Influence of extraction technique on the mineral content and antioxidant capacity of edible oil extracted from ginger rhizome

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chem Int
Keyword(s):  
Solvent Extraction ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Soxhlet Extraction ◽  
Extraction Technique ◽  
Dpph Radical ◽  
Ginger Rhizome ◽  
Dpph Radical Scavenging ◽  
Solvent Solvent

Influence of various extraction techniques (solvent-solvent, cold maceration and soxhlet extraction) on the mineral content and antioxidant capacity of ginger oil was investigated. The minerals determined were magnesium, manganese, zinc, iron, calcium, potassium, sodium and phosphorus. Flavonoid and phenolic contents were determined alongside the antioxidant capacity of the oils which was assayed using DPPH radical scavenging activity and total reducing power. Extracted oil showed strong characteristic pungent gingerly odor and was liquids at room temperature. Highest oil yield was obtained by soxhlet extraction technique (8.04± 0.04%); followed by cold maceration technique (5.30±0.03%) and the lowest by solvent-solvent extraction technique (4.83±0.08%). The results of the mineral analysis showed that oil obtained by soxhlet extraction technique had the highest concentration of all minerals determined, except manganese (3.80±0.01 mg/100g) which was highest in the oil obtained by cold maceration. The oil obtained by solvent-solvent extraction showed lowest concentration of all minerals determined, except calcium (1.08±0.10 mg/100g) and zinc (0.63±0.11 mg/100g) which were lowest in oil obtained by cold maceration. However, the concentration of phosphorus was highest in all the oils when compared with other minerals. Oil obtained by soxhlet extraction showed the highest concentration of flavonoids (118.00±1.00 mgQE/g) and phenolics (217.33±1.53 mgGAE/g) as well as the highest average DPPH radical scavenging capacity (55.56±0.04%) and average total reducing power (0.88±0.002) while the least concentration of flavonoids (44.45±2.97 mgQE/g), phenolics (112.43±1.42 mgGAE/g), average DPPH radical scavenging capability (19.73±0.01%) and average total reducing power (0.55±0.030) were obtained for the oil obtained by solvent-solvent extraction technique. The results showed that heat and reflux condition involved in the soxhlet extraction technique enhanced the extraction of minerals and phytochemicals from ginger rhizome and also enhanced the antioxidant capacity of ginger rhizome oil.

scholarly journals Evaluation of antioxidant capacity of polysaccharide in Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.) during overwintering

2019 ◽  
Vol 78 ◽  
pp. 02008
Author(s):  
Hong-li Zhou ◽  
Bing Li ◽  
Mei-fu Wu ◽  
Ye Liu
Keyword(s):  
Hydroxyl Radical ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Mass Concentration ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Jerusalem Artichoke ◽  
Dpph Radical ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Dpph Radical Scavenging ◽  
Radical Scavenging Assay

To determine the effect of different harvesting time on antioxidant capacity in Jerusalem artichoke polysaccharides (inulin), the Jerusalem artichoke before and after overwintering were collected from the same region, and then evaluate their antioxidant capacity in vitro by reducing power assay, DPPH radical-scavenging assay and hydroxyl radical-scavenging assay. Ascorbic acid at similar mass concentration was served as positive control. The results showed no significant difference were observed in reducing power when the absorbance values were about 0.3. When the mass concentrations before and after overwintering were 0.9 mg/mL and 1.7 mg/mL, the DPPH radical-scavenging rate both reached at 50%. And when the mass concentrations were both 10 mg/mL, the hydroxyl radical-scavengings were 35.8% and 27.9%, respectively. Thus, it could be concluded that the antioxidant capacity in Jerusalem artichoke polysaccharides before overwintering was higher than that after overwintering, and showed a good dose-dependent manner with its mass concentration.

scholarly journals A simple new method for aged seed utilization based on melatonin-mediated germination and antioxidant nutrient production

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Song Yu ◽  
Xuetian Zhu ◽  
Helin Yang ◽  
Lihe Yu ◽  
Yifei Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Total Phenolics ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Dpph Radical ◽  
Radical Scavenging Capacity ◽  
Scavenging Capacity ◽  
Aged Seed ◽  
Phenolics Content ◽  
Dpph Radical Scavenging ◽  
Aged Seeds

