Prooxidant-Antioxidant Status of Dental Pulp and Lining of Oral Cavity of Rats with Experimental Iodine Deficiency and Insuline Resistance

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 16-20
Author(s):  
S. P. Huranych ◽  
◽  
N. M. Voronych-Semchenko ◽  
T. V. Huranych
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Iodine Deficiency ◽  
Dental Pulp ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Insuline Resistance

scholarly journals Association between Helicobacter pylori infection and dental pulp reservoirs in Japanese adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Komei Iwai ◽  
Isao Watanabe ◽  
Toshiro Yamamoto ◽  
Nagato Kuriyama ◽  
Daisuke Matsui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Dental Pulp ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Supragingival Plaque ◽  
Japanese Adults ◽  
H Pylori

Abstract Background Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) colonize the stomach and are considered an etiological agent of gastric cancer. The oral cavity is a transmission route to the stomach, but the exact site of colonization has not yet been explicated. Our study investigated the association between H. pylori infection and presence in oral samples. Methods Dental pulp, supragingival plaque, and saliva from 192 patients visiting the Dentistry’s outpatient clinic were collected for testing. The H. pylori ureA gene was identified via Nested PCR. Urine anti-H. pylori antibody test was utilized to detect infection. Results Twenty-five subjects were found to be antibody-positive. PCR analysis of dental pulp revealed that 23 subjects possessed the ureA gene. Twenty-one subjects were positive for both antibodies and genes in dental pulp. PCR testing revealed that 2 subjects were positive in dental plaque but negative for saliva. The subjects positive for H. pylori in dental pulp expressed clinical signs of severe dental caries. Conclusions H. pylori infected subjects expressed H. pylori in samples from the oral cavity. The main reservoir for infection within the oral cavity was determined to be dental pulp. Moreover, H. pylori are likely transmitted from dental caries to the root canal.

scholarly journals Oxidative stress, plasma/salivary antioxidant status detection and health risk factors

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vadala Maria ◽  
Palmieri Beniamino ◽  
Malagoli Andrea ◽  
Laurino Carmen
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Stress Level ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
Smoking Habit ◽  
Health Risk Factors ◽  
Oxidative Stress Level

Background: Oxidative stress is involved in the pathophysiology of several diseases such as cardiovascular disorders, cancer, neurodegeneration.Aims and Objectives: Our study evaluated the oxidant/antioxidant status on a cohort of healthy patients matched with some independent variables as a basic individual redox balance monitor on a disease-prevention perspective.Materials and Methods: The anecdotic, retrospective and observational study included 200 apparently healthy volunteers after formal informed consent release whose personal history and physical examination had been recorded specifically on the following items: age, previous diseases, sport activities, smoking habit, balanced/unbalanced nutrition, current absence/presence of inflammatory processes, oral health hygiene, administration of oral contraceptives or hormone replacement therapy in postmenopausal women. No drug treatment was admitted in the recruited patients, up to 6 months before the evaluation. The laboratory instruments used were Point of care FRAS 4 Evolvo (H&D, Parma, Italy) measuring the oxidative stress in plasma samples and antioxidant capacity in plasma and saliva samples.Results: Two-hundred patients were recruited. Statistically relevant differences were observed in oxidative stress-related variables, namely a significant relationship between plasma oxidative stress level and female gender (p<0.01), between saliva antioxidant level and age (p=0.01), between plasma antioxidant level and unbalanced diet (p<0.01), between plasma oxidative stress level and inflammation in the oral cavity (p=0.04), and between saliva antioxidant level and inflammation in the oral cavity (p<0.01).Conclusions: A relationship between oxidative/antioxidant status and health risk factors has been outlined in our study; the achieved data are quite helpful, in the clinical practice, providing additional information on individual general health conditions, putatively related to prevention diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment effectiveness in some specific diseases.Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.8(1) 2017 32-41

Management of Periodontitis Associated with Endodontically Involved Teeth: A Case Series

2005 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 118-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pradeep S. Anand ◽  
K. Nandakumar
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Treatment Planning ◽  
Dental Pulp ◽  
Periodontal Ligament ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Disease Process ◽  
Simultaneous Existence ◽  
Treatment Procedures

Abstract The pulp and the periodontal attachment are the two components that enable a tooth to function in the oral cavity. Lesions of the periodontal ligament and adjacent alveolar bone may originate from infections of the periodontium or tissues of the dental pulp. The simultaneous existence of pulpal problems and inflammatory periodontal disease can complicate diagnosis and treatment planning. The function of the tooth is severely compromised when either one of these is involved in the disease process. Treatment of disease conditions involving both of these structures can be challenging and frequently requires combining both endodontic and periodontal treatment procedures. This article presents cases of periodontitis associated with endodontic lesions managed by both endodontic and periodontal therapy. Citation Anand PS, Nandakumar K. Management of Periodontitis Associated with Endodontically Involved Teeth: A Case Series. J Contemp Dent Pract 2005 May;(6)2:118-129.

