scholarly journals FORMATION OF ECONOMIC UTILITIES OF DAIRY CATCH DEPENDING ON ORIGIN OF THE FATHER, LINE AND RELATED GROUP

2017 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 69-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. V. Bazyshina
Keyword(s):  
Phenotypic Variability ◽  
Reproductive Capacity ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Bay Window ◽  
Related Group ◽  
The Difference

Material and methods of research. The study was carried out based on the materials of the primary pedigree registration in the herd of the leading breeding plants for breeding Ukrainian red and black-and-white dairy breeds of cattle, OOO "Agrofirma "Svitanok" in the Donetsk region. The number of the firstborns we analyzed amounted to 515. In general, the matrix of observations was compiled containing information on 1271 animals for 448 variables (signs). Results. In order to assess the effectiveness of the use of these selection groups in the herd, a comparative analysis of group averages for the main breeding characteristics was carried out. The significant difference in the number of bulls used in the herd of the bull breeding farm was taken into account, taking into account the characteristics of the daughters. Through the age of the first calving, the difference between the best and worst groups of half-sisters reached 159 ± 0.1 days or 20.3% (P <0.001), the reproductive capacity - 0,109 ± 0,017 or 11,3% (P <0,001), I milk for 305 days of the first lactation - 1616 ± 169.2 kg or 24.8% (P <0.001), the second - 1229 ± 57.2 kg or 18, 0% (P <0.001), the third - 1899 ± 426, 8 kg or 27.9% (P <0.001). On the content of fat in milk, the intergroup difference reached 0.41 ± 0.039% (P <0.001) of the first, 0.18 ± 0.053% (P <0.001) - for the second and 0.09 ± 0.020% (P <0.05) - (P <0.001), 0.11 ± 0.050% (P <0.001), and 0.11 ± 0.039% (P <0.1), respectively. The most abundant is Offspring used in recent years by the bulls Jupiter 27640964506 (64 daughters), Campino 112825601 (84 daughters) and Kadisko 579904182 (65 daughters). It is noteworthy that in comparison with the above the milk production for 305 days of the first lactation was in the daughters of the bulls Erik 348025783 (6508 ± 259.7 kg) and Jansker 345199616 (6497 ± 184.6 kg). The daughters of the bull S.S.Khoma 399264 KKG-1314 (4.06 ± 0.050%) differed in the high fat content of milk with comparatively low milk yields. Analysis of the exteriors of cows of daughters of different bulls attests to a certain degree of intergroup differentiation in these characters of the cows in question. The largest and tallest are the daughters of the bulls of the Holstein breed and the golshtinized type. According to some measurements, cows of golshtinized type do not even achieve standards for cows of fatty type, which are much lower. The daughters of the bull of the Holstein breed Erica 248025783, being large and tall among the cows of the groups under analysis, satisfied the standard Southern intra-pore type of the Ukrainian black-ripened milk breed only by measuring the breadth of the chest (42.5 ± 0.75 cm). The daughters of the bulls SSHouma 399264 KKG-1314 and Dragomir 113021400 almost satisfied the standard of the gholshtinized type of the Ukrainian red dairy breed only in the area of ​​the pastern (18.6 ± 0.17 and 18.5 ± 0.13 cm). Intergroup differentiation of half-sisters after the father, in many cases proved to be significant and highly reliable. Bulls that were used in the herd belong to the lines and related groups of Ukrainian red and black-and-white dairy breeds with the numerical advantage of breeding groups of golshtinized type. Among the compared groups, the largest number of daughters were the producers of the Validian 1650414 group (166 head), Starbuck 352790 (114 goals), Chifa 1427381 (92 votes) and Kevelye 1620273 (83 votes). The highest milk productivity for the first and subsequent lactation with uniform growth was found in the cows of related groups of Holstein-type Maple 1430145, Olivishna 1491007, Starbak 352790 and Kevelie 1620273. The cows of the related groups Eliveyshna 1491007 and Kevelie 1620273 are the fastest-growing among the cows of the registered lines and related groups. Low among the cows of the registered lines and related groups, the cows of the fat-milk type of the related group by bay window 17021 differed in milk productivity. Conclusion. The phenotypic variability of the selected economically useful traits of herd cows is largely determined by the influence of genetic factors, which makes it possible to expect a very significant effectiveness and efficiency of breeding in the herd. The origin of the father results in 7-61%, and belonging to the line or related group of 3-51% of the total phenotypic variability of the characteristics considered.

