scholarly journals Root sampling equipment for a root box-pin board method

Root Research ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 85-91
Author(s):  
Takuya Koyama ◽  
Katsuhiko Yoshidome ◽  
Yusuke Arakawa
Keyword(s):  
Root Sampling ◽  
Root Box

scholarly journals Nail-Board Method of Root Sampling

1964 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 85 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Schuster ◽  
C. H. Wasser
Keyword(s):  
Root Sampling

Evaluation of sorghum root branching using fractals

1998 ◽  
Vol 131 (3) ◽  
pp. 259-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. E. A. MASI ◽  
J. W. MARANVILLE
Keyword(s):  
Fractal Dimension ◽  
Growth Media ◽  
Silty Clay ◽  
Root Branching ◽  
The Us ◽  
Branching Patterns ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Sorghum Genotypes ◽  
Different Sources ◽  
Root Box

Root branching and architecture play a significant role in water and nutrient uptake, but description of these parameters has not been easy due to the difficulty of observing roots in their natural arrangement. Fractal geometry offers a novel method for studying the branching patterns of roots. Plants of ten diverse sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) genotypes (five of African origin, three of US origin and two hybrids composed of African×US lines) were grown in root boxes containing 80% sand and 20% fine-textured Sharpsburg silty clay loam topsoil. The root fractal dimension (D) and abundance (log K) were determined at nine regions within the profile. Roots were washed free of growth media and photographic slides were taken of each region. Values of D and log K were determined by projecting photographs onto grids of progressively increasing sizes. The number of intersects was regressed on log grid size. Differences in D were found among genotypes (1·44[les ]D[les ]1·89) suggesting that these sorghum genotypes may be associated with greater root branching patterns. Greater fractal dimension (branching) and abundance values occurred in the 0–35 and 35–70 cm depths of the soil profile within the root box, indicating a greater root distribution in that part of the profile. Significant differences were also noted in branching patterns for sorghum genotypes derived from different sources. In general, the African sorghums were more branched and deeper rooted than the US-derived genotypes. Results indicated that fractal dimension can be used for the description of sorghum root system morphology and provides a good measure of branching patterns which can be distinguished.

scholarly journals USEFULNESS OF EARLY DIAGNOSTIC METHODS FOR EFFECTIVE MANAGEMENT OF BASAL STEM ROT (GANODERMA) DISEASE OF COCONUT

CORD ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 18 (01) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
A. Karthikeyan ◽  
S. Mohan ◽  
R. Bhaskaran
Keyword(s):  
Disease Index ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Stem Rot ◽  
Symptom Expression ◽  
Effective Management ◽  
Visual Symptom ◽  
Basal Stem Rot ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Root Sampling ◽  
Rot Disease

Chemodiagnostic methos EDTA and TTC  tests and physiological parameters electrical conductivity and relative water content are useful to detect the basal stem rot disease in coconut palms, 4 - 14 months before visual symptom expression.  The critical values of these tests  for symptom expression have been fixed.  In coconut trees, root sampling from  any directions at 15 - 30 cm depth is optimum for early detection tests.  Coconut palms without symptoms but showing higher values in diagnostic tests responded well to treatments by registering lesser disease index and higher  nut yield than the treated palms with  external symptoms.

scholarly journals 265 Root Architecture in Quercus falcata after Physical Removal of the Radicle Tip or Copper Treatment

HortScience ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 488A-488
Author(s):  
Gisele G. Martins ◽  
Robert Geneve ◽  
Sharon Kester
Keyword(s):  
Root System ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Root System Architecture ◽  
Root Tip ◽  
Link Length ◽  
System Architectures ◽  
Root Shoot Ratio ◽  
Internal Link ◽  
Intact Root ◽  
Root Box

Quercus falcata acorns were cold-stratified for 120 days and then sown in vermiculite under greenhouse conditions. When radicles were 7 cm long, the root tip was either removed (physically pruned) or dipped in a copper hydroxide solution (copper-treated). Intact root systems were used as control. Seedlings were then moved to a root box to observe root system architectures. The box was built of clear plexiglass 2.5 mm thick, and each face was 25.7 × 35.7 cm. Styrofoam spacers were used to separate faces, and nuts and bolts were placed along edges to hold the root box together. To permit observation of the entire root system, plants were grown in a plane between the plexiglass surface and a nylon sheet that separated roots from the medium (MetroMix 510). At 7, 9, and 11 days after treatment, the entire root system was traced on an acetate sheet, and number of internal and external links and number of secondary and tertiary roots were recorded. Total length, internal and external root links length, were obtained using digital analysis (MacRhizo). Dry weight of roots and shoots was collected at the end of this experiment (day 11). Treatment effects were evident 11 days after treatment. Copper-treated plants had statistically more secondary roots and larger internal link length than control or physically pruned plants. Also, copper-treated plants had smaller mean external link length, showing a more branched root system. Root biomass was similar for all treatments; however, copper-treated plants had smaller root: shoot ratio. This suggests that copper was acting as more than a pruning agent because copper-treated plants showed a different root system architecture compared to physically pruned plants.