Effect of trigeminal tractotomy on behavioral response to dental pulp stimulation in the monkey

1981 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 420-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald F. Young ◽  
Terrence D. Oleson ◽  
Kent M. Perryman
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Dental Pulp ◽  
Behavioral Responses ◽  
Facial Skin ◽  
Trigeminal Nucleus ◽  
Pharmacological Agents ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Fine Print ◽  
Stimulation Of

✓ Trigeminal tractotomy near the level of the obex was carried out in 10 macaque monkeys. Behavioral responses were evaluated by a quantitative paradigm measuring lever-press responses to electrical stimulation of the dental pulp or facial skin, and by assessing facial response to cutaneous pin-scratch before and after the tractotomy. Two pharmacological agents, strychnine and L-dopa, were administered and their effect on behavioral responses to these stimuli was studied. Tractotomy did not produce dental analgesia. Thresholds for escape from cutaneous electrical stimulation of facial skin, however, were elevated, consistent with marked hypalgesia to pin-scratch. The adversive responses to pin-scratch were absent in peripheral portions of the face, but near the midline and inside the oral cavity they were usually decreased or normal. Pharmacological agents caused a reduction in escape thresholds to cutaneous electrical stimulation and a shrinkage or abolition of the zone of analgesia to pinscratch. The results imply that trigeminal nucleus caudalis, which undergoes deafferentation by tractotomy, may not be essential for processing of nociceptive information from the teeth, oral cavity, and midline facial zones. This finding is contrary to long-held hypotheses concerning facial pain mechanisms. The ability of strychnine and L-dopa to alter nociceptive escape thresholds is consistent with the idea, suggested by Denny-Brown, that facial nociception depends on central summation in the entire spinal trigeminal nucleus from overlapping afferent inputs contained in the trigeminal nerve, other cranial nerves, and the upper cervical nerve roots.

scholarly journals Inflammatory Response Mechanisms of the Dentine–Pulp Complex and the Periapical Tissues

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 1480
Author(s):  
Kerstin M. Galler ◽  
Manuel Weber ◽  
Yüksel Korkmaz ◽  
Matthias Widbiller ◽  
Markus Feuerer
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Dental Pulp ◽  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Root Tip ◽  
Periodontal Tissues

The macroscopic and microscopic anatomy of the oral cavity is complex and unique in the human body. Soft-tissue structures are in close interaction with mineralized bone, but also dentine, cementum and enamel of our teeth. These are exposed to intense mechanical and chemical stress as well as to dense microbiologic colonization. Teeth are susceptible to damage, most commonly to caries, where microorganisms from the oral cavity degrade the mineralized tissues of enamel and dentine and invade the soft connective tissue at the core, the dental pulp. However, the pulp is well-equipped to sense and fend off bacteria and their products and mounts various and intricate defense mechanisms. The front rank is formed by a layer of odontoblasts, which line the pulp chamber towards the dentine. These highly specialized cells not only form mineralized tissue but exert important functions as barrier cells. They recognize pathogens early in the process, secrete antibacterial compounds and neutralize bacterial toxins, initiate the immune response and alert other key players of the host defense. As bacteria get closer to the pulp, additional cell types of the pulp, including fibroblasts, stem and immune cells, but also vascular and neuronal networks, contribute with a variety of distinct defense mechanisms, and inflammatory response mechanisms are critical for tissue homeostasis. Still, without therapeutic intervention, a deep carious lesion may lead to tissue necrosis, which allows bacteria to populate the root canal system and invade the periradicular bone via the apical foramen at the root tip. The periodontal tissues and alveolar bone react to the insult with an inflammatory response, most commonly by the formation of an apical granuloma. Healing can occur after pathogen removal, which is achieved by disinfection and obturation of the pulp space by root canal treatment. This review highlights the various mechanisms of pathogen recognition and defense of dental pulp cells and periradicular tissues, explains the different cell types involved in the immune response and discusses the mechanisms of healing and repair, pointing out the close links between inflammation and regeneration as well as between inflammation and potential malignant transformation.