scholarly journals ESTIMATION OF HOLSTEIN BREED BULLS BY DAIRY PRODUCTIVITY OF THEIR DAUGHTERS

2020 ◽  
Vol 59 ◽  
pp. 26-34
Author(s):  
S. L. Voitenko ◽  
O. V. Sydorenko
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Phenotypic Variability ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Paternal Origin ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
The Third ◽  
Holstein Bulls ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Dairy Breed

The scientific community has shown that the genetic improvement of dairy cattle depends on many genotypic factors, including paternal ancestry and lineage. With this in mind, the purpose of our research was to evaluate the Holstein bulls of black-and-white and red-and-white suits of different lines for the milk productivity of their daughters. The research was carried out on the basis of primary breeding records of 10 breeding herds of Ukrainian Black-and-White Dairy breed, 3 – Ukrainian Red-and-White Dairy breed and one – Ukrainian Red Dairy breed, which are subordinated to NAAS. Cows of the studied breeds has divided into groups according to lineage and paternal origin. Studies have revealed a significant differentiation of milk yield of cows of the first and highest lactation not only of one breed, but also of linear affiliation and paternal origin. It was found that the yield of the first lactation in cows of the Ukrainian Black-and-White Dairy breed varied from 3211 kg (Damir 7100354042) to 7884 kg (Dzhokus 113080315) of milk. Noteworthy are the daughters of Dzhokus 113080315, from which 9143 kg of milk were obtained for higher lactation, Polyarsten 342347941 and Manteno 344222859 – 8248 kg and 8290 kg of milk, respectively. The significant influence of paternal origin on the yield of Ukrainian Black-and-White Dairy breed cows of the first and higher lactation (31.0%; P > 0.999) and 37.3% has been proved; P > 0.999). The influence of genealogical formation on the milk productivity of cows was significant and amounted to 10.8% for the first lactation, higher – 10.2%. Some of the first-born Ukrainian Black-and-White Dairy breed has characterized by high milk productivity, which steadily increased until the third and higher lactation. The yield of cows of the Ukrainian Red-and-White Dairy breed of the first lactation varied from 5414 kg (Dialog 2009) to 6689 kg (Larets 6177), testifying to better homogeneity of herds in terms of milk productivity compared to the Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy breed. The highest yield of the third and highest lactation – 7626 kg, had cows-daughters of the bull Roman 660886883 Starbuck line 352790. The variability of milking cows of Ukrainian Red-and-White Dairy breed of the first and highest lactation by 25.0% and 15.2%, respectively, was due to the influence of the father offspring and to a lesser extent – belonging to the line. A very high (6517–8013 kg) realization potential of milking cows of the Ukrainian Red Dairy breed was established, but it also depended on the paternal origin and linear affiliation. The highest yield of the first lactation were shown by the daughters of the bull Belisar 365235897, Dzhorin 114414759 and Tumpi 112367468, who produced 8013 kg, 7323 kg and 7170 kg of milk, respectively. In cows of this breed it was found that yield increased with increasing serial number of lactation, with the third and higher lactation cows produced more than 8000 kg of milk per lactation, and the daughters of bull Dzhorin 114414759 – more than 9000 kg. The influence of the bull on the milk productivity of the first-born cows of the Ukrainian Red Dairy breed (16.7%; P > 0.999) is almost three times higher than this linear affiliation. Significant phenotypic variability of milk productivity of cows of different breeds of half-sisters by the father is established. The advantage of the daughters of the bull Belisar 365235897 of the Ukrainian Red Dairy breed on milking of the first lactation over the representatives of the Ukrainian Red-and-White Dairy breed was 1932 kg (p < 0.001). The difference in milk yield of the first lactation of the half-sisters by the father, the bull Konbeo 579810507 was 1007 kg (p < 0.01), and Roman 660886883 – 717 kg. Thus, a significant phenotypic variability of milk productivity of cows of different breeds of half-sisters by father was established. At the same time, regardless of the breeder, the cows of the Ukrainian Red Dairy breed were characterized by higher milk yield of the first lactation in comparison with the Ukrainian Red-and-White Dairy breed.

