scholarly journals Genomics of Acetylcholinesterase gene expression and related RNA content in brain of five different vertebrate species: A prospective institutional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 29-34
Author(s):  
Rajesh Bangaraiahgari ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Vertebrate Species ◽  
Rna Content ◽  
Acetylcholinesterase Gene

Abstract 16009: Y RNA Fragments Enriched in Exosomes From Cardiosphere-derived Cells Mediate Cardioprotection and Macrophage Polarization

Circulation ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 132 (suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Cambier ◽  
Geoffrey de Couto ◽  
Ahmed Ibrahim ◽  
Eduardo Marbán
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Gene Expression ◽  
Noncoding Rna ◽  
Neonatal Rat ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Rna Content ◽  
Rna Fragments ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Background: Exosomes secreted by cardiosphere-derived cells (CDCs) are critical agents of regeneration and cardioprotection following ischemic injury, mediating the beneficial therapeutic effects of CDCs. Transfer of exosomal RNA to target cells is important for bioactivity. Objective: We sought to determine the RNA content of CDCs-secreted exosomes (CDC-exo), and to assess the contributions of selected small non-coding RNAs to the therapeutic efficacy of CDC-exo. Methods: Using next-generation sequencing (Illumina), we characterized the RNA content of CDC-exo. By direct transfection of fluorescently-labelled oligoribonucleotides, we delivered and tracked selected RNA fragments that are highly enriched in CDC-exo. In order to examine potential cytoprotective effects, neonatal rat ventricular myocytes (NRVMs) were pretreated with each of these fragments or a scrambled control fragment prior to H2O2-induced oxidative stress. Effects on gene expression were assessed by transfection of the fragments into bone marrow-derived macrophages. Results: Several noncoding RNA species were present in CDC-exo. Among these, Y RNAs (either whole or in fragments of the 5’ end) constituted 18% of all hits. From this data set, we selected two highly-enriched Y RNA fragments. Both fragments localized to the cytoplasm of CDC, NRVM and macrophages, and conferred augmented resistance to oxidative stress of NRVM (64.25±31.13% viability vs. 44±26.85%; p=0.06). Additionally, macrophages transfected with Y fragments exhibit rapid, robust polarization to a distinctive gene expression profile notable for upregulation of IL-10 (83.07 vs. 0.59 fold; p<0.0001), an anti-inflammatory cytokine. Conclusions: Here, we demonstrated that abundant noncoding RNA components of CDC-exo, Y RNA fragments, are bioactive components of CDC-exo. Two distinct fragments confer cardioprotection and also induce a strong anti-inflammatory response in macrophages. Although several components of the CDC-exo payload (including miRNA) contribute to functional efficacy, the present findings demonstrate the capacity of Y RNA fragments, an RNA species of previously-unknown function, to elicit therapeutic effects in vitro.

scholarly journals Complex regulation of acetylcholinesterase gene expression in human brain tumors

Oncogene ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 21 (55) ◽  
pp. 8428-8441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chava Perry ◽  
Ella H Sklan ◽  
Klara Birikh ◽  
Michael Shapira ◽  
Leonor Trejo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Human Brain ◽  
Human Brain Tumors ◽  
Complex Regulation ◽  
Acetylcholinesterase Gene

scholarly journals Revealing the bovine embryo transcript profiles during early in vivo embryonic development

Reproduction ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 138 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maud Vallée ◽  
Isabelle Dufort ◽  
Stéphanie Desrosiers ◽  
Aurélie Labbe ◽  
Catherine Gravel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Mrna Level ◽  
Early Embryonic Development ◽  
Bovine Embryo ◽  
Rna Content

Gene expression profiling is proving to be a powerful approach for the identification of molecular mechanisms underlying complex cellular functions such as the dynamic early embryonic development. The objective of this study was to perform a transcript abundance profiling analysis of bovine early embryonic development in vivo using a bovine developmental array. The molecular description of the first week of life at the mRNA level is particularly challenging when considering the important fluctuations in RNA content that occur between developmental stages. Accounting for the different intrinsic RNA content between developmental stages was achieved by restricting the reaction time during the global amplification steps and by using spiked controls and reference samples. Analysis based on intensity values revealed that most of the transcripts on the array were present at some point during in vivo bovine early embryonic development, while the varying number of genes detected in each developmental stage confirmed the dynamic profile of gene expression occurring during embryonic development. Pair-wise comparison of gene expression showed a marked difference between oocytes and blastocysts profiles, and principal component analysis revealed that the majority of the transcripts could be regrouped into three main clusters representing distinct RNA abundance profiles. Overall, these data provide a detailed temporal profile of the abundance of mRNAs revealing the richness of signaling processes in early mammalian development. Results presented here provide better knowledge of bovine in vivo embryonic development and contribute to the progression of our current knowledge regarding the first week of life in mammals.