AbstractSeed deterioration, coupled with a decrease in nutrients, is unavoidable following long-term storage, and these seeds are therefore used as livestock fodder. Here, we developed a simple, rapid and efficient method of producing high amounts of antioxidants from deteriorated seeds via melatonin-induced germination. Legume seeds were subjected to high humidity at 55 °C for 12–36 h to obtain aged seeds with a 40% germination rate and severely reduced antioxidant nutrition (total phenolics content, ferric reducing power and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging capacity). Aged seeds were then treated with 0.1 mM melatonin, resulting in the production of sprouts with a higher total phenolics content (fivefold), greater ferric reducing power (sevenfold) and greater DPPH radical scavenging capacity (twofold) compared to the aged seeds. These findings suggest that melatonin treatment efficiently converted aged seed reserve residues into antioxidant nutrients, providing an alternative use for deteriorated seeds in food production.

scholarly journals Antiglycation and Antioxidant Properties of Ficus deltoidea Varieties

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Nur Sumirah Mohd Dom ◽  
Nurshieren Yahaya ◽  
Zainah Adam ◽  
Nik Mohd Afizan Nik Abd. Rahman ◽  
Muhajir Hamid
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Protein Carbonyl ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Dpph Radical ◽  
Dpph Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Ficus Deltoidea ◽  
Dpph Radical Scavenging

The present study aimed to evaluate the potential of standardized methanolic extracts from seven Ficus deltoidea varieties in inhibiting the formation of AGEs, protein oxidation, and their antioxidant effects. The antiglycation activity was analyzed based on the inhibition of AGEs, fructosamine, and thiol groups level followed by the inhibition of protein carbonyl formation. The antioxidant activity (DPPH radical scavenging activity and reducing power assay) and total phenolic contents were evaluated. After 28 days of induction, all varieties of Ficus deltoidea extracts significantly restrained the formation of fluorescence AGEs by 4.55–5.14 fold. The extracts also reduced the fructosamine levels by 47.0–86.5%, increased the thiol group levels by 64.3–83.7%, and inhibited the formation of protein carbonyl by 1.36–1.76 fold. DPPH radical scavenging activity showed an IC50 value of 66.81–288.04 μg/ml and reducing power activity depicted at 0.02–0.24 μg/ml. The extent of phenolic compounds present in the extracts ranged from 70.90 to 299.78 mg·GAE/g. Apart from that, correlation studies between the activities were observed. This study revealed that seven varieties of Ficus deltoidea have the potential to inhibit AGEs formation and possess antioxidant activity that might be attributed to the presence of phenolic compounds.

scholarly journals Antioxidants from the Leaves of Cinnamomum kotoense

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1000500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuo-Chen Cheng ◽  
Man-Chun Hsueh ◽  
Hou-Chien Chang ◽  
Alan Yueh-Luen Lee ◽  
Hui-Min Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Potential Role ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Dpph Radical ◽  
Dpph Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Novel Antioxidants ◽  
Dpph Radical Scavenging

Two novel antioxidants, obtusilactone A (1) and (-)-sesamin (2) have been identified in Cinnamomum kotoense Kanehira. Both showed effective 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity compared with vitamin C, and reducing power compared with BHA. These results suggest that these constituents of C. kotoense act as natural antioxidants and play a potential role in cancer prevention.

Chemical Composition of Essential Oil and Antioxidant Activities of Curcuma petiolata Roxb. Rhizomes

2012 ◽  
Vol 506 ◽  
pp. 393-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Thakam ◽  
N. Saewan
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Dpph Radical ◽  
Etoac Extract ◽  
Dpph Radical Scavenging

Pulverized rhizome of Curcuma peliolata on hydrodistillation, afforded light yellow essential oil in the yield of 0.13% v/w. The chemical constituent of the essential oil was determined by GC-MS. Nine compounds representing 95.34 % of the total oil were identified. The major compounds of the oil were 2-methyl-5-pentanol, 1H-pyrrol-1-amine,2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-n,n,5-trimethyl, and curcumol. The distillated aqueous was extracted with dicloromethane (DCM), ethyl acetate (EtOAc), and n-butanol. The DPPH radical scavenging and reducing power of the extracts were investigated. Curcumin and ascorbic acid were used as standard references. The DPPH radical scavenging activity was decrease in order: curcumin ascorbic acid EtOAc extract > DCM extract > n-butanol extract > aqueous extract. The EtOAc extract showed significantly highest inhibition of the radical scavenging activity with IC50 0.092 ± 0.001 mg/mL (curcumin and ascorbic acid (IC50 0.012 and 0.013 mg/mL, respectively (P<0.05)). While, the DCM extract showed highest reducing power with IC50 = 0.271 mg/mL which lower than that of standard curcumin (IC50 = 0.013 mg/mL) and ascorbic acid (IC50 = 0.002 mg/mL).Introduction

scholarly journals Comparison of Depolymerization of Chitosan into Chitooligosaccharides from the Shrimp Shell Waste of Parapeneopsis Stylifera by Non-Specific Enzymes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Renuka ◽  
Chandragiri Nagaraja Rao Ravishankar ◽  
Elavarasan Krishnamoorthy ◽  
Abubacker Aliyamveetil Zynudheen
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Behavior ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Proteolytic Enzymes ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Structural Difference ◽  
Dpph Radical ◽  
Dpph Radical Scavenging

