scholarly journals Histological Effects of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles Size 10 Nm in Mice Testes

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Imad Taher Abdulla
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Testicular Tissue ◽  
Germinal Epithelium ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Histological Effect

In the present study, the histological effect of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TDN) on testicular tissue of mature Mus musculus mice was investigated. The animals were divided into six groups, control group treated with TDN free saline and five groups treated with TDN as follow 5, 10, 50, 100 and 150 mg/kg B.W. The results showed that TDN has histological effects on testicular tissue like sever congestion, mild edema between seminiferous tubules (STs) and decrease the thickness of germinal epithelium at low concentrations, While, the histological changes at high concentrations involved disturbance in STs diameters, sever edema between STs, sever vaculation in the germinal epithelium and necrosis in spermatogonia, germinal epithelium and Sertoli cells.

scholarly journals The Effects of Vasectomy on Testicular Tissue of Mice: Histological Changes and DNA Fragmentation Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Salman MO ◽  
Al-Wasiti EA ◽  
Thamir KA ◽  
Al-Ani IM ◽  
Al-Salihi AR
Keyword(s):  
Single Cell ◽  
Dna Fragmentation ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Testicular Tissue ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sham Operation ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Single Cell Gel Electrophoresis

Introduction: We aim to investigate the effect of vasectomy on the histology of the testis as well as to evaluate DNA fragmentation in testicular tissue of male mice. Methods: Bilateral vasectomy was performed on 20 mature male mice; 10 control mice underwent sham-operation. After 6 weeks, the testes were evaluated for histological changes and DNA fragmentation by single cell gel electrophoresis (comet assay). Results: Marked alterations were observed in the testes of vasectomized mice, including degeneration of spermatids, thickened basement membrane, dilatation of the seminiferous tubules, exfoliation of germ cells, reduction in the seminiferous cell population, vacuolated appearance of the epithelium in the tubules and marked interstitial fibrosis. Single cell gel electrophoresis showed a highly significant (P<0.0001) increase in DNA damage among vasectomized mice (46.02%) compared with control group (%27.17) after six weeks of operation. Conclusion: Vasectomy induced deterioration in the seminiferous tubules associated with increased testicular cell’s DNA fragmentation.

scholarly journals NEUROTOXIC EFFECT OF TITANIUM DIOXIDE NANOPARTICLES: BIOCHEMICAL AND PATHOLOGICAL APPROACH IN MALE WISTAR RATS

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 74
Author(s):  
D. Vasantharaja ◽  
V. Ramalingam
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl Transpeptidase ◽  
Histological Changes ◽  
Tio2 Nps ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Glutamyl Transpeptidase

Objective: Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) are widely used in pharmaceutical, cosmeceutical, biomedical and industrial applications. The adverse effects of TiO2 NPs are also increasing alarmingly. The purpose of this study is to investigate the toxicity of TiO2 NPs on biochemical and histological changes in different regions of brain in adult male Wistar rats.Methods: Two different doses of TiO2 NPs (50 mg/kg b. w and 100 mg/kg b. w) administered orally for 14 d along with one control group, each group consisting of six animals. Standard biochemical methods were adopted for the estimation of enzymes alkaline phosphatase, 5’ nucleotidase, ATPases and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase. Trace elements calcium, sodium, potassium and magnesium as well as metals like iron, zinc and copper were also estimated.Results: When compared with the control group, the enzymes ATPases, ALP, 5’-NT and GGT activities were significantly decreased in both the TiO2 NPs treated groups. Ca, Na, Fe, Cu and TiO2 contents were significantly increased in both the experimental groups, while the K, Mg and Zn contents decreased. However, the changes in the parameters studied were more in 100 mg treated group (p<0.001) when compared to the 50 mg treated group (p<0.05and p<0.01). Moreover, it is also evident that different regions responded differently due to TiO2 NPs exposure. The changes were maximum in the cerebral hemisphere (p<0.001) followed by medulla oblongata (p<0.001) and cerebrum (p<0.05).Conclusion: The results clearly imply that TiO2 NPs could impair the electrochemical gradient, ionic homeostasis and membrane stability in different regions of the rat brain.