Milk productivity of cows depending on their origin on genealogical line

2021 ◽  
pp. 21-30
Author(s):  
M. V. Voronov ◽  
N. A. Fedoseeva ◽  
T. N. Pimkina ◽  
O. V. Gorelik
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Mass Fraction ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Specific Weight ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
White Breed ◽  
The Difference

The improvement of cattle of Black-and-White breed by mating of maternal stock with the sires of Holstein breed continues at the present time. Therefore, breeding in pedigree farms for the production of milk is carried out including the use of Holstein lines. The purpose of the work was to assess the milk productivity of cows of Black-and-White breed, with a high proportion of blood in Holstein breed, depending on their linear origin. In the herd of the breeding farm where the research has been carried out, the lines Reflection Sovereign 198998 and Wes Ideal 933122 occupy the dominant position in terms of the specific weight of cattle, followed by the line Montwick Chieftain 95679. The difference in milk yield between groups of cows of different lines was from 3,0 to 354 kg or 0,04 to 4,6 %. The highest milk yield was shown by the first-calf heifers of the line Wes Ideal 933122 – 7787±123,21 kg. In the milk of the first-calf heifers of the line Pabst Governor 882933 compared with herdmates of other lines the increased content of fat and protein has been noted,. The difference in the mass fraction of fat in milk was significant in favor of Pabst Governor 882933 cows (P ≤ 0,01–0,001). There was also the significant difference in the mass fraction of fat in milk between the groups of cows of the lines Montwick Chieftain 95679, Reflection Sovereign 198998 and Wes Ideal 933122 in favor of the latter at P ≤ 0,05–0,01. A definite association between milk yield and the mass fraction of fat in milk has not been established. There is a pattern of the positive association between the mass fraction of fat and the mass fraction of protein in milk and it is clearly seen that with the increase in the mass fraction of fat in milk, there is the increase in the mass fraction of protein.

scholarly journals THE GENETIC CONDITIONALITY OF THE ECONOMICALLY USEFUL TRAITS OF THE COWS OF UKRAINIAN BLACK-AND-WHITE DAIRY BREED

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 ◽  
pp. 92-98
Author(s):  
A. L. Shuliar ◽  
A. L. Shuliar ◽  
S. P. Omelkovych ◽  
V. P. Tkachuk ◽  
V. F. Andriichuk
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Phenotypic Variability ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Reproductive Capacity ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Functional Characteristics ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
Body Constitution ◽  
Dairy Breed

The intensification of dairy cattle selection determines the need of the systematic evaluation of animals in herds and populations on the main economically useful traits. They have an integrated origin and are controlled by significant groups of factors (genetic, physiological, technological and environmental). In dairy herds, the influence of such genetic factors as belonging to the breed and intrabreed types, the conditional blood share of improving breeds, the linear belonging, the family belonging, the origin by father is realized in the phenotypic performance of economically useful traits of animals with the simultaneous significant influence of environmental conditions. Among the hereditary factors, that determine the level of intergroup differentiation by the main selected traits, are significant the origin by father and the linear belonging. In addition, the world gene pool of the Holstein breed has an impact on the heredity of the Ukrainian black-and-white dairy breed, which requires constant monitoring of breeding groups of animals in different herds. Based on this, the aim of our research was to study the genetic conditionality of the economically useful traits of the cows of Ukrainian black-and-white dairy breed, that is, the study of the influence of such genetic factors as the conditional blood share of Holstein breed, the origin by father and the linear belonging on these traits. The research was conducted in the herd of Ukrainian black-and-white dairy breed of the private agrarian firm «Yerchyky» Popilnia district Zhytomyr oblast during 2015–2019. The study was carried out on the materials of the breeding and productive use of 766 first-calf cows and 497 cows which were disposed from the herd on different reasons. The reasons for their disposal were determined according to veterinary disposal acts. The statistical data processing was done using the method of variational statistics. The power of influence of the conditional blood share of Holstein breed, origin by father and linear belonging on the phenotypic variability of economically useful traits of the cows was determined by One-Way-ANOVA. The results of the study of the influence of genetic factors on the economically useful traits of cows of Ukrainian black-and-white dairy breed are presented. It was found that the power of the influence of the conditional blood share of Holstein breed, origin by father and linear belonging on the phenotypic variability of live weight, measurements and indices of body constitution was 0.4–17.6%; indicators of milk productivity of cows – 0.3–20.8%; morphologo-functional characteristics of the udder – 0.5–21.9%; parameters of reproductive capacity – 2.3–9.3% and lifetime use – 0.1–12.6% (P < 0.05–0.001). The factors of the origin by father and the conditional blood share of Holstein breed had a more significant effect on mass-and-metric parameters and indices of body constitution, and the influence of the linear belonging on these indicators was the smallest. Among the studied genetic factors the origin by father had significant effect on the milk productivity and morphologo-functional characteristics of the udder, while the smallest influence of the linear belonging was on the indicators of milk productivity, and the conditional blood share of Holstein breed had the smallest effect on the characteristics of the udder. Regarding the indicators of reproduction and lifetime use of cows, the effect of the studied genetic factors on them was distributed without any trends. The prospect of further research is to study the influence of paratypic factors on economically useful traits of cows of the Ukrainian black-and-white dairy breed of the private agrarian firm «Yerchyky».

