Planted Hardwood Development on Clay Soil Without Weed Control Through 16 Years

1987 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger M. Krinard ◽  
Harvey E. Kennedy
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Clay Soil

scholarly journals Methods for Successful Afforestation of a Weed Infested Clay Soil

1970 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. W. Von Althen
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Clay Soil ◽  
Black Locust ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
White Spruce ◽  
White Pine ◽  
Southern Ontario ◽  
White Ash ◽  
Silver Maple ◽  
Hardwood Species

The effects of plowing and tilling, fertilization, and chemical weed control on survival and height growth of newly planted seedlings of black locust, silver maple, white ash, white pine, and white spruce were investigated in a non-replicated study in southern Ontario. Cost-benefit relationships of treatments were computed. Plowing and tilling improved growth of all species with average increases ranging from 37 per cent for white spruce to 750 per cent for white ash. Plowing and tilling plus weed control greatly improved growth of all hardwood species and resulted in the most favourable growth-cost relationship. Fertilization improved growth of locust, ash, and maple by 200, 500, and 700 per cent respectively, but failed to increase conifer growth. Application of 12 pounds of simazine increased ash mortality by 67 per cent. White spruce was subject to severe frost heaving following complete weed control.

Weed Control for Soybean (Glycine max) Planted in a Stale or Undisturbed Seedbed on Clay Soil

1992 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larry G. Heatherly ◽  
C. Dennis Elmore ◽  
Richard A. Wesley
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Clay Soil ◽  
Soybean Seed ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
No Till ◽  
Seed Yields ◽  
Made In

Field studies were conducted for three consecutive years to determine if PRE and/or POST herbicides were needed in addition to preplant foliar-applied glyphosate and POST cultivation for maximum seed yield of irrigated and nonirrigated soybean planted in stale and undisturbed seedbeds on clay soil. Soybean seed yields following the use of PRE and POST herbicides alone or in combination were similar in all years, and exceeded seed yield following the use of glyphosate plus POST cultivation only. Plantings made in no-till and fall-till seedbeds produced similar seed yields when both PRE and POST herbicides were used. These results indicate that glyphosate plus cultivation was not adequate for soybean in stale seedbed plantings, and that either PRE or POST herbicides, but not both, were required for maximum seed yield.

THE EFFECTS OF FUSARIUM WILT AND WEED CONTROL ON SURVIVAL OF BIRDSFOOT TREFOIL

1985 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 329-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. M. MURPHY ◽  
A. R. GOTLIEB ◽  
D. T. DUGDALE
Keyword(s):  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Fusarium Wilt ◽  
Clay Soil ◽  
Lotus Corniculatus ◽  
Birdsfoot Trefoil ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Trifoliate Leaf ◽  
Leaf Stage

Birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.) seed production is no longer profitable for Champlain Valley farmers, partly because the plants do not grow or persist as well as they did in the past due to a Fusarium wilt disease (Fusarium oxysporum). This study was done to determine the effects of chemical and cultural weed control on birdsfoot trefoil seedlings in a Champlain-Valley clay soil containing Fusarium oxysporum. In a greenhouse experiment, 2,4-DB was applied to birdsfoot trefoil seedlings growing on pasteurized potting mix inoculated with F. oxysporum. When applied at label rate in the second trifoliate-leaf stage, and 14 days later, 2,4-DB increased seedling mortality additively with death due to F. oxysporum. When 2,4-DB was applied 7 days after the second trifoliate-leaf stage, it did not influence seedling survival. Applying 2,4-DB reduced dry weights of tops and roots of surviving seedlings. A field experiment was done on a clay soil (Glossaquic Hapludalf) being used for birdsfoot trefoil seed production and known to contain F. oxysporum. Raised beds were included as a variable to determine effects of improved root-zone drainage. Weeds were controlled by clipping or with 2,4-DB/dalapon postemergent herbicides in two birdsfoot trefoil seeding rates of 16.8 and 3.4 kg seed∙ha−1. The herbicides did not influence seedling death rate. By May of the second year plant populations within a seeding rate were the same, regardless of weed control practice and seedbed preparation.Key words: Dalapon, Fusarium oxysporum, Lotus corniculatus L., 2,4-DB

scholarly journals Evaluation of diquat for postemergence weed control in pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata)

