Noise reduction abatement and mitigation - A history of noise control programs and review of the regulatory process

1986 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. HARTMAN
Keyword(s):  
Noise Reduction ◽  
Noise Control ◽  
Regulatory Process ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
History Of

scholarly journals NON CUSTODIAL TREATMENT OF OFFENDERS: THE MALAYSIAN APPROACH∗

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Akram
Keyword(s):  
Crime Rate ◽  
Crime Control ◽  
Community Services ◽  
Social Phenomenon ◽  
Constructive Approach ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
History Of ◽  
Conditional Discharge

Crime as a social phenomenon has existed throughout the history of mankind, however it is increasingly realized that to reduce the crime rate and deleterious effects of crime on society, a constructive and meaningful policy is required. There is a growing awareness that one such constructive approach is the change from custodial measures of punishment to non-custodial measures. This policy is in line with crime control programs. In all societies efforts are being made to control crime as well as to relieve offenders, their families and societies as a whole from the ill-effects of crime by adopting community-oriented programs of punishment. This article examines closely the aims, the effectiveness and the use of various noncustodial measures. The measures to be discussed in this paper include absolute and conditional discharge, binding over, probation, fine, community services and attendance centers.

scholarly journals Thermoregulatory response of Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) to infection by Beauveria bassiana, and its effect on survivorship and reproductive success

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaochen Liu ◽  
Stuart R. Reitz ◽  
Zhongren Lei ◽  
Haihong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Frankliniella Occidentalis ◽  
Behavioral Thermoregulation ◽  
Thermoregulatory Response ◽  
Defensive Strategy ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
Severe Reduction ◽  
Seeking Behavior ◽  
History Of

Abstract Behavioral thermoregulation is a defensive strategy employed by some insects to counter infections by parasites and pathogens. Most reported examples of this type of thermoregulatory response involve behavioral fevering. However depending upon the life history of a host-insect and that of the parasite or pathogen, the host may respond by cold-seeking behavior. Thermoregulation is not only ecologically important; it may affect the success of parasites and pathogens as biological control agents. We examined if Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) thermoregulates in response to infection by Beauveria bassiana, a fungal pathogen commonly used for biological control. Fungal-infected thrips preferentially moved to cooler areas (~12 °C) while healthy thrips sought out warmer temperatures (~24 °C). This cold-seeking behavior suppressed the growth of B. bassiana in infected thrips, and significantly improved survivorship of infected thrips. At 24 °C, males only survived up to 10 d after infection and females up to 20 d after infection, which was substantially poorer survivorship than that of corresponding healthy individuals. However, individuals of both sexes survived up to 48 d after infection at 12 °C, which was a much less severe reduction in survivorship compared with the effect of B. bassiana infection at 24 °C. The proportion of females among progeny from infected thrips at 12 °C was higher than at 24 °C. Therefore, cold-seeking behavior is beneficial to F. occidentalis when infected by B. bassiana, and its effects should be considered in the use of B. bassiana in biological control programs.

Coherence-based performance analysis on noise reduction in multichannel active noise control systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 148 (3) ◽  
pp. 1519-1528
Author(s):  
Jihui Aimee Zhang ◽  
Naoki Murata ◽  
Yu Maeno ◽  
Prasanga N. Samarasinghe ◽  
Thushara D. Abhayapala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Performance Analysis ◽  
Noise Reduction ◽  
Control Systems ◽  
Noise Control ◽  
Active Noise Control ◽  
Active Noise
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