Consequences of Microwave oven Exposed Diet on The Basal Lamina of Seminiferous Tubules of Mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 2141-2144
Author(s):  
Kishwar Naheed ◽  
Muhammad Saad Abdullah ◽  
Maria Yousaf ◽  
Humaira Ali ◽  
Fareeha Mushtaq ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Basal Lamina ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Testicular Tissue ◽  
Microwave Oven ◽  
Mentha Piperita ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Trial Methodology ◽  
Experimental Group

Usage of electronic gadgets like microwave oven is increasing day by day that heats the food by exposing it to electromagnetic radiations which has many hazardous effects on human health including fertility. Aim: To find the effects of microwave oven exposed diet on basal lamina of seminiferous tubules of mice alongwith protective effects of Mentha piperita and melatonin on the same tissue. Study Design: Randomized control trial. Methodology: Adult male mice (n=32) were divided into four groups. Control group (G1) received standard pellets prepared for mice. Second group (G2) was given mice pellets exposed to microwave oven. Third group (G3) received Mentha Piperita leaf extract along with mice pellets exposed to microwave oven and the fourth group (G4) received oral melatonin along with pellets exposed to microwave oven. Later their testicular tissue was removed for histological examination while basal lamina disruption was assessed by scoring. Data analyzed by SPSS 22.0v. Results: In group G2, there was slight disruption in the basal lamina in 75% of the cases while in experimental group G3, there was slight disruption of basal lamina only in 12.5% of the cases. However, in group G4, only 25% specimen had slight disruption of basal lamina Conclusion: It was concluded that microwave oven exposed diet produced severe disruption of basal lamina in group G2 that decreased in Mentha piperita and melatonin treated groups. However, Mentha piperita treated group produced better results than melatonin treated group. Keywords: Mice, Testis, Basal Lamina, Mentha piperita and Melatonin

Protective effect of beta-carotene against titanium dioxide nanoparticles induced apoptosis in mouse testicular tissue

Andrologia ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 47 (7) ◽  
pp. 816-825 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Orazizadeh ◽  
E. Daneshi ◽  
M. Hashemitmar ◽  
F. Absalan ◽  
L. Khorsandi
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Beta Carotene ◽  
Testicular Tissue ◽  
Induced Apoptosis

NH4Cl affects the expression of Wnt/β-catenin pathway in hepatocytes

2018 ◽  
Vol 96 (3) ◽  
pp. 281-286
Author(s):  
Lu Bai ◽  
Jingjing Li ◽  
Xiaorui Liu ◽  
Shasha Li ◽  
Fulei Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Expression ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cyclin D ◽  
Chang Liver Cell ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Mrna And Protein Expression ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Chang Liver

We intended to explore whether NH4Cl influences the viability and regulates the expression of Wnt/β-catenin pathway in hepatocytes. The Chang liver cell line was used and cultured with different concentrations of NH4Cl (2.5, 5, 10, 20, 40, and 50 mmol/L) for 12, 24, and 48 h. The viability of hepatocytes was detected by MTT assay. The mRNA and protein expression level was analyzed with qRT–PCR and Western blotting, respectively. NH4Cl concentration significantly affects the viability of hepatocytes. With the increase of NH4Cl concentration, the viability of hepatocytes was decreased, accordingly. The mRNA and protein expression of Wnt1, β-catenin, and cyclin D was significantly increased after treatment with low concentrations of NH4Cl as compared with the control group, whereas their expression levels were decreased after treatment with high concentrations of NH4Cl. The mRNA and protein expression of Wnt1, β-catenin, and cyclin D was also significantly increased after treatment with NH4Cl for a short period as compared with the control group, whereas their expression levels were decreased after treatment with NH4Cl for a long period. In addition, we found NH4Cl treatment significantly reversed the results after RNA silencing of Wnt1 in hepatocytes. NH4Cl influences the viability of hepatocytes and affects the expression of Wnt/β-catenin pathway in hepatocytes.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Transverse Strength of the Heat Cure PMMA Resin Reinforced with Various Concentrations of Two Different Nanoparticles: An In vitro Study

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Kusha Thakur ◽  
Archana Nagpal ◽  
Rajeev Gupta ◽  
Ramit Verma ◽  
Rohit Saini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Bending Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Transverse Strength ◽  
Heat Cure ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Pmma Resin