scholarly journals A simple root box acts as an efficient tool to quantify the newly produced cyst nematodes

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-38
Author(s):  
Hiroaki Okada ◽  
Taketo Uehara ◽  
Satoshi Kitabayashi
Keyword(s):  
Simple Root ◽  
Cyst Nematodes ◽  
Efficient Tool ◽  
Root Box

scholarly journals Mycorrhiza-released glomalin-related soil protein fractions contribute to soil total nitrogen in trifoliate orange

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 183-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lu-Lu Meng ◽  
Jia-Dong He ◽  
Ying-Ning Zou ◽  
Qiang-Sheng Wu ◽  
Kamil Kuča
Keyword(s):  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
N Accumulation ◽  
N Content ◽  
Total N ◽  
Root Box ◽  
Area And Volume ◽  
Soil Protein

Glomalin released from arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) has important roles in soil nutrient cycles, whereas contributing to glomalin-related soil protein (GRSP) fractions to soil nitrogen (N) is unknown. In this study, a two-chambered root-box that was divided into root chamber (root and mycorrhizal fungi hypha) and hypha chamber (free of the root) was used, and three AMF species including Diversispora epigaea, Paraglomus occultum, and Rhizoglomus intraradices were separately inoculated into the root chamber. Plant growth, soil total N, N content of purified GRSP fractions, and its contribution to soil total N, and leaf and root N contents were analysed. After four months, total biomass and root total length, surface area, and volume were improved by all AMF inoculations. AMF inoculations dramatically increased soil total N content in two chambers. The N content of purified easily extractable GRSP (EE-GRSP) and difficultly extractable GRSP (DE-GRSP) was 0.10 ± 0.01 mg/g and 0.16 ± 0.02 mg/g, respectively, accounted for 15.6 ± 1.6% and 18.1 ± 1.8% of soil total N, respectively. AMF inoculations stimulated the N accumulation in EE-GRSP and DE-GRSP, especially in the hypha chamber. It concluded that GRSP, especially DE-GRSP, acts as a soil N pool accounting for 33.8 ± 1.9% of soil total N in orchards.

scholarly journals A Large Root Phenome Dataset Wide-Opened the Potential for Underground Breeding in Soybean

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ki-Seung Kim ◽  
Se-Hun Kim ◽  
Jaeyoung Kim ◽  
Pooja Tripathi ◽  
Jeong-Dong Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Wild Plants ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Plant Organ ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Root Sampling ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Cultivated Soybean

The root is the most critical plant organ for water and nutrient acquisition. Although the root is vital for water and nutrient uptake, the diverse root characters of soybean still need to be identified owing to the difficulty of root sampling. In this study, we used 150 wild and 50 cultivated soybean varieties to collect root image samples. We analyzed root morphological traits using acquired-image. Except for the main total length (MTL), the root morphological traits for most cultivated and wild plants were significantly different. According to correlation analysis, the wild and cultivated plants showed a significant correlation among total root length (TRL), projected area (PA), forks, total lateral length (TLL), link average diameter, and MTL. In particular, TRL was highly correlated with PA in both cultivated (0.92) and wild (0.82) plants compared with between MTL (0.43 for cultivated and 0.27 for wild) and TLL (0.82 for cultivated and 0.52 for wild). According to principal component analysis results, both plants could be separated; however, there was some overlap of the traits among the wild and cultivated individuals from some regions. Nevertheless, variation among the cultivated plants was higher than that found in the wild plants. Furthermore, three groups, including MTL, TLL, and the remaining traits, could explain all the variances.

Effect of restricted watering on sap flow and growth in corn (Zea mays L.)

1992 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 361-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. Gavloski ◽  
C. R. Ellis ◽  
G. H. Whitfield
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Root System ◽  
Heat Balance ◽  
Sap Flow ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Control Plant ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Root And Shoot Growth ◽  
Root Box

The heat balance technique for measuring sap flow was used to determine how plant stress from watering various proportions of the root system in corn (Zea mays L.) affects sap flow and root and shoot growth. Sectional root-boxes were used to divide the root system into four equal compartments so that known proportions of the root system could be subjected to water stress. Results indicated that the root-box technique is useful in studying the effects of adverse growing conditions in corn. Treatments consisted of no watering and watering one, two, three, or four sections of the box. Sap flow was measured using gauges that worked on a heat balance principle, and aspects of root and shoot growth were also measured. Withholding water from two or more sections of the box for 26 d resulted in decreased sap flow and fresh and dry weight of stalks compared with plants where all four sections were watered (control). Plant height was lower in boxes where one or more sections were deprived of water compared with the control. Dry weight of roots was less when water was withheld from three or all sections of the roots, and fresh weight of roots was less when water was withheld from all four sections. Corn plants with even half the roots growing under stressed conditions resulted in decreased sap flow and shoot growth.Key words: Root-box, moisture stress

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