1969 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 285-290
Author(s):  
Luis Almodóvar-Vega ◽  
Manuel Díaz-Rivera ◽  
Nelson Semidey-Laracuente
Keyword(s):  
Toxic Effect ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Clay Soil ◽  
Cucurbita Moschata ◽  
Agricultural Experiment Station ◽  
Herbicide Application ◽  
Promising Candidate ◽  
Plot Yield ◽  
Broad Leaf ◽  
Agricultural Experiment

In 1982, the bipyridilium herbicides diquat [6,7-dihydrodipyrido (1,2- :2;i-c) pyrazinediium ion] at 0.56, 1.12 and 2.24 kg ai/ha, and paraquat [1, 1-dimethyl-4,4' -bipyridinium ion] at 2.24 kg ai/ha were evaluated for postemergence control of weeds in pumpkin cv. Borinquen (Cucurbita moschata (Duchesne) Poir). The experiment was established in Fraternidad clay soil, a Vertisol at the Lajas Substation, Agricultural Experiment Station. No statistical differences (P=0.05) in yield were detected among the hand-weeded plots (25,580 kg/ha), diquat treated plots (23,296 kg/ha), and paraquat treated plots (27,341 kg/ha). Significant differences in plot yield were observed among paraquat 2.24 kg rate treatment, diquat at the lower rates, and the non-weeded plots. Yields were 0.56 kg diquat (17,172 kg/ha), 1.12 kg diquat (19,551 kg), and non weeded check (10,243 kg/ha). All rates of herbicides provided 100% control of Ipomoea tillacea L.; the higher rates also controlled over 85% Euphorbia heterophylla. Control of grass weeds was inefficient (10% or less) with diquat sprays 1 month after the second herbicide application. Nevertheless, diquat seems to be a promising candidate herbicide for postemergence weed control in pumpkin since it efficiently controlled broad leaf weeds with less toxic effect on applicators than paraquat.

Net Returns from Stale Seedbed Plantings of Soybean (Glycine max) on Clay Soil

1993 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 972-980 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larry G. Heatherly ◽  
Richard A. Wesley ◽  
C. Dennis Elmore ◽  
Stan R. Spurlock
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Cover Crop ◽  
Clay Soil ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Net Return ◽  
Early Planting ◽  
Net Returns ◽  
No Till

Field studies were conducted for three years in each of two successive experiments and analyzed to determine net return from stale seedbed plantings of soybean. Treatments in the first experiment were early May and late May/early June plantings in seedbeds that had combinations of tillage at various times between harvest and planting, incorporation of trifluralin, or no preplant tillage. Treatments in the second experiment were irrigated and nonirrigated stale or no-till seedbed plantings with weed control treatments that included POST cultivation plus combinations of preplant foliar-applied (PFA) glyphosate, PRE metribuzin, and POST herbicides. Results indicate that 1) early planting of soybean resulting from use of a stale seedbed will result in higher net returns when irrigation is used, 2) use of a wheat cover crop does not justify the expense, 3) soybean planted in a no-till seedbed will result in net return similar to that from plantings in fall-tilled, spring-tilled, or prepared seedbeds, 4) use of only a PFA herbicide plus POST cultivation in a stale seedbed planting where competitive weeds such as common cocklebur appear later will result in a significant reduction in net returns, and 5) use of PRE herbicides in conjunction with PFA herbicide and POST cultivation in a stale seedbed planting will result in the highest net return with the least input.

