel Times and Motor Vehicle Traffic Signals

1996 ◽  
Vol 1553 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert B. Noland
Keyword(s):  
Travel Time ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Traffic Signals ◽  
Vehicle Traffic ◽  
Cycle Times ◽  
Signal Average ◽  
Vehicle Delay ◽  
Pedestrian Traffic ◽  
Pedestrian Travel ◽  
Travel Delay

Traffic signals generally have been installed to maximize the flow of motor vehicle traffic by reducing the average travel delay time. Under free-flow conditions, motor vehicle travel delay is very sensitive to the amount of green phase and the total cycle of the traffic signal. Average pedestrian delay at traffic signals is not taken into account. Some simple examples are used to demonstrate that travel time delay costs to pedestrians caused by existing signalization cycles may often result in increased travel time costs to society. In areas with heavy pedestrian traffic (or during peak pedestrian hours), traffic signals should trade off the costs of motor vehicle delay with pedestrian delay. This may suggest that in some areas, motor vehicle traffic should be banned or severely restricted. Narrower street widths that can allow reduced total signal cycle times can also reduce pedestrian delay.

CHANGES IN POLISH LEGAL REGULATIONS CONCERNING ROAD TRAFFIC IN THE 20S AND 30S OF THE 20TH CENTURY, IN THE CONTEXT OF AN EXEMPLARY ROAD COLLISION

2018 ◽  
Vol VIII (z. 2) ◽  
pp. 191-201
Author(s):  
Tomasz Sypniewski
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Public Works ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Legal Regulations ◽  
Normal Functioning ◽  
Vehicle Traffic ◽  
Internal Affairs

Today, looking at the still crowded streets of our cities, we often do not realize how important and essential for their normal functioning are legal regulations of road traffic for all its users. The beginnings of Polish legislation in this field date back to the 1920s. The dynamics of change, occurring in this relatively new field of life, required the introduction of a series of further adjustments and revisions. The Regulation of July 6, 1922 was only six years old. On January 27, 1928, the Minister of Public Works and the Minister of Internal Affairs in agreement with the Minister of Military Affairs passed a regulation on the movement of motor vehicles on public roads. Before 1939, normative acts regulating the rules of motor vehicle traffic were repealed twice and replaced with newer legal acts.

Conversions of Wide Curb Lanes

2005 ◽  
Vol 1939 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
William W. Hunter ◽  
John R. Feaganes ◽  
Raghavan Srinivasan
Keyword(s):  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Broward County ◽  
Before And After ◽  
New Locations ◽  
Over Time

This paper examines the operational effects of converting a 14-ft-wide curb lane to an 11-ft-wide travel lane with a 3-ft-wide undesignated lane at various locations in Broward County, Florida. Six midblock sites with various configurations were selected for study. Two of the midblock sites had previously been striped with the 3-ft undesignated lane, and these served as comparison sites. Videotapes were taken of bicyclists riding through the midblock and intersection locations before and after placement of the 3-ft undesignated lane striping. At the locations where the 3-ft stripe was already in place, the videotaping was done to examine whether changes were occurring over time. Software was used to extract images at all midblock locations so that before and after lateral spacing measurements could be obtained. After the new striping, ( a) bicycles were ridden, on average, 7 to 9 in. further away from the gutter pan seam; ( b) motor vehicles were driven, on average, 6 to 12 in. farther away from the gutter pan seam; ( c) passing motor vehicles were driven, on average, 3 to 5 in. closer to bicycles at curb and gutter sites; conversely, passing motor vehicles were driven, on average, 4 to 5 in. farther away from bicycles at the sites where the stripe was already in place; and ( d) the addition of the stripe at new locations had the effect of reducing the amount of motor vehicle encroachment into the adjacent lane on these multilane roadways.

scholarly journals Bilevel Programming for Traffic Signal Coordinated Control considering Pedestrian Crossing