scholarly journals Reproductive qualities and milk productivity of black-and-white cows depending on sire lineage

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
pp. 47-55
Author(s):  
S. L. Belozertseva ◽  
L. L. Petrukhina
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Reproductive Capacity ◽  
Calving Interval ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Service Period ◽  
Significant Difference

The paper presents the results of studying the effect of sire lineage on reproductive qualities and milk yield of cows. The study was carried out inIrkutskregion on a herd of Holsteinized black-andwhite cattle of Pribaikalsky type. The analysis of the main characteristics of reproductive capacity of herd cows on a farm was performed during 2013–2018. The material of the research work was based on the informational database of animals from the program of breeding register Selex. Cows were divided according to sire lineage and milk productivity into five groups by the level of milk yield: from 5000 to6500 kg, 6501-8000, 8001-9500, 9501-11000 and more than11001 kg. Successful insemination of heifers took place at the age of 15.7-16.6 months with the live weight of more than400 kg, which corresponds to zootechnical standards. The earliest (15.7 months) insemination was in heifers of Reflection Sovereign sire line, the age of first calving was 753 days with the live weight of561 kg. The latest (498 days) successful insemination was observed in heifers of Montvik Chieftain bull line with the live weight of498 kg. Cows of Sealing Trygen Rocket (8766 kg) and Reflection Sovereign (8704 kg) sire lines had the highest milk productivity with a significant difference (p ≥ 0.90). The cows of these lines had the longest service period (164 and 179 days), as well as the length of the calving interval (445 and 458 days), respectively. The coefficient of reproductive capacity of cows of different sire lines ranged from 0.80 to 0.88, which is a low indicator.

scholarly journals GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT REGULARITIES AND EXTERNAL CONSTITUTIONAL FEATURES OF REPAIR YOUNG CATTLE BROUGHT THROUGH THE CROSSBREEDING OF UKRAINIAN BLACK-AND-WHITE DAIRY AND SWISS BREEDS

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 ◽  
pp. 12-22
Author(s):  
I. V. Verbuch ◽  
O. V. Medvid
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Reproductive Capacity ◽  
External Evaluation ◽  
Absolute Increase ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Dairy Breed

Goal. To study the influence of interbreeding of Ukrainian black-spotted dairy cows with bulls of Swiss breeds on growth and development and exterior-constitutional features of repair young stock. Methods. Selection-genetic analysis, comparative, statistical. Results. Research and production studies were conducted on the basis of the breeding plant of SE "Pasichna" ICSGP NAAS "Starosinyavsky district of Khmelnytsky region on the population of purebred animals of the Podolsk factory type of Ukrainian black-and-white dairy breed (UCHRMP) and local animals obtained from crossbreeding bulls of the Swiss breed. According to the results of experimental studies in identical conditions of feeding and keeping young animals of the experimental groups, it was found that the highest live weight, both at birth and in subsequent age periods is characterized by local young animals. However, a significant difference between the groups of 12.9 kg (td = 2.15; P > 0.95) in favor of crossbreeds is observed only at the age of 18 months. When studying the absolute increase in live weight of experimental calves in the three-month dynamics of postnatal ontogenesis, which is an indicator of the intensity of animal growth, the advantage of local animals over purebred peers was also established. The largest significant difference in their favor is observed at the age of 7–9 months (3.1 kg, td = 2.29, P > 0.95). In all other periods of cultivation, the difference is not significant. Comparative characteristics of the degree of stress in the growth of animals, which was determined by the relative increase in live weight in the three-month dynamics showed that the most intensively growing animals of both groups from birth to 3 months of age (168.0–169.3%), then – with increasing age, the growth rate gradually decreases. A significant difference between the experimental groups, according to the above indicators, has not been established. The average daily gains in live weight of animals, for all periods considered, were higher in local animals. On average, from birth to 18 months of age, they were: local heifers 660 g, purebred – 637 g. External evaluation of the studied groups of heifers showed that purebred young at 18 months of age had the highest height at the withers by 1.2 cm, height in the buttocks – 1.4 and oblique length of the torso and buttocks, respectively, 0.8 and 0.7 cm compared to local young, but inferior to the latter in latitudinal measurements: chest width 1.2 cm, width in macula – 0.9 and width in the buttocks – 1.1 cm. In general, animals of both groups are well developed and have a harmonious physique. Conclusions. The results of the analysis of the dynamics of live weight of experimental groups of heifers, aged from birth to 18 months of age, show that local young animals obtained from crossing cows of Ukrainian black-spotted dairy breed with bulls of Swiss breed have slightly better performance than peers of purebred animals . However, the difference between the groups is in most cases unlikely. External evaluation of the studied groups of heifers showed that purebred young for all considered periods, from birth to 18 months of age, have higher indicators in height at the withers, height in the buttocks and oblique length of the torso and buttocks, but inferior to local in latitudinal measurements : chest width, width in macula and width in the buttocks. Thus, it can be argued that when using crossbreeding of Ukrainian black-and-white dairy cows with bulls of Swiss breed, the obtained young animals have slightly higher rates of growth and development, which will further positively affect the size and quality of milk productivity, reproductive capacity and duration use of cows herd.

