A Case Study on the Unit Development Based on Backward Design: Focusing on Cultural Enjoyment Competency

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 81-104
Author(s):  
Mi Jung Lee ◽  
Dong Sung Lee
Keyword(s):  
Backward Design

Theoretical and practical considerations in the design of an intercultural communication course

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-191
Author(s):  
Teresa Yi-jung Hsieh
Keyword(s):  
Collaborative Learning ◽  
Intercultural Communication ◽  
Intercultural Competence ◽  
Course Design ◽  
Communication Course ◽  
Teaching Activities ◽  
Backward Design ◽  
Constructive Alignment ◽  
Active And Collaborative Learning

Abstract The aim of this article is to highlight theoretical and practical considerations in design of an intercultural communication course. The first part of the article considers intercultural competence, and uses Bourdieu’s notions of education to frame the design of an intercultural communication course. This is followed by discussion of general principles of intercultural course design; the concepts of backward design and constructive alignment as they relate to an intercultural communication course; and finally, the importance of including active and collaborative learning/teaching activities within course design. The remainder of the article draws on a case study of an existing Australian undergraduate course in intercultural communication to highlight how this course may be redesigned in line with the pedagogical principles discussed in the first part of the article.

scholarly journals Exploring the Constructive Alignment of Pedagogical Practices in Science and Engineering Education in Sub-Saharan African Universities: A Nigerian Case Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
David Olubiyi Obada ◽  
Olayinka Adewumi ◽  
Chika Yinka-Banjo ◽  
Amos Bajeh ◽  
Razak Alli-Oke
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Faculty Members ◽  
Pedagogical Practices ◽  
Design Approach ◽  
Science And Engineering ◽  
Backward Design ◽  
Effective Manner ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Undergraduate Science

Improved pedagogical approaches in teaching science and engineering are crucial to solving the most pressing technological challenges faced in most developing countries. Despite the avalanche of programs to train faculty members to fill this need, there is a need to conceptualize benchmarks for evaluating how teaching should be delivered to students in our institutions. The aim of this paper is to understand how science and engineering courses can be taught in a more effective manner in our universities, especially in developing countries, using the backward design approach. Several case studies of undergraduate science and engineering courses were outlined and the backward design approach was used to put them in context. Questions generated by the conceptual framework guided the analyses and these components constructively aligned with each other.

scholarly journals A Conceptualized Hydrail Powertrain: A Case Study of the Union Pearson Express Route

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehran Haji Akhoundzadeh ◽  
Kaamran Raahemifar ◽  
Satyam Panchal ◽  
Ehsan Samadani ◽  
Ehsan Haghi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Storage Systems ◽  
Time Variable ◽  
Power Demand ◽  
Simulation Data ◽  
Backward Design ◽  
Variable Power ◽  
Power And Energy

A hydrogen rail (hydrail) powertrain is conceptualized in this study, using drive cycles collected from the trains currently working on the Union Pearson Express (UPE) railroad. The powertrain consists of three preliminary different subsystems: fuel cell, battery, and hydrogen storage systems. A backward design approach is proposed to calculate the time-variable power demand based on a “route simulation data” method. The powertrain components are then conceptually sized according to the calculated duty cycle. The results of this study show that 275 kg of hydrogen is sufficient to satisfy the daily power and energy demand of a hydrogen locomotive with drive cycles similar to the ones currently working on the UPE rail route.

scholarly journals A case study of curriculum development: Backward or forward/central design?

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-28
Author(s):  
Nguyen Thanh Tung
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Transfer ◽  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Case Study Research ◽  
Learning Objectives ◽  
Competency Development ◽  
Backward Design ◽  
Criterion Referenced ◽  
Main Components ◽  
The University

Nowadays universities in Vietnam have begun to update their curricula by adopting a backward design with a focus on students’ learning outcomes to replace the old-fashioned forward model. However, to have a constructive alignment is a problem they have to face. This situation has prompted this case study research in May 2020, intending to examine a curriculum to find out whether it is coherent in terms of its main components – objectives, syllabus, methodology, and evaluation. The findings of the study indicate that for this case, although the curriculum was claimed to be of a backward design with learning outcomes as program objectives, it turned out to follow a forward one with more focus on knowledge transfer than competency development. In particular, as the program learning objectives were still written according to knowledge transmission, it was not constructively aligned with the three main components of syllabus, methodology and evaluation: The syllabi were mainly based on the experience of the experts in the field or syllabus designers, the innovation of the methodology as directed by the university with a shift of focus from the lecturer to learners was still interpreted rigidly and mechanically, and the evaluation of student learning was generally claimed to be criterion-referenced only without any elaboration for each syllabus.

The Genesis and Internal Dynamics of El Salvador's People's Revolutionary Army, 1970–1976

2014 ◽  
Vol 38 (01) ◽  
pp. 102-129
Author(s):  
ALBERTO MARTÍN ÁLVAREZ ◽  
EUDALD CORTINA ORERO
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
El Salvador ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Left Wing ◽  
Internal Dynamics ◽  
Internal Coherence ◽  
The 1960S

AbstractUsing interviews with former militants and previously unpublished documents, this article traces the genesis and internal dynamics of the Ejército Revolucionario del Pueblo (People's Revolutionary Army, ERP) in El Salvador during the early years of its existence (1970–6). This period was marked by the inability of the ERP to maintain internal coherence or any consensus on revolutionary strategy, which led to a series of splits and internal fights over control of the organisation. The evidence marshalled in this case study sheds new light on the origins of the armed Salvadorean Left and thus contributes to a wider understanding of the processes of formation and internal dynamics of armed left-wing groups that emerged from the 1960s onwards in Latin America.

Culture and the plasticity of perception

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Lifshitz ◽  
T. M. Luhrmann
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Context ◽  
Sensory Experience ◽  
Cultural Learning ◽  
The World

Abstract Culture shapes our basic sensory experience of the world. This is particularly striking in the study of religion and psychosis, where we and others have shown that cultural context determines both the structure and content of hallucination-like events. The cultural shaping of hallucinations may provide a rich case-study for linking cultural learning with emerging prediction-based models of perception.

Dual systems for all: Higher-order, role-based relational reasoning as a uniquely derived feature of human cognition

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel J. Povinelli ◽  
Gabrielle C. Glorioso ◽  
Shannon L. Kuznar ◽  
Mateja Pavlic
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Reasoning ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Important Case ◽  
Human Cognition ◽  
Relational Reasoning ◽  
Dual Systems ◽  
First Order ◽  
Reasoning System ◽  
Role Based

Abstract Hoerl and McCormack demonstrate that although animals possess a sophisticated temporal updating system, there is no evidence that they also possess a temporal reasoning system. This important case study is directly related to the broader claim that although animals are manifestly capable of first-order (perceptually-based) relational reasoning, they lack the capacity for higher-order, role-based relational reasoning. We argue this distinction applies to all domains of cognition.

Sociocultural memory development research drives new directions in gadgetry science

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Penny Van Bergen ◽  
John Sutton
Keyword(s):  
Episodic Memory ◽  
Autobiographical Memory ◽  
Developmental Psychology ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Memory Development ◽  
Development Research ◽  
Cultural Research ◽  
New Directions ◽  
Cross Cultural Research

Abstract Sociocultural developmental psychology can drive new directions in gadgetry science. We use autobiographical memory, a compound capacity incorporating episodic memory, as a case study. Autobiographical memory emerges late in development, supported by interactions with parents. Intervention research highlights the causal influence of these interactions, whereas cross-cultural research demonstrates culturally determined diversity. Different patterns of inheritance are discussed.

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