Hydrogeologic framework of the North Fork and surrounding areas, Long Island, New York

2004 ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Klevtsova ◽  
Julia Sackheim ◽  
Eric Spitzer ◽  
Bettina Fries

1938 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
James D. Burggraf

The coast of Long Island is dotted with shellheaps, both large and small, of which all but a few are true kitchen middens of the pre-white contact period. This is particularly true of the region investigated by the writer, from the New York City line to Stony Brook on the North Shore. In only one heap examined prior to 1936 did a single artifact of European origin present itself. In that instance, a badly corroded triangular arrow of iron was found in a pit surrounded by deep deposits of shell and other refuse that contained not one fragment of metal, glass, or crockery. In this heap the majority of arrow points were of local quartz, and triangular in pattern. The pottery was abundant, and though most sherds were of typical Long Island Algonkin vessels, there was a fair amount of definitely Iroquoian ware including a small, nearly complete, square-collared pot that cannot be distinguished from a Mohawk Valley specimen.


1968 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 322-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bert Salwen

AbstractMuskeeta Cove 2 is a stratified, two-component Woodland site on the north shore of Long Island in Glen Cove, Nassau County, New York. The earlier occupation, in the upper 6 in. of a glacial sand zone, is attributed, on the evidence of its ceramic content, to the earlier segment of the Windsor tradition, most probably its North Beach focus. The second occupation, in a thin layer of black midden earth and shell overlying the sand, is more difficult to identify culturally. By many criteria, most of its pottery can be assigned to the Bowmans Brook focus of the East River tradition, but this assemblage is most distinctive for the disconcerting way in which it blends Bowmans Brook ceramic traits with those of the contemporary Sebonac (Windsor) and Canandaigua (Owasco) foci—often on the same sherds. This mixture of traits has prompted the suggestion that, in this boundary region at least, the generally accepted invasion-replacement relationship between East River and Windsor must be reexamined. After analysis of the pottery from this site, in which the distributions of individual modes as well as their combinations into whole types are considered, a new hypothesis is tentatively advanced: Early East River pottery is seen as the result of the blending of Sebonac, Canandaigua, and central New Jersey decorative modes on vessels with the constricted necks and elongateglobular bodies that were the dominant formal horizon markers throughout the entire region at this time level. Diffusion, rather than invasion, would appear to be the central process here.


1990 ◽  
Vol 117 (4) ◽  
pp. 450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew M. Greller ◽  
David C. Locke ◽  
Victoria Kilanowski ◽  
G. Elizabeth Lotowycz

2020 ◽  
pp. 187-192
Author(s):  
Randall R. Reeves

The catch history of the North Atlantic right whales (Eubalaena glacialis) in the western North Atlantic has been studied in a series ofprojects. Data from European archives on early Basque whaling, centred in the Strait of Belle Isle, showed that there were at least a fewthousand right whales in the northern part of the range in the sixteenth century. Data from shore whaling in the eastern United Statessupplemented by British customs data indicated that there were still more than a thousand right whales in the southern part of the range(i.e. south from Nova Scotia) in the late seventeenth century. Right whales were depleted throughout the western North Atlantic by themiddle of the eighteenth century, but small shore whaling enterprises persisted in some areas and pelagic whalers continued to kill rightwhales opportunistically. An increase in alongshore whaling occurred at Long Island (New York) beginning in the 1850s and in North andSouth Carolina, Georgia and northern Florida in the 1870s-1880s. By the start of the twentieth century only a few crews of shore whalersremained active in Long Island and North Carolina, and their whaling efforts were desultory. All evidence points to stock depletion as theprimary reason for the demise of organised whaling for right whales in eastern North America. Recent sightings indicate that some rightwhales travel from the Bay of Fundy and Scotian Shelf far to the north and east, at least occasionally reaching the historic Cape FarewellGround. Areas known to have been used regularly by right whales in the past (e.g. Gulf of St Lawrence, Delaware Bay) are now visitedseasonally by only a few individuals. Recent surveys of Cintra Bay, a historic right whale wintering ground in the eastern North Atlantic,provided no evidence of continued use by right whales.


1989 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.E. Grosz ◽  
G.P. Burbanck ◽  
M.P. Aparisi ◽  
W.M. Kelly ◽  
J.R. Albanese
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  

2015 ◽  
Vol 143 (10) ◽  
pp. 4104-4125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara A. Ganetis ◽  
Brian A. Colle

Abstract An intense snowband developed across Long Island, New York, to the north and west of the surface cyclone center on 8–9 February 2013. The snowband evolved through three distinct phases during its 12-h lifetime. During phase 1 the band developed in an area of low-to-midlevel frontogenesis and pivoted over central Long Island and southern Connecticut, where it remained for approximately 10 h. The environment surrounding the snowband cooled to <0°C; however, the band was collocated with a 900–700-hPa layer that remained above 0°C for ~5 h. During phase 2 the band exhibited heavy snowfall rates exceeding 7.5–10 cm h−1 with large and aggregated snow, wet-growth hail-like particles, and a radar reflectivity of ~55 dBZ. About 1 h later during phase 3, the snowband reflectivity decreased to near 30 dBZ and was characterized by less dense snow in a colder environment while still maintaining heavy snowfall rates (6.5–6.7 cm h−1). The Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model was used to analyze the band and temperature evolution. Model trajectories terminating within the warmer snowband environment underwent rapid ascent on the east side of the band during which condensation and deposition enhanced the warming before undergoing rapid descent within the band. Analysis of the thermodynamic equation within the band environment revealed that this subsidence warming and upstream condensational heating for trajectories entering the band partially offset the diabatic cooling term, which supported a warmer layer and mixed precipitation during phase 2. Finally, model sensitivity tests showed that melting helped cool low levels and change the microphysical character to all snow during phase 3.


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