scholarly journals Reproductive ability of cows and their descendants of different generations

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (89) ◽  
pp. 114-121
Author(s):  
S. I. Fyl ◽  
E. I. Fedorovych ◽  
P. V. Bodnar
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Reproductive Capacity ◽  
Reproduction Rate ◽  
Mothers And Daughters ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Reproductive Ability ◽  
Service Period ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference

The research was carried out on cows of Ukrainian Black-and-White Dairy breed and their descendants of the first and second generations on the conditions of LLC “Veletenj” in the Glukhiv district of the Sumy region. In cows, based on a retrospective analysis of data and the results of their own searches, was studied the age dynamics of reproductive capacity of cows for the first-seventh and higher lactation, and their daughters and granddaughters for the first and higher lactation. It has been established that reproductive ability of cows to some extent is due to their age. Depending on the lactation, the duration of the parturition of the cows of LLC “Veletenj” varied from 278.2 to 280.0, the duration of the indifference period – from 64.4 to 69.0 days, service period – from 123.5 to 136.4, inter-calving period – from 402.2 to 414.8 and in the dry stable period – from 61.3 to 75.8 days, the reproduction rate was 0.91–0.93, the calves output for 100 cows was 90.9–93.0 the index of insemination is 2.41–2.56 and the fertility index is 42.2–44.8. The results of our research indicate that each subsequent generation of cows was characterized by a better reproductive ability, which, in our opinion, is due to the timely abandonment of fetuses and stimulation of infertile cows, as well as an improved level of feeding. The difference in the duration of the service period for the first lactation between the mothers and their daughters was 24.5, for the best lactation – 24.8, for the duration of the interotional period – 24.8 and 23.7 days, respectively, at P < 0.001 in all cases. A more significant difference in reproductive performance was observed between cows and their granddaughters. In terms of the duration of the service period for the first and best lactation, it was 15.5 (P < 0.05) and 33.3 (P < 0,001) and interotional period – 17.3 (P < 0.05) and 33,2 days (P < 0.001) respectively. Between the majority of the studied reproductive abilities of mothers and daughters for the first and higher lactation, the relative variability was positive and reliable, and mothers and granddaughters – low uncertainty and mostly negative (exception – the duration of calving). The highest positive correlation coefficients were observed between the duration of cervix and their daughters (r = 0.113 ± 0.039 at P < 0.001) and granddaughters (r = 0.211 ± 0.088 at P < 0.05) for the first lactation, as well as mothers and daughters for higher lactation (r = 0.114 ± 0.039 at P < 0.01). Between indicators of the indifference period (r = -0.036–0.051) and the index of fertility of cows (r = -0.080–0.014) and their descendants for the lactation under investigation have low, multidirectional, unreliable connections. The influence of mothers on indicators of reproductive function of descendants is established. They made the most significant impact on the duration of service and inter calving periods, reproduction rate, calving out of 100 cows and the index of daughter insemination (ηx2 = 27.57–52.22%). For higher lactation, this effect was significantly lower (exception – the index of insemination) – ηx2 = 15,39–28,10%.