Planting System and Weed Control Effects on Soybean Grown on Clay Soil

1988 ◽  
Vol 80 (5) ◽  
pp. 818-821 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Dennis Elmore ◽  
L. G. Heatherly
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Clay Soil ◽  
Planting System

Weed Control in No-till Doublecrop Soybean (Glycine max) Following Winter Wheat (Triticum aestivum) on a Clay Soil

1995 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 306-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Dennis Elmore ◽  
Larry G. Heatherly ◽  
Richard A. Wesley
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Clay Soil ◽  
Italian Ryegrass ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
First Year ◽  
No Till ◽  
Wheat Stubble ◽  
Prickly Sida

Weed control was evaluated in no-till planted soybean in both burned and standing wheat stubble for 3 yr. High, intermediate, low, and no weed management following no-till planting of soybean were compared with a tilled treatment with high weed management. Herbicides for the high weed management were metribuzin plus metolachlor PRE followed by POST applications, as needed, of bentazon, acifluorfen, and fluazifop or quizalofop. Intermediate management included all of the above except metolachlor, plus the as-needed use of chlorimuron or lactofen POST. Low management had no PRE herbicide applications but included the above POST herbicides. Glyphosate was used as a preplant foliar applied desiccant in the stubble-planted soybean of all weed management levels. Yield of soybean was not affected by standing, burned, or tilled wheat stubble. Soil organic matter in the 0 to 2.5 cm of soil was not significantly affected at the end of the 3 yr. Yield of wheat was reduced by standing wheat stubble in the first year of the study. Total POST weed control was sufficient for maximum soybean yields in the second and third years of the study. The weed spectrum changed during the experiment for the no-weed-control treatment in soybean and in wheat. The major weeds present in soybean after 3 yr of no-till were southern crabgrass, nodding spurge, redvine, prickly sida, barnyardgrass, and johnsongrass; in wheat they were Italian ryegrass, little barley, mayweed chamomile, and hairy buttercup.

Grass Weed Control for Soybean (Glycine max) on Clay Soil

1991 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larry G. Heatherly ◽  
C. Dennis Elmore
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Glycine Max ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Clay Soil ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Optimum Yield ◽  
Weed Infestation ◽  
Repeated Applications ◽  
Postemergence Herbicides ◽  
Grass Weed

Field studies were conducted for four consecutive years to determine if repeated applications of trifluralin (preplant incorporated), metolachlor (preemergence), and fluazifop (postemergence) herbicides alone or combined could be utilized in soybean to effectively control grass weed populations and maintain optimum yield in an irrigated environment where metribuzin plus dinoseb (preemergence) and 2,4-DB plus linuron (postemergence) were used as a standard weed control system. After repeated applications each year, all treatments maintained similar yields that were no different from yields obtained from the standard system. Grass weed infestation did not increase significantly in the treatment that received only the standard weed control herbicides over the duration of the study.

Influence of Application Variables on Efficacy of Postemergence Applications of DPX-PE350

1993 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 619-624 ◽  
Author(s):  
David L. Jordan ◽  
Robert E. Frans ◽  
Marilyn R. McClelland
Keyword(s):  
Nonionic Surfactant ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Clay Soil ◽  
Silty Clay ◽  
Silt Loam ◽  
Silt Loam Soil ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
Spray Volume ◽  
And Control ◽  
Silty Clay Soil

Experiments were conducted to compare control of entireleaf morningglory with POST applications of DPX-PE350 applied with no adjuvant, a nonionic surfactant, or crop oil concentrate in spray volumes of 94, 235, and 375 L ha−1. Control was greater with a nonionic surfactant or crop oil concentrate than with no adjuvant and control with crop oil concentrate exceeded control with the nonionic surfactant. Spray volume had no effect on efficacy. DPX-PE350 was more effective when applied to foliage only or to soil plus foliage than when applied to soil only after emergence of entireleaf morningglory. Control from soil-only applications was lower on a silty clay soil than on a silt loam soil. Except for sicklepod, mixing DPX-PE350 with fluometuron or MSMA had little effect on weed control.

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