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dawei Li ◽  
Yuchen Song ◽  
Qiong Chen
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Bilevel Programming ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Coordinated Control ◽  
Traffic Signal ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Traffic Efficiency ◽  
Pedestrian Delays ◽  
Pedestrian Crossing

With the rapid development of the subway, more and more people choose it as the main method of transportation. However, practically, the large number of pedestrians near some large metro stations can also correspondingly affect the traffic of motor vehicles on the roads adjacent to the stations. In this study, coordinated control of the traffic signal which considers the pedestrian crossing delay is studied based on this background. Firstly, the model of progression band in adjacent intersections is analyzed comprehensively, and the calculation formulas of progression bandwidth and the delay of vehicles which are from the progression of traffic flow under different conditions are given. Secondly, five different models of pedestrian delay are analyzed. Under different conditions of motor vehicle and pedestrian traffic flow, the Vissim fitting and proofreading are carried out and the optimal models under different conditions are obtained. Finally, the bilevel programming problem which fuses the above two models is determined; by coding an algorithm, it can be resolved. Furthermore, taking eight signalized intersections from Jiming Temple to Daxinggong along Nanjing Metro Line 3 as the actual background, the calculation and optimization of coordinated control are carried out. It is found that at the expense of the traffic efficiency of large intersections to a certain extent, a wider progression band can be formulated on the roads between them, and pedestrian delays can be reduced in general.

Investigation of the Effect of Super Sharrows on Cyclist and Vehicle Behavior

2017 ◽  
Vol 2659 (1) ◽  
pp. 224-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Kassim ◽  
Karim Ismail ◽  
Suzanne Woo
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Potential Effect ◽  
Safety Performance ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Lane Change ◽  
Performance Parameters ◽  
The Right ◽  
Left Lane

This study examined the potential effect of special paintings of shared lane markings (super sharrows) on a number of operational and safety performance parameters for cyclists and motor vehicles. These performance parameters were used to assess pretreatment and posttreatment behavior when cyclists and motor vehicles were near one another. The performance parameters were ( a) rate of lane change maneuvers performed by vehicles in the presence as well as the absence of cyclists and ( b) lateral spacing between cyclists, vehicles, and curb edge. In general, the main objectives of this treatment were ( a) providing cyclists with comfort by allowing them to ride in the middle of the travel lane and ( b) promoting safe passing by motor vehicles. The effect of the super sharrows on cyclists and motor vehicles was analyzed with statistical analysis by comparing pretreatment and posttreatment conditions. The key findings are as follow: ( a) super sharrows had an effect on motor vehicle lane change maneuvers, represented by an increase in the percentage of motor vehicles that changed from the right lane (location of super sharrows) to the left lane with the presence of a cyclist on the right lane; ( b) the number of motor vehicles that changed from right lane to left lane and back to right lane in both full and partial encroachment into the left lane decreased; ( c) the number of the motor vehicle lane change maneuvers from left to right lane decreased; and ( d) cyclists were found to be riding farther from the right curb with the presence of the super sharrows.

The Impact Analysis of Signal Intersection Right-Turn Motor Vehicles on Straight Bicycles

2012 ◽  
Vol 253-255 ◽  
pp. 2014-2019
Author(s):  
Lin Wang ◽  
Shu Ping Jia
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Impact Analysis ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Calculation Formula ◽  
Flow Calculation ◽  
Vehicle Traffic ◽  
The Impact

The characteristics of the intersection of bicycle was studied through survey and data analysis, and we got straight bicycle losses flow calculation formula under the influence of right turn motor vehicle. Through simulation to analysis the impact of its capacity further when motor vehicle traffic, plus the deceleration and the proportion of bus changes, and measures were proposed to improve bicycle capacity.