scholarly journals FEATURES OF THE CONFORMATION TYPE OF DAIRY CATTLE OF DIFFERENT ORIGIN AND CORRELATIVE VARIABILITY OF LINEAR TYPE TRAITS WITH MILK YIELD COWS OF HOLSTEIN BREED

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 ◽  
pp. 77-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. M. Khmelnychyi ◽  
V. V. Vechorka ◽  
S. L. Khmelnychyi
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Point System ◽  
Body Depth ◽  
Linear Type ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Reliable Correlation

Researches were carried out on estimation cows of Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy and Holstein breeds by the method of linear classification in the herd of pedigree farm LLC "Vladana" in Sumy region. When comparing cows of Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy with Holstein, the improving influence sires of Holstein breed on the development of conformation of cows in the herd according to indicators of the linear assessment by 100-point system was found. The difference was based on the group traits of dairy type 1,1 score, legs – 1,3, udder – 1,6 and final score – 1,2. In all comparisons, the difference was highly reliable at P < 0.001. By descriptive traits improvement with a significant difference were observed in height (by 0,3 scores; P < 0,05), body depth (by 0,3 scores; P < 0,05), rump width (by 0,6 scores; P < 0,001), angle of pelvic limbs (by 0,4 scores, P < 0,001), foot angle (by 0,9 scores, P < 0,001), front udder attachment (by 0,4 scores, P < 0,001), central ligament (by 0,8 scores; P < 0,001), udder depth (by 0,9 scores; P < 0,001) and teats length (by 0,3 scores; P < 0.01). Animals of Holstein breed compared to Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy became more narrow-chested (by 0,7 scores; P < 0,001). The identified relationships between linear traits and value of milk yield of first-born cows in the controlled herd were determined the existence of a reliable correlation between estimation both for individual complexes of conformation traits and overall assessment by 100-point classification system (r = 0,198–0,464; P < 0,001). Positive and reliable correlation with milk yield was observed by a number of descriptive traits: height (r = 0,359), body depth (r = 0,384), angularity (r = 0,474), rump width (r = 0,311), posture of pelvic limbs (r = 0,361), foot angle (r = 0,273), front (r = 0,355) and rear udder attachment (r = 0,330), central ligament (r = 0,311), locomotion (r = 0,305). Body condition score was correlated negatively (r = -0,168). Thus, the determined correlations between linear traits of the conformation and milk yield for lactation have been indicated the reliability of selection of cows by conformation type, simultaneously improving milk production. The using sires of Holstein breed during absorbed crossing with Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy breed have been improved linear traits of the conformation type in their offspring. Positive relationship between group and main descriptive linear traits characterizing conformation, and value of milk yield would be facilitated by efficient indirect selection based on the type and productivity.

scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT AND FERTILITY OF HEIFERS UNDER DIFFERENT SCHEMES WATERING OF WHOLE MILK

2017 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 272-278
Author(s):  
G. S. Sharapa ◽  
O. V. Boyko
Keyword(s):  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Reproductive Capacity ◽  
State Enterprise ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
Daily Increments ◽  
Whole Milk ◽  
Average Fertility

