scholarly journals Validation and extended application of cellulose microfibril swelling enzyme assay method to alkali induced swelling of cellulose

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Md. Azizul Haque
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Assay ◽  
Cellulose Microfibril ◽  
Assay Method ◽  
Extended Application

Measurement of Bone-Specific Alkaline Phosphatase by an Immunoselective Enzyme Assay Method

1996 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keishi Hata ◽  
Hisako Tokuhiro ◽  
Kiyoshi Nakatsuka ◽  
Takami Miki ◽  
Yoshiki Nishizawà ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Enzyme Assay ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Clinical Investigation ◽  
Assay Method ◽  
Osteosarcoma Cell ◽  
Electrophoretic Method ◽  
Specific Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Bone Specific Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Age Related

We evaluated a new immunoselective enzyme assay of bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (ALP). The monoclonal antibody used in this assay was raised against purified bone-specific ALP obtained from SAOS-2 human osteosarcoma cell line. Calibration was based on the enzyme's own activity. The relative activity of the antibody was 100% with bone ALP, 8·7% with liver ALP, and 0% with placental and intestinal ALPs. Intra- and inter-assay coefficients of variation were less than 4%. The sensitivity of the assay was 0·7 U/L, and the linearity extended from 2 to 140 U/L. The recovery of bone-specific ALP standard added to serum was 94–106%. The correlation coefficient between this method and the polyacrylamide gel (PAG) electrophoretic method was 0·94. The mean value of bone-specific ALP in 89 healthy adults (mean age 29 years, SD 5 years) was 18·5 U/L (SD 4·1 U/L). Interestingly, mean bone-specific ALP activities in 60 premenopausal women (mean age 39 years, SD 8 years) and 70 postmenopausal women (mean age 57 years, SD 5 years) were 20·3 U/L (SD 6·5 U/L) and 31·1 U/L (SD 11·1 U/L), respectively. The age-related increase in bone-specific ALP was significant and more pronounced in women ( P < 0·01). We conclude that this new immunoassay of bone-specific ALP would be useful for clinical investigation of patients with osteoporosis or other metabolic diseases of bone.

scholarly journals Identification and quantification of Cyanotoxins in Lake and household water around Lake Victoria, Kenya

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lilian Otoigo
Keyword(s):  
Significant Variation ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Enzyme Assay ◽  
Lake Victoria ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Assay Method ◽  
Household Water ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Riparian Communities

Cyanobacteria are single-celled algae that thrive in warm and nutrient rich water bodies. They can produce different kinds of toxins called cyanotoxins that can affect the liver. Cyanobacteria have been reported in Lake Victoria, which is an important source of drinking water for the riparian communities. This is as a result of eutrophication in Lake Victoria increasing the levels of cyanobacteria in the Nyanza Gulf. The purpose of this study was to identify and quantify microcystins in household and Lake Victoria water in Nyanza Gulf. In a longitudinal study adopting experimental design, six beaches were studied and 127 samples collected monthly from both households and beaches over six months. Cyanobacterial levels were determined using an enzyme assay method (PP2A) and microcystin strains identified using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Two-way ANOVA was done to determine statistical significance of microcystins. The results showed that all beaches were eutrophic resulting in flourishing of cyanobacteria. 84% of water samples contained microcystins. Concentration of microcystins was 3.44g/L. Microcystin RR (MC-RR) is the most abundant cyanotoxins followed by Microcystin YR (MC-YR) and Microcystin LR (MC-LR) is the least abundant in the Nyanza Gulf. There was significant variation between different beaches and different months (ANOVA: F=12.09, p<0.0005). This information provides an insight into the quality of Lake Victoria water for drinking based on quantities of microcystins in the sampled water. The study recommends regular monitoring of cyanobacterial cells in the lake water.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Dexamethasone-Induced Osteoporosis In Vivo Using Zebrafish Scales

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 536
Author(s):  
Siripat Chaichit ◽  
Takuto Sato ◽  
Huiqing Yu ◽  
Yu-ki Tanaka ◽  
Yasumitsu Ogra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Assay ◽  
Cathepsin K ◽  
Bone Diseases ◽  
Assay Method ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tartrate Resistant Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
K Activity

Glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIOP) is a major cause of secondary osteoporosis, and the pathogenic mechanisms of GIOP remain to be elucidated. Here, we show a rapid dexamethasone-induced osteoporosis animal model using zebrafish scales. Intraperitoneal injection of dexamethasone over a 5-day period suppressed the regeneration of scales. Furthermore, the circularity of the newly formed regenerated scales was also slightly reduced compared to that of the control group on day 5. The changes in bone-related enzymes, such as cathepsin K, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) for bone resorption, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) for bone formation, provide insight into the progression of bone diseases; therefore, we further developed a method to measure the activities of cathepsin K, TRAP, and ALP using zebrafish scales. We found that a lysis buffer with detergent at neutral pH under sonication efficiently helped extract these three enzymes with high activity levels. Interestingly, treatment with a dexamethasone injection produced considerably higher levels of cathepsin K activity and a lower Ca/P ratio than those in the control group, suggesting that dexamethasone increased osteoclast activity, with no significant changes in the activities of TRAP and ALP. Our GIOP model and enzyme assay method could help to design better treatments for GIOP.

Forensic Identifications Aided by Scanning Electron Microscopy of Silicone-Epoxy Microreplicas of Calcified and Cornified Structures

1975 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 678-679 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.F. Sognnaes
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Forensic Science ◽  
George Washington ◽  
Epithelial Surface ◽  
Extended Application ◽  
Tissue Surfaces ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Surface Changes

Sufficient experience has been gained during the past five years to suggest an extended application of microreplication and scanning electron microscopy to problems of forensic science. The author's research was originally initiated with a view to develop a non-destructive method for identification of materials that went into objects of art, notably ivory and ivories. This was followed by a very specific application to the identification and duplication of the kinds of materials from animal teeth and tusks which two centuries ago went into the fabrication of the ivory dentures of George Washington. Subsequently it became apparent that a similar method of microreplication and SEM examination offered promise for a whole series of problems pertinent to art, technology and science. Furthermore, what began primarily as an application to solid substances has turned out to be similarly applicable to soft tissue surfaces such as mucous membranes and skin, even in cases of acute, chronic and precancerous epithelial surface changes, and to post-mortem identification of specific structures pertinent to forensic science.

Enzyme assay to study the influence of citalopram on the concentration of psychotropic comedication

2011 ◽  
Vol 44 (06) ◽  
Author(s):  
R Brandl ◽  
R Köber ◽  
T Jahner ◽  
A Dörfelt ◽  
E Haen
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Assay
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