Determination of rarefied-flow aerodynamics of the Shuttle orbiter from flight measurements on STS-6 and STS-7

1985 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. BLANCHARD ◽  
G. BUCK
Keyword(s):  
Rarefied Flow ◽  
Flight Measurements

Simultaneous determination of thickness and refractive index based on time-of-flight measurements of terahertz pulse

2012 ◽  
Vol 51 (21) ◽  
pp. 5326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Babar Hussain ◽  
Mushtaq Ahmed ◽  
M. Nawaz ◽  
M. Saleem ◽  
M. Razzaq ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Simultaneous Determination ◽  
Time Of Flight ◽  
Terahertz Pulse ◽  
Flight Measurements

scholarly journals Prompt gamma spectroscopy for range control with CeBr3

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo Magalhaes Martins ◽  
Riccardo Dal Bello ◽  
Andreas Rinscheid ◽  
Katja Roemer ◽  
Theresa Werner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bragg Peak ◽  
Gamma Spectroscopy ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Prompt Gamma ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
Particle Beams ◽  
Therapy Center ◽  
Flight Measurements

AbstractThe ultimate goal of radiotherapy using external beams is to maximize the dose delivered to the tumor while minimizing the radiation given to surrounding healthy critical organs. Prompt Gamma Spectroscopy (PGS) has been proposed for range control of particle beams along with the determination of the elemental composition of irradiated tissues. We aim at developing a PGS system for the German Cancer Research Center – DKFZ that takes advantage of the superior selectivity of Helium and Carbon beams accelerated at the Heidelberg Ion-Beam Therapy Center. Preliminary tests with protons accelerated with an IBA C230 cyclotron located at the Universitäts Protonen Therapie Dresden were performed at OncoRay – National Center for Radiation Re-search in Oncology. We present results obtained with a PGS system composed of CeBr3 detectors (Ø 2’’ × 2’’) and (Ø 1.5’’ × 3’’) coupled to a Hamamatsu R13089 photomulti-plier tube and plugged to a Target U100 Spectrometer. Such system provides accurate time-of-flight measurements to increase the signal-to-noise ratio relative to neutron-induced background. First measurements resulted from the irradiation of PMMA and water phantoms, and graphite and aluminum bricks. Several PG energy lines ranging from 0.511 MeV up to 8 MeV were identified and compared with reference re-sults. Two further experiments consisted in irradiating PMMA phantoms in a slit- and semi-collimated configuration with mono-energetic proton beams of 165 MeV and 224 MeV, respectively. Results acquired by means of trans-versal PGS at different phantom depths, ranging from 6 cm before the Bragg peak (BP) to 3.5 cm beyond the BP in 5 mm steps with a 1 cm slit collimation (tungsten) showed a slight decrease of PG yields after the BP. Similar measurements with a semi-opened collimation configuration demonstrated a steeper decrease of PG yields after the BP.

Rarefied-flow aerodynamics and thermosphere structure from Shuttle flight measurements

1986 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert C. Blanchard ◽  
Gregory M. Buck
Keyword(s):  
Rarefied Flow ◽  
Flight Measurements

Particle physics I

Quantum 20/20 ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 323-350
Author(s):  
Ian R. Kenyon
Keyword(s):  
Particle Physics ◽  
W Boson ◽  
Yukawa Potential ◽  
Neutrino Flux ◽  
Neutral Mesons ◽  
Boson Exchange ◽  
Charge Parity ◽  
The Universe ◽  
Flight Measurements

Particle families (quarks and leptons), their properties and their interactions are introduced. The exchange mechanism and the Yukawa potential are discussed. Natural units are explained. The cross-section for e − + e + → μ‎− + μ‎+ is calculated using a first order Feynman diagram. Comparison with data reveals the existence of the Z0-boson and makes a link between electroweak processes. Higher orders diagrams give divergences and their removal by renormalization is described. Neutrino properties are outlined and the determination of the number of light neutrinos related. The weak interaction is discussed: parity and charge parity are seen to be maximally violated in W-boson exchange, but the product is approximately conserved. Handedness is pursued in an appendix using Dirac spinors. The neutrino mass and weak eigenstates differ and this leads to oscillations between weak eigenstates in flight. Measurements of the neutrino flux from the sun revealing this behaviour are described. Weak and strong eigenstates of quarks also differ by a unitary transformation, the CKM matrix. This difference leads to oscillations of certain neutral mesons from particle to antiparticle. This behaviour is explored for neutral K-mesons and for B0 d mesons. CP violation is observed, which is required for the survival of matter in the universe.

Rarefied-Flow Transition Regime Orbiter Aerodynamic Acceleration Flight Measurements

1997 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert C. Blanchard ◽  
Richard G. Wilmoth ◽  
Gerald J. LeBeau
Keyword(s):  
Transition Regime ◽  
Flow Transition ◽  
Rarefied Flow ◽  
Flight Measurements

Aerodynamic Flight Measurements and Rarefied-Flow Simulations of Mars Entry Vehicles

1997 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 687-690 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert C. Blanchard ◽  
Richard G. Wilmoth ◽  
James N. Moss
Keyword(s):  
Rarefied Flow ◽  
Flow Simulations ◽  
Flight Measurements

Determination of the velocity distribution function of molecules and its moments from time-of-flight measurements

1977 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 625-632
Author(s):  
Yu. E. Voskoboinikov ◽  
A. E. Zarvin ◽  
A. A. Poltavets ◽  
Ya. Ya. Tomsons ◽  
R. G. Sharafutdinov
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Function ◽  
Velocity Distribution ◽  
Time Of Flight ◽  
Velocity Distribution Function ◽  
Flight Measurements
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