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effect of titanium dioxide and zirconia nanoparticles on transverse strength of heat cure PMMA resin routinely used for complete denture fabrication. Methods: One hundred samples of PMMA resin were made and divided into five groups (20 samples for each group). The test specimens were divided into five groups depending on the concentration of reinforcing nanoparticles as Group 1,2,3,4 and 5; Group 1: PMMA unreinforced (control group), Group 2: PMMA reinforced with 2.5% nanozirconia, Group 3: PMMA reinforced with 5% nanozirconia, Group 4: PMMA reinforced with 2.5% titanium dioxide nanoparticles, and Group 5: PMMA reinforced with 5% titanium dioxide nanoparticles. Universal testing machine was used to conduct a three-point bending test and evaluate the transverse strength of samples. Comparison of mean transverse strength for various groups was carried out by employing one‑way analysis of variance and Bonferroni post hoc tests. Results: The highest and lowest mean transverse strength were observed in Group 3 and 1, respectively. Bonferroni post hoc test showed increase in transverse strength after reinforcement to be statistically significant between all the groups (P = .05) except between the samples of group G1 and G5 and G2 and G3. Conclusion: Addition of nanoparticles in all concentrations significantly increased transverse strength of heat cure PMMA resin as compared to control group. The best result was obtained after adding 5% of nanozirconia particles to the conventional heat polymerized acrylic resin.

scholarly journals Effects of Microplastics on the Feeding Rates of Larvae of a Coastal Fish: Direct Consumption, Trophic Transfer, and Effects on Growth and Survival

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Uy ◽  
Darren Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Larval Fish ◽  
Trophic Transfer ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Feeding Rates ◽  
Lower Growth ◽  
Larval Phase ◽  
Coastal Fish ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
High Concentrations

Abstract Microplastics are now found throughout the world’s oceans, and although many organisms ingest microplastics, less is known about how plastics in seawater may affect key processes such as feeding rate, growth, and survival. We used a series of laboratory experiments to test whether microplastics in seawater affected the feeding rates of larvae of the California Grunion, Leuresthes tenuis. In addition, we tested whether trophic transfer of microplastics from zooplankton to larval fish can occur and affect growth and survival of fish. We measured feeding rates of grunion larvae at various concentrations of 75–90 µm and 125–250 µm polyethylene microplastics and under both still water and turbulent conditions. In these experiments, exposure to microplastics had modest effects on feeding rates, though responses may be somewhat complex. Low concentrations of microplastics increased feeding rates compared to the control, but at higher concentrations, feeding rates were indistinguishable from those in the control group though effects were small compared to natural variation in feeding rates among individual fish. Experiments to test for trophic transfer of microplastics revealed that grunion larvae that were fed brine shrimp exposed to high concentrations of microplastics had lower growth rates and elevated mortality rates. Overall, our results suggest that the direct effects of microplastics on feeding rates of California Grunion during the early larval phase are minor, while the trophic transfer of microplastics from zooplankton to larval fish may have significant effects on their growth and survival.

scholarly journals Testicular Morphological Changes Produced by Fluoroquinolones in Adult Male Albino Rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rubina Iqbal ◽  
Saud Iqbal ◽  
Iram Atta
Keyword(s):  
Adult Male ◽  
Leydig Cells ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Testicular Tissue ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats

AbstractObjectives:  The objective of this research work was to observe the testicular morphological changes produced by fluoroquinolones in the reproductive organs of adult male albino rats, and to see whether these changes are reversible after discontinuation of the drugs.Materials and Method:  Eighty adult male albino rats weighing 200 – 300 gms were randomly selected and divided into four groups i.e. A, B, C & D, having 20 animals in each group. A, B & C, were the experimental groups & D served as control group. All the groups were further divided into sub groups 1 & 2. Three fluoroquinolones i.e. Ciprofloxacin (135 mg / kg / day), Ofloxacin (75 mg / kg / day) & Enoxacin (12.5 mg / kg/ day) were given to the groups A, B & C respectively for 42 days. Animals of group D received dis-tilled water only. Animals of sub groups A1, B1, C1 &D1 were sacrificed on 42nd day and testicular tissue was obtained for morphological study. Animals of subgroups A2, B2, C2 & D2 were sacrificed on 84th day and testicular tissue for morphological changes was taken. No of leydig cells, height of epithelium and diameter of seminiferous tubules were taken as experimental parameters for morphological changes.Results:  The study indicated statistically significant (P < 0.05) decrease in height of epithelium, diameter of seminiferous tubules and no. of leydig cells in experimental groups as compared to the control groups.Conclusion:  The changes observed in morphology could lead to decrease in sperm count and testosterone levels. This study suggests gonadotoxic potentials of fluoroquinolones and adds concern to the indiscriminate and widespread use of fluoroquinolones and recommends more rational use of these drugs.