scholarly journals RNA Content Differs in Slow and Fast Muscle Fibers: Implications for Interpretation of Changes in Muscle Gene Expression

1999 ◽  
Vol 47 (8) ◽  
pp. 995-1004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petra E.M.H. Habets ◽  
Diego Franco ◽  
Jan M. Ruijter ◽  
Anthony J. Sargeant ◽  
José A.A. Sant'Ana Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Muscle Fibers ◽  
Fast Muscle ◽  
Muscle Gene Expression ◽  
Rna Content ◽  
Muscle Gene

scholarly journals Noradrenergic Modulation of Light-Driven Egr-1 Expression in the Adult Visual Cortex

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. JEN.S6497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liisa A. Tremere
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Visual Cortex ◽  
Neuronal Plasticity ◽  
Adrenergic Receptor ◽  
Receptor Activation ◽  
Early Gene ◽  
Receptor Subtype ◽  
Vertebrate Species ◽  
Regulated Gene Expression ◽  
Noradrenergic Modulation

Noradrenaline has been shown to modulate sensory driven responses in the primary visual cortex (V1) of a number of vertebrate species. Moreover, this neurotransmitter has been postulated to bridge neuronal activation to genomic responses in order to instruct cells in long-lasting changes in neuronal performance. Here we show that local noradrenergic receptor activation in V1 is required for experience-regulated gene expression in the mouse V1. More specifically, we demonstrate that noradrenaline used locally within V1 mediates the light-driven gene expression of egr-1, an immediate early gene implicated as a mediator of neuronal plasticity. Visually-driven egr-1 expression largely depends on the α-adrenergic receptor subtype, with a lesser involvement of the β-subtype. Our findings suggest that noradrenergic transmission regulates plasticity associated gene expression in V1 of awake mice and is well positioned to broadly integrate experience-dependent changes at the cell's membrane and the genomic machinery in neurons.

scholarly journals Amalgamated cross-species transcriptomes reveal organ-specific propensity in gene expression evolution

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenji Fukushima ◽  
David D. Pollock
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Gene Duplication ◽  
Evolutionary Rate ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Vertebrate Species ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Organ Specific ◽  
Tightly Coupled ◽  
Expression Evolution ◽  
Gene Expression Evolution

Abstract The origins of multicellular physiology are tied to evolution of gene expression. Genes can shift expression as organisms evolve, but how ancestral expression influences altered descendant expression is not well understood. To examine this, we amalgamate 1,903 RNA-seq datasets from 182 research projects, including 6 organs in 21 vertebrate species. Quality control eliminates project-specific biases, and expression shifts are reconstructed using gene-family-wise phylogenetic Ornstein–Uhlenbeck models. Expression shifts following gene duplication result in more drastic changes in expression properties than shifts without gene duplication. The expression properties are tightly coupled with protein evolutionary rate, depending on whether and how gene duplication occurred. Fluxes in expression patterns among organs are nonrandom, forming modular connections that are reshaped by gene duplication. Thus, if expression shifts, ancestral expression in some organs induces a strong propensity for expression in particular organs in descendants. Regardless of whether the shifts are adaptive or not, this supports a major role for what might be termed preadaptive pathways of gene expression evolution.

scholarly journals Exposure to radio-frequency electromagnetic waves alters acetylcholinesterase gene expression, exploratory and motor coordination-linked behaviour in male rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 530-534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adejoke Olukayode Obajuluwa ◽  
Ayodele Jacob Akinyemi ◽  
Olakunle Bamikole Afolabi ◽  
Khalid Adekoya ◽  
Joseph Olurotimi Sanya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Radio Frequency ◽  
Electromagnetic Waves ◽  
Motor Coordination ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Acetylcholinesterase Gene

scholarly journals MicroRNAs in Development

2006 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 1828-1840 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle Maatouk ◽  
Brian D. Harfe
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Small Rna ◽  
Noncoding Rnas ◽  
Vertebrate Species ◽  
Genetic Screens ◽  
Regulate Gene Expression ◽  
Rna Transcripts ◽  
The Past ◽  
Forward Genetic Screens ◽  
Regulate Gene

Over 10 years ago, the lab of Victor Ambros cloned an unusual gene,lin-4, which encodes two small RNA transcripts[1]. In the past few years, hundreds more of these tiny transcripts, termed microRNAs (miRNAs), have been uncovered in over a dozen species. The functions of the first two miRNAs,lin-4andlet-7, were relatively easy to identify since they were found in forward genetic screens in Caenorhabditis elegans[1,2,3]. However, uncovering the functions of the growing list of miRNAs presents a challenge to developmental biologists. This review will describe our current understanding of how miRNAs regulate gene expression and will focus on the roles these noncoding RNAs play during the development of both invertebrate and vertebrate species.

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