Oral Myiasis in a Captive Hippopotamus

2009 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 168-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
João Luiz Rossi Junior ◽  
Flaviana L. Guião-Leite ◽  
Marco Antonio Gioso ◽  
Léslie M. Domingues Falqueiro ◽  
Roberto Silveira Fecchio
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Dental Pulp ◽  
Canine Tooth ◽  
Dental Eruption ◽  
In Captivity ◽  
Mandibular Canine ◽  
Dental Infections

Causes of dental infections can be related to failed dental eruption, malocclusion, abrasion, fractures with or without exposure of the dental pulp, and periodontal disease. Reports of oral myiasis in megavertebrates in captivity are infrequent, perhaps due to the difficulty in observing the oral cavity in such species. This report describes a case of oral myiasis in an adult male hippopotamus in the gingival area and alveolar mucosa of the left mandibular canine tooth.

scholarly journals Iodine levels are associated with oxidative stress and antioxidant status in pregnant women with hypertensive disease

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 661 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergio Cuellar-Rufino ◽  
Mónica Navarro-Meza ◽  
Pablo García-Solís ◽  
Irene Xochihua-Rosas ◽  
Omar Arroyo-Helguera
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Iodine Deficiency ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Urinary Iodine ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Urinary Iodine Concentration ◽  
Hypertensive Disease ◽  
Free T4 ◽  
Sod Activity

Background: Previously has been reported the antioxidant function of iodine, and iodine deficiency as a risk factor of preeclampsia.Aim: We analyze the association between iodine deficiency, oxidative stress and antioxidant status with hypertensive disease of pregnancy (HPD).Method: 57 pregnant women were recruited in the last trimester of pregnancy, 20 diagnosed with hypertensive disease of pregnancy and 37 normotensive pregnant women. Urinary iodine concentration (UIC), TSH, free T4 (fT4), total antioxidant status (FRP), Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Catalase (CAT), and oxidative stress (TBARS) were evaluated by colorimetric methods.Results: UIC median for all pregnant women was of 151.9 µg / L. The UIC median for pregnant women with HPD was between 50-149 µg/L compared to 150-249 µg/L in normotensive women. No significant changes were found in levels of TSH and fT4 in normotensive pregnant compared with HPD women. Pregnant women with HPD had significant high levels of TBARS, and significant low levels of FRP, SOD, CAT and UIC compared to normotensive pregnant. In addition, pregnant women with optimal levels of UIC had a higher SOD activity (R = 0.354, P = 0.011), while iodine deficiency was associated with HPD (R = -0,281, p = 0.039). Similarly, pregnant with HPD had a significant negative association with SOD activity (R = -0,702, p = 0.005), CAT (R = -0,409, p = 0.002), and FRP (R = -0,624, p = 0.003), and a positive association with TBARS (R = 0.744, p = 0.001).Conclusion: iodine contributes to REDOX balance during pregnancy; its deficiency is associated with HPD. This study shows the importance of iodine during pregnancy.

scholarly journals STRUCTURAL CHANGES OF THE ORAL MUCOSA IN RATS WITH INSULIN RESISTANCE, IODINE DEFICIENCY AND UNDER CONDITIONS OF THEIR COMBINATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 3-19
Author(s):  
S.P. Huranych ◽  
N.M. Voronych-Semchenko ◽  
M.M. Bagrii
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Mucous Membrane ◽  
Oral Mucosa ◽  
Iodine Deficiency ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Histological Structure ◽  
Periodontal Tissues

Relevance. The relationship between endocrinopathies and the condition of the oral cavity is associated with disorders of metabolism, hemodynamics, immunological and neuroregulatory changes. Since the first line of contact with the environment of the oral cavity is the mucous membrane, changes in its properties adversely affect the functional state of other periodontal tissues. Objective: to examine the structural changes of the oral mucosa in rats with combined endocrinopathy. Materials and methods. The studies were carried on 120 rats, which were divided into three experimental (animals with iodine deficiency – ID, insulin resistance – IR, IR on the background of ID) and a control group of animals. Histological examination of the oral mucosa, computer morphometry, and densitometry of objects was performed. Results. In rats with ID, the epithelium of the mucous membrane was characterized by the development of acanthosis, expansion of the granular layer, enhanced keratin formation. The development of IR caused hyperplastic changes in the epithelium with the formation of unexpressed cords of acanthosis, epithelial basal hypercellular infiltration, which was confirmed by morphometric data. Under conditions of combined endocrinopathy, more pronounced changes in the histological structure of oral mucosa were observed. In particular, the development of mucosal edema in connective tissue, with predominantly macrophage hypercellularity at the periphery, was noted. Densitometric examination of the samples indicated a decrease in the optical density of connective tissue. At the same time, hyperplastic changes in most layers of the epithelium and pronounced changes in the vascular wall were observed. Conclusions. Combined endocrinopathy leads to pronounced changes of the oral mucosa, which can lead to disruption of the structure of periodontal tissues and the entire tooth-alveolar complex.

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