scholarly journals Low semen quality and adverse histological changes in testes of adult male mice treated with bee venom (Apis mellifera)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-79
Author(s):  
Sassia O. Regeai ◽  
Salma A. Abusrer ◽  
Naema S. Shibani
Keyword(s):  
Male Infertility ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Semen Quality ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Bee Venom ◽  
Reproductive Status ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Histological Changes

Background: Male infertility has been on the rise since the past seven decades. Recently, in Libya, bee venom therapy (BVT) has become a popular method among alternative healthcare practitioners for treating male infertility. However, a literature search did not find any published studies that investigated the use of BVT for infertility treatment. Aim: To investigate the effect of bee venom on the male reproductive status through measurements of semen quality parameters and testicular histological changes in adult male mice. Methods: A total of 48 male mice were randomly divided into three experimental groups (which were subdivided into two subgroups with eight mice each) as follows: control, bee venom sting (BVS), and bee venom injection (BVI). The normal control subgroup mice were not subjected to any treatment, while the vehicle control subgroup mice were injected (i.p.) with 200 μl of 0.9% saline solution. In the BVS-treated subgroups, each mouse was stung by one live bee for five times (BVS-5) or seven times (BVS-7) every third day for 2 or 3 weeks. While each mouse in the BVI-treated subgroups received 23 μg/kg in a dose volume of 200 μl BVIs (i.p.) for five times (BVI-5) or seven times (BVI-7) every third day for 15 or 21 days. Results: The findings of this study showed that repeated bee venom treatment by sting or injection to adult male mice resulted in a significant decline in testosterone levels, sperm count, sperm motility, and a very significant increase in the percentage of abnormal sperm morphology; also, there were harmful testicular histological changes in the structural organization of seminiferous tubules and degenerative changes in the germinal epithelium compared to control group. Conclusion: The results of this study provide evidence for the low semen quality and adverse testicular histological changes in male mice treated with bee venom. Hence, there is a desperate need for educating alternative healthcare practitioners and infertile couples about the harmful effects of BVT on reproductive status.

scholarly journals Plant Contribution to the Remediation of PAH-Contaminated Soil of Dagang Oilfield by Fire Phoenix

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaomei Wang ◽  
Jianping Sun ◽  
Rui Liu ◽  
Tingyu Zheng ◽  
Yingnan Tang
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Growth Time ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Total Removal ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Main Factor

Abstract Pot experiments were conducted to evaluate plant contribution during remediation of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH)-contaminated soil of Dagang Oilfield by Fire Phoenix. The results showed that Fire Phoenix could grow in soil contaminated by high and low concentrations of PAHs. After being planted for 150 days, the total removal rate of six PAHs in the high and low PAH concentrations was 80.36% and 79.79%, significantly higher than the 58.79% and 53.29% of the unplanted control group, respectively. Thus, Fire Phoenix can effectively repair the soil contaminated by different concentrations of PAHs. In high concentrations of PAHs, the results indicated a positive linear relationship between PAH absorption in tissues of Fire Phoenix and the growth time in the early stage. In contrast, the contents of PAHs were just slightly increased in the late period of plant growth. The main factor for the dissipation of PAHs was plant-promoted biodegradation (99.04–99.93%), suggesting a low contribution of PAH uptake and transformation (0.07–0.96%). The results revealed that Fire Phoenix did not remove the PAHs in the soil by accumulation but promoted PAH dissipation in the soil by stimulating the microbial metabolism in the rhizosphere.

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