The purpose of the research was to study the effects of feeding different amounts of whole milk and the feeding of high quality feed on the development of heifers and their reproductive capacity and productivity of cows. The research was carried out at farm property "Chayka" (branch "Lisne" and "Chemer") on heifers of the Ukrainian black-and-white milk breed and "Shupiki" and "Agrarian Investment Union" (AIU) on the heifers of the Ukrainian red-and-white milk breed. Three schemes were used for drawing whole milk to calves. In the "Lisne" pumped 260 kg of milk for 65 days; "Chemer" – 310 kg for 45 days; "Shupiki" and "AIU" – 360 kg for 90 days. When conducting experiments, it was found that the average live weight of calves in 3 months. The age was 100,97 + 0,893 kg; in 6 months – 166.17 + 1,794 kg; in 9 months – 239.23 + 2.831 kg, in 12 months – 308,60 + 3,648 kg in 15 months – 371,50 + 5,008 kg. There was no special difference in the live weight of calves, drinking 310 and 360 kg of milk. Average daily gain of heifers were, in the main, within 660-895 g. in 3 months. The age of somewhat higher was the live weight of calves, who drank a large amount of whole milk. Through a clinical examination of calves and weighing, it was found that, on average, up to 80 kg live weight had 5.2% calves, from 81 to 100 kg 43.5%, and more than 100 kg – 51.3%. At the age of 3 months. A greater number of calves (52.8–69.1%) had a live weight of over 100 kg, and lagged in growth from 2.4 to 9.8%. More lag (9.2%) was in the group of calves, drinking 260 kg of milk (P > 0.999). In the experiments, the development and productivity of the daughters of the separate bulls of the Holstein breed of red-and-white suit was studied. Somewhat larger live weight had a heifer under the nickname "Lukka" at birth (39.2 kg) and within 3–15 months. Dairy productivity was higher among the daughters of the bug "Kantsler" (for 305 days of the first lactation 7438.7 kg). The duration of the service period on average was 142.7 days. On the chickens of 2014–2015 births at the state enterprise "Chemer" (Ukrainian black-and-white milk breed) and "Shupiki" (Ukrainian red-and-white milk breed) found that puberty occurs in 24–30% calves at the age of 9–10 months. Among the 700 goals. Stewed heifers were detected 6.4% with abnormalities of genital organs. In the study of fertilization of well-developed heifers 13–16 months. Age (459 with a live weight of 365–380 kg), it was found that the average fertility from the first insemination was 73.6%. It was better to have younger heifers (83–89%) with high live weight for fertilization. Total from 13 to 16 months. 84.3% of heifers were impregnated with age, and the rest were later. In the experiments, the milk productivity of cows of the Ukrainian black-and-white milk breed (512 lactas) and Ukrainian red-and-white milk breeds (406 lactations) was analyzed. Indicators indicate satisfactory milk productivity of cows for the first two lactations (over 7.5 thousand kg) under different schemes for giving to calves of milk. Conclusions: Feeding calves from 260 to 360 kg of whole milk and feeding the premature feed or full-grain granules provides their normal development in 90,2–97,6% of calves with daily increments of 660–895 g. The heifers which drank 310–360 kg milk smaller increments were observed in some calves of all groups after the milking period (from three to six months). The average fertility index of heifers from the first insemination is 73.6%. The best results are observed in heifers 13-15 months. Age for live weight 365–380 kg. The conditions of growing and feeding the experimental heifers in the milk and after-milk periods provide a relatively satisfactory milk yield (on average more than 7.5 thousand kg) of cows.

CONSEQUENCES OF “HOLSTEINIZATION” OF UKRAINIAN BLACK-PIED DAIRY BREED BY GENE BOLA-DRB3.2

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 146-156
Author(s):  
T. M. Suprovych ◽  
M. P. Suprovych ◽  
R. V. Kolinchuk
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Distance ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Genetic Similarity ◽  
Restriction Analysis ◽  
Allelic Polymorphism ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
Specific Pcr