Abstract Two different non-specific proteolytic enzymes (papain and pepsin) and two carbohydrase enzymes (α-amylase and β-amylase) were used for the depolymerization of chitosan to produce chitooligosaccharides (COS). The COS produced using papain, pepsin, α-amylase and β-amylase were characterized for physico-chemical, structural, thermal and antioxidant activities. Chitooligosaccharides produced using pepsin enzyme had higher solubility compared to other three COS. Structural variation of chitosan and their oligosaccharides were studied by FTIR analysis and it revealed the existence of various structural difference among the oligosaccharides and chitosan. Thermal behavior of chitosan and oligosaccharides were examined using DSC analysis, and it exhibits difference in the glass transition temperature among the four oligosaccharides and native chitosan. Anti-oxidant analysis such as DPPH radical scavenging activity and reducing power revealed the antioxidant ability of chitooligosaccharides. Among the four COS, pepsin-COS had the highest DPPH radical scavenging and reducing power activity. According to the patterns of molecular weight reduction, antioxidant properties, thermal behavior properties, four enzymes α- amylase, β-amylase, pepsin and papain found suitable for hydrolyzing chitosan into chitooligosaccharide. As it is superior to chitosan, chitooligosaccharide can be utilized in food industry as bio-preservatives to enhance the quality, safety and shelf life of the products.

scholarly journals Antioxidant Capacity and Total Phenolic Content of Fresh, Oven-Dried and Stir-Fried Tamarind Leaves

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 282-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lee Leng ◽  
Nuramira Nadzri ◽  
Abdul Shaari ◽  
Norawanis Abdul Razak ◽  
Khor Yee
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Dpph Radical ◽  
Frying Process ◽  
Amine Groups ◽  
Chemical Groups ◽  
Dpph Radical Scavenging

The aim of this study was to compare the antioxidant capacity and total phenolic content as well as the chemical groups of fresh, oven-dried and stir-fried tamarind (Tamarindus indica L.) leaves. Methanol was used for extraction of fresh, oven-dried and stir-fried tamarind leaves. The stir-fried leaves were prepared using medium heat for 10 minutes prior to extraction and chemical analysis while dried leaves were obtained by oven drying at 60°C for 3 hours. The stir-fried leaves had significantly highest total phenolic content (TPC) (139.87 mg/g) and percentage DPPH radical-scavenging inhibition (69.92%) while the fresh leaves had the lowest TPC (39.31 mg/g) and antioxidant capacity (16.46%). The FTIR spectral data suggest that the heat treatment increased the amine groups as well as the antioxidant capacity of the tamarind leaves. To increase the antioxidant capacity, the tamarind leaves should be prepared in a stir-frying process.

scholarly journals Synthesis of 1-(5-Chloro-2-hydroxyphenyl)-5-oxopyrrolidine-3-carboxylic Acid Derivatives and Their Antioxidant Activity

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 971 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingrida Tumosienė ◽  
Kristina Kantminienė ◽  
Ilona Jonuškienė ◽  
Artūras Peleckis ◽  
Sergey Belyakov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Carboxylic Acid ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Dpph Radical ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Reducing Power Assay ◽  
Dpph Radical Scavenging

A series of novel 1-(5-chloro-2-hydroxyphenyl)-5-oxopyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid derivatives containing chloro, hydroxyl, isopropyl, nitro, nitroso, and amino substituents at benzene ring and 1-(5-chloro-2-hydroxyphenyl)-5-oxopyrrolidine-3-carbohydrazide derivatives bearing heterocyclic moieties were synthesized. Antioxidant activity of the synthesized compounds was screened by DPPH radical scavenging method and reducing power assay. A number of compounds were identified as potent antioxidants. Antioxidant activity of 1-(5-chloro-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4-(5-thioxo-4,5-dihydro-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)pyrrolidin-2-one has been tested to be 1.5 times higher than that of a well-known antioxidant ascorbic acid. 1-(5-Chloro-2-hydroxyphenyl)-4-(4-methyl-5-thioxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)pyrrolidin-2-one has shown 1.35 times higher antioxidant activity than that of vitamin C by DPPH radical scavenging method and optical density value of 1.149 in reducing power assay. The structure of 1-(5-chloro-2-hydroxyphenyl)-N-(1,3-dioxoisoindolin-2-yl)-5-oxopyrrolidine-3-carboxamide was unambiguously assigned by means of X-ray diffraction analysis data.