Influence of Traffic Signal Timing on Red-Light Running and Potential Vehicle Conflicts at Urban Intersections

1997 ◽  
Vol 1595 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard A. Retting ◽  
Michael A. Greene
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Red Light ◽  
Traffic Signals ◽  
Traffic Signal ◽  
Signal Timing ◽  
Red Light Running ◽  
Sustained Effects ◽  
Traffic Violation ◽  
Traffic Signal Timing

Motor vehicle crashes at traffic signals are a major source of injuries and property damage, especially in urban areas. Many crashes result from vehicles entering the intersection after the onset of a red light, a traffic violation that may be affected by the duration of the change interval (the yellow and all-red periods of the traffic signal). The purpose of this study was to examine short-term and sustained effects on red-light compliance and potential vehicle conflicts as a result of an increase in change intervals to values associated with the Institute of Traffic Engineers (ITE) proposed recommended practice for determining vehicle change intervals. Data were collected during an experiment in an urban location involving changes in signal timing at some 10 intersections. Observations included the proportion of signal cycles with vehicles entering on a red light and the proportion of vehicles exiting the intersection after the onset of a conflicting green signal. Results indicate that change intervals set closer to ITE’s proposed recommended practice can reduce red-light violations and potential right-angle vehicle conflicts and that such safety benefits can be sustained.

Crime by Design: An Exploratory Investigation

1998 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Learn A. Craig
Keyword(s):  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Criminal Activity ◽  
Development Programme ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Scaling Analysis ◽  
Residential Design ◽  
District Council ◽  
Exploratory Investigation ◽  
Prevention Campaign ◽  
Before And After

This paper extends and develops Newman's (1972) theory of defensible space, by investigating changes in criminal activity as a result of a re-development programme initiated by a district council and local police authority. As part of a re-development programme, the housing estate underwent changes in environmental and residential design as part of a crime prevention campaign to reduce criminal activity. The offence types: burglary, criminal damage, theft of a motor vehicle and theft from a motor vehicle were assessed both before and after the implementation of the redevelopment programme. Problems in analysing qualitative data were overcome by using a non-metric multidimensional scaling analysis, Partial Order Scalogram Analysis (POSA). The crime site profiles of all four offences were shown to be qualitatively and quantitatively different in the ‘new’ estate. It was found that, where access by both roads and footpaths had been restricted, the crime site profile changed favouring features such as a corner and terraced and identifying a new, vulnerable property. Reported offences relating to motor vehicles reduced significantly. However, incidences of both burglary and criminal damage increased. It was argued that this shift in offence type was an example of ‘displacement theory’, whereby, due to the restrictions imposed in the new estate, the criminal activity had been displaced towards an alternative offence.

The Influence of Traffic Signal Solutions on Self-Reported Road-Crossing Behavior

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leandro L. Di Stasi ◽  
Alberto Megías ◽  
Antonio Cándido ◽  
Antonio Maldonado ◽  
Andrés Catena
Keyword(s):  
Modern Society ◽  
Traffic Signals ◽  
Traffic Signal ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Signal Design ◽  
Traffic Light ◽  
Modern Cities ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Road Crossing

AbstractInjury to pedestrians is a major safety hazard in many countries. Since the beginning of the last century, modern cities have been designed around the use of motor vehicles despite the unfavourable interactions between the vehicles and pedestrians. This push towards urbanization resulted in a substantial number of crashes and fatalities involving pedestrians every day, all over the world. Thus, improving the design of urban cities and townships is a pressing issue for modern society. The study presented here provides a characterization of pedestrian safety problems, with the emphasis on signalized crosswalks (i.e. traffic signal) design solutions. We tested the impact of seven different traffic light configurations (steady [green, yellow, and red], flashing [green, yellow, and red], and light off) on pedestrian self-reported road-crossing behavior, using a 11-point scale -ranging from 0 (“I never cross in this situation”) to 10 (“I always cross in this situation”). Results showed that mandatory solutions (steady green vs. steady red) are the best solutions to avoid unsafe pedestrian behaviors while crossing controlled intersections (frequency of crossing: Mgreen = 9.4 ± 1 vs. Mred = 2.6 ± 2). These findings offer important guidelines for the design of future traffic signals for encouraging a pedestrian/transit-friendly environment.

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