EFFECT OF HYDRO- AND OSMO-PRIMING ON MEMBRANE DETERIORATION, PROLINE ACCUMULATION AND H2O2 SCAVENGING ENZYMES IN TWO SALT STRESSED CHICKPEA CULTIVARS

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 619-626 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Khodabakhsh ◽  
Rayhaneh Amooaghaie ◽  
Akbar Mostajeran
Keyword(s):  
Proline Accumulation ◽  
Scavenging Enzymes ◽  
Chickpea Cultivars ◽  
Membrane Deterioration

scholarly journals ROS Defense Systems and Terminal Oxidases in Bacteria

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 839
Author(s):  
Vitaliy B. Borisov ◽  
Sergey A. Siletsky ◽  
Martina R. Nastasi ◽  
Elena Forte
Keyword(s):  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Superoxide Dismutases ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Ros Scavenging ◽  
Terminal Oxidases ◽  
Defense Systems ◽  
Respiratory Chains ◽  
Scavenging Enzymes

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) comprise the superoxide anion (O2·−), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), hydroxyl radical (·OH), and singlet oxygen (1O2). ROS can damage a variety of macromolecules, including DNA, RNA, proteins, and lipids, and compromise cell viability. To prevent or reduce ROS-induced oxidative stress, bacteria utilize different ROS defense mechanisms, of which ROS scavenging enzymes, such as superoxide dismutases, catalases, and peroxidases, are the best characterized. Recently, evidence has been accumulating that some of the terminal oxidases in bacterial respiratory chains may also play a protective role against ROS. The present review covers this role of terminal oxidases in light of recent findings.

De novo protein synthesis in relation to ammonia and proline accumulation in water stressed white clover

2004 ◽  
Vol 31 (8) ◽  
pp. 847 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tae-Hwan Kim ◽  
Bok-Rye Lee ◽  
Woo-Jin Jung ◽  
Kil-Yong Kim ◽  
Jean-Christophe Avice ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
White Clover ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Proline Accumulation ◽  
Leaf Water ◽  
Total N ◽  
Water Parameters ◽  
Leaves And Roots ◽  
De Novo Protein Synthesis

The kinetics of protein incorporation from newly-absorbed nitrogen (N, de novo protein synthesis) was estimated by 15N tracing in 18-week-old white clover plants (Trifolium repens L. cv. Regal) during 7 d of water-deficit treatment. The physiological relationship between kinetics and accumulation of proline and ammonia in response to the change in leaf-water parameters was also assessed. All leaf-water parameters measured decreased gradually under water deficit. Leaf and root dry mass was not significantly affected during the first 3 d when decreases in leaf-water parameters were substantial. However, metabolic parameters such as total N, proline and ammonia were significantly affected within 1 d of commencement of water-deficit treatment. Water-deficit treatment significantly increased the proline and NH3–NH4+ concentrations in both leaves and roots. There was a marked reduction in the amount of N incorporated into the protein fraction from the newly absorbed N (NANP) in water-deficit stressed plants, particularly in leaf tissue. This reduction in NANP was strongly associated with an increased concentration of NH3–NH4+ in roots (P≤0.05) and proline (P≤0.01) in leaves and roots. These results suggest that proline accumulation may be a sensitive biochemical indicator of plant water status and of the dynamics of de novo protein synthesis in response to stress severity.

Yield response in chickpea cultivars and wheat following crop rotations affecting population densities of Pratylenchus thornei and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

2014 ◽  
Vol 65 (5) ◽  
pp. 428 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Reen ◽  
J. P. Thompson ◽  
T. G. Clewett ◽  
J. G. Sheedy ◽  
K. L. Bell
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
First Year ◽  
Pratylenchus Thornei ◽  
Tolerance Indices ◽  
Chickpea Cultivars

In Australia, root-lesion nematode (RLN; Pratylenchus thornei) significantly reduces chickpea and wheat yields. Yield losses from RLN have been determined through use of nematicide; however, nematicide does not control nematodes in Vertosol subsoils in Australia’s northern grains region. The alternative strategy of assessing yield response, by using crop rotation with resistant and susceptible crops to manipulate nematode populations, is poorly documented for chickpea. Our research tested the effectiveness of crop rotation and nematicide against P. thornei populations for assessing yield loss in chickpea. First-year field plots included canola, linseed, canaryseed, wheat and a fallow treatment, all with and without the nematicide aldicarb. The following year, aldicarb was reapplied and plots were re-cropped with four chickpea cultivars and one intolerant wheat cultivar. Highest P. thornei populations were after wheat, at 0.45–0.6 m soil depth. Aldicarb was effective to just 0.3 m for wheat and 0.45 m for other crops, and increased subsequent crop grain yield by only 6%. Canola, linseed and fallow treatments reduced P. thornei populations, but low mycorrhizal spore levels in the soil after canola and fallow treatments were associated with low chickpea yield. Canaryseed kept P. thornei populations low throughout the soil profile and maintained mycorrhizal spore densities, resulting in grain yield increases of up to 25% for chickpea cultivars and 55% for wheat when pre-cropped with canaryseed compared with wheat. Tolerance indices for chickpeas based on yield differences after paired wheat and canaryseed plots ranged from 80% for cv. Tyson to 95% for cv. Lasseter and this strategy is recommended for future use in assessing tolerance.

scholarly journals Proline Accumulation Is Inhibitory to Arabidopsis Seedlings during Heat Stress

2011 ◽  
Vol 156 (4) ◽  
pp. 1921-1933 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei-Tao Lv ◽  
Bin Lin ◽  
Min Zhang ◽  
Xue-Jun Hua
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Proline Accumulation
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document