scholarly journals Antioxidant Enriched Fractions fromZingiber OfficinaleRoscoe

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 721-726 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ismail Rahath Kubra ◽  
Kulathooran Ramalakshmi ◽  
Lingamallu Jagan Mohan Rao
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
Pharmaceutical Formulations ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Antioxidant Potential ◽  
Methanol Fraction ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Ginger Rhizome

Ginger rhizome (Zingiber officinaleRoscoe) has many diverse properties and medicinal values such as antioxidant potential combined with the properties of a spice. Dried ginger (DG) were extracted with aqueous ethanol and freeze-dried. The extract was evaluated for antioxidant potential, using 1,1'-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl radical scavenging, antioxidant capacity and reducing power assays. DG extract was further fractionated into methanol (Mfr) and water-soluble (Wfr) fractions. The Mfr exhibited higher antioxidant capacity when compared to DG extract. Higher antioxidant potential of the methanol fraction may be due to the presence higher polyphenols and [6]-gingerol content. This suggests that alcoholic soluble fraction possess enormous scope to enhance the antioxidant potential when used as a supplement in various food as well as pharmaceutical formulations / products.

scholarly journals Comparison of Radical Scavenging Capacities of Eleven Sargassum Species Grown off the Korean Coast (P06-082-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Su-Hyeon Baek ◽  
Seung-Jin Jeong ◽  
Chai-Hyeon Lee ◽  
Hyeung-Rak Kim ◽  
Bohkyung Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Superoxide Radical ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Dpph Radical ◽  
Radical Scavenging Capacity ◽  
Antioxidant Capacities ◽  
Scavenging Capacity ◽  
Radical Generation ◽  
Dpph Radical Scavenging

Abstract Objectives Sargassum (S) species, a marine brown alga consumed in Asian countries, have various health benefits, such as improving the conditions of cardiovascular disease, osteoarthritis, and hypopigmentation. And these benefits are associated with their strong antioxidant capacities. However, antioxidant capacities of S. species have not been thoroughly explored and compared. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to compare the antioxidant capacities of eleven S. species grown off the Korean coast. Methods Ethanol extracts of eleven S. Species (S. hemiphyllum, S. coreanum, S. horneri, S. Confusum, S. siliquastrum, S. miyabei, S. Serratifolium, S. filicinum, S. Micracanthum, S. macrocarpum, and S. yendoi) provided by National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea were evaporated. The powdered samples were dissolved in 80% methanol as 100 mg/L to measure ABTS, DPPH, and superoxide radical scavenging activities. For the ABTS and DPPH radical scavenging capacities, the antioxidant capacities were expressed as mg vitamin C equivalent antioxidant capacity (VCEAC)/100 mg. For the superoxide radical scavenging capacity, inhibition rate of superoxide radical generation (%) was calculated. Results Among eleven species, four showed notable radical scavenging capacities including S. miyabei, S. hemiphyllum, S. filicinum, and S. serratifolium. For DPPH radical scavenging capacity, S. miyabei showed the greatest antioxidant capacity (193.6 mg VCEAC/100 mg) followed by S. hemiphyllum, (137.9), S. filicinum (78.2), and S. serratifolium (75.4). For ABTS radical scavenging capacity, S. hemiphyllum showed the greatest capacity as 205.7 mg VCEAC/100 mg followed by S. miyabei (186.2), S. filicinum (140.1), and S. serratifolium (99.5). S. hemiphyllum inhibited about 52% of superoxide radical generation followed by S. miyabei (43.7%), S. filicinum (40.4%) and S. serratifolium (34.8%). Vitamin C as positive control inhibited 34.7% of superoxide radical generation. Conclusions Our results exhibited that various S. species showed different antioxidant capacities, indicating the different compositions and proportions of antioxidant compounds in the species. Therefore, further study is warranted to investigate bioactive compounds of the S. species based on our screening. Funding Sources This research was supported by the Pukyong National University Research Fund (2018).

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