Introduction. The main direction of increasing the productivity of milk is to increase the proportion of heredity of the Holstein breed in the genotype of cows. Industrial breeds in Ukraine are improving due to the increase in the Holstein inheritance in the genotype of cows. The "holsteinization" of the most widespread domestic Black-and-White diary breed is intensively conducted. Currently, the percentage of heredity from Holstein is 90% or more. The negative effect of "holsteinization" appeared in reducing the resistance of animals to diseases that led to the spread of necrobacterial pathology. The control of the spread of necrobacteriosis can be based on genetic markers. Important markers can be the allele of the BoLA-DRB3.2 gene responsible for the formation of adaptive immunity. Due to the ambiguity of the results of "holsteinization", the following tasks were solved: To study the genetic structure of the herd for the BoLA-DRB3.2 gene at the beginning of the "holsteinization" and now. To compare the detected genetic structures with the alleles spectrum of North American Holstein and identify quantitative and qualitative changes in the structure of the herd genotype. To determine the effect of "holsteinization" on the dynamics of milk production and the state of morbidity by necrobacteriosis. Materials and methods of research. Comparison of alleles of population of the Ukrainian Black-Pied Dairy (UBPD) breed and Holstein breed was conducted to detect the consequences of "holsteinization" on milk yield and incidence of necrobacteriosis. The data of the allelic polymorphism of the BoLA-DRB3.2 gene of the UBPD10 (2010, n = 162), UBPD15 (2015, n = 114) and two Holstein populations of the USA and Canada were collected. The allelic spectrum was determined by the PCR-RFLP method. The amplification of the BoLA-DRB3.2 gene was performed using 2-step PCR with the use of primers HLO-30, HLO-31 and HLO-32 and allele-specific PCR. Restriction analysis was performed with endonuclease RsaI, HaeIII, BstYI (XhoII). Restriction fragments were separated by electrophoresis in 4% agarose gel. Counting of allele frequencies was performed taking into account the number of homozygotes and heterozygotes found for the corresponding alleles. To determine the phylogenetic relationships between the populations of the studied herds, genetic distance and genetic similarity were determined by the M. Nei method. Individual dairy productivity of cows was estimated for all lactation (regardless of its duration). Average milk yields were determined as the total volume of milk produced divided by the number of dairy cows. Results and discussion. The breeding measures carried out led to the accumulation of alleles characteristic of the Holstein breed. For Holstein, there are eight alleles with a frequency of more than 4%. It is alleles *03, *07, *08, *11, *16, *22, *23, *24. A high degree of consolidation of weighty alleles can be outlined. In total they occupy 84,6% of allele spectrum of the population. Consolidation of such alleles in the herd of the Ukrainian Black-and-White diary breed is much lower - only 52.2%, although it increased by 6.2% over 5 years. Alleles *10, *13 and *28 are "weighty" for the Ukrainian Black-and-White diary breed, but they are almost non-existent in Holsteins. The genetic similarity of the herd UBPD15 and Holstein increased by ΔI = 0,085, and the genetic distance between the herds of the UBPD increased by ΔD = 0,085 for 5 years. The comparison of the allele spectrum of Holstein and the Ukrainian Black-and-White diary breed shows both the accumulation and the elimination of alleles associated with high productivity. The largest consolidation is typical for alleles *24 (+ 6.75%) and *16 (+ 4.65%). The frequency of "milk" alleles *22 and *08 decreased, respectively, by 4.14 and 1.27%. Alleys, which cause low milk productivity, have the following dynamics: * 23 + 2.53%, *11 – 0.67 and *28 – 0.26. The accumulation of alleles *16 and *23 (7.18%) was found that are associated with predisposition to necrobacteriosis and elimination of *03 and *22 alleles (4.75%) that influence on this disease. Conclusions. It is determined that the role of alleles characteristic for Holstein is increasing in the the Ukrainian Black-and-White diary herd. Breeding measures for holsteinization are conducted in the right direction. There is accumulation of alleles associated with high milk productivity and predisposition to necrobacteriosis. It positively affects the growth of milk production and negatively affects the incidence of necrobacteriosis.

PSIX-12 “Lamarin Saldonum” for the raising of milk production of cows

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 263-264
Author(s):  
Sergey Anikin ◽  
Natalia Shemuranova ◽  
Natalia Garifullina ◽  
Andrey Filatov ◽  
Alexander Sapozhnikov
Keyword(s):  
Mass Fraction ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
Daily Amount ◽  
Japanese Kelp ◽  
Additive Control ◽  
Average Daily Amount

Abstract The aim of the research was to establish the effectiveness of the use of the feed additive “Lamarin Saldonum.” The feed additive contains Japanese kelp, milk thistle, to increase the milk productivity during the milking period. The studies were conducted on 40 cows of the black-and-white Holstein breed at the age of 2–4 lactation and the amount of milk for the last lactation not less than 7,500 kg. The cows were divided into 4 groups (GE1, GE2, GE3, GC) of 10 heads in each. Cows GE1, GE2, GE3 received 30 days before calving daily feed additive in doses of 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 g/kg, respectively, for 60 days. In the GC animals didn’t receive the feed additive (control group). Control milking was performed every 10 days. Using of feed additive in the ration increased milk productivity. In the 1st month of lactation, the average daily amount of milk in GC was 24.00±0.93 kg, which is 7.4%, 19.6% (P &lt; 0.01), 7.4% less than in GE1, GE2 and GE3, respectively. In the 2nd month, the highest average daily amount of milk in GE2 and GE3, which is 13.4% (P &lt; 0.01) and 4.6% more than the GC, respectively. In the 3rd month, the average daily amount of milk in GE1, GE2, and GE3 was 30.22±2.44 kg, 39.57±2.68 kg, 35.11±2.59 kg, respectively, which is 6.8%, 39.9% (P &lt; 0.01), 24.1% more than in GC. The mass fraction of fat in milk in animals GE1, GE2, GE3 was 0.2–0.92%(P &lt; 0.01) higher than in GC. In the second month of lactation, the mass fraction of protein in GE2 was higher by 0.24% (P &lt; 0.01), in GE3–by 0.14 (P &lt; 0.05) relative to GC. At the 3rd month of lactation, the protein content in milk was 0.29% higher in GE2 (P &lt; 0.001) and GE3-by 0.21% (P &lt; 0.001) than in GC.

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