scholarly journals Precise estimates at municipality level of airborne pollutant emissions due to road traffic

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Carletti ◽  
G. Di Nicola ◽  
G. Passerini
Keyword(s):  
Road Traffic ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Airborne Pollutant

Biomonitoring of the population exposed to airborne pollutant emissions from the industrial harbor of Fos-sur-Mer

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 395-401
Author(s):  
Maxime Jeanjean ◽  
Sylvaine Goix ◽  
Marine Periot ◽  
Khaled Douib ◽  
Julien Dron ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Airborne Pollutant

scholarly journals Traffic noise feedback in agent-based Integrated Land-Use/Transport Models

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nico Kuehnel ◽  
Dominik Ziemke ◽  
Rolf Moeckel
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Noise Exposure ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Air Pollutant ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Common Source ◽  
Environmental Implications ◽  
Transport Models ◽  
Agent Based

Road traffic is a common source of negative environmental externalities such as noise and air pollution. While existing transport models are capable of accurately representing environmental stressors of road traffic, this is less true for integrated land-use/transport models. So-called land-use-transport-environment models aim to integrate environmental impacts. However, the environmental implications are often analyzed as an output of the model only, even though research suggests that the environment itself can have an impact on land use. The few existing models that actually introduce a feedback between land-use and environment fall back on aggregated zonal values. This paper presents a proof of concept for an integrated, microscopic and agent-based approach for a feedback loop between transport-related noise emissions and land-use. The results show that the microscopic link between the submodels is operational and fine-grained analysis by different types of agents is possible. It is shown that high-income households react differently to noise exposure when compared low-income households. The presented approach opens new possibilities for analyzing and understanding noise abatement policies as well as issues of environmental equity. The methodology can be transferred to include air pollutant emissions in the future.

scholarly journals Potentially Replaceable Car Trips: Assessment of Potential Modal Change towards Active Transport Modes in Vitoria-Gasteiz

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 3510 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier Delso ◽  
Belén Martín ◽  
Emilio Ortega
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Air Pollutant ◽  
Perceived Barriers ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Personal Safety ◽  
Distance Threshold ◽  
Distance Calculation ◽  
Modal Change ◽  
Threshold Approach

Road traffic is the most important contributor to noise and air pollutant emissions in cities. Its substitution by non-motorized modes therefore has great potential to improve the urban environment while increasing levels of physical activity among the population. This paper identifies car trips that could potentially be transferred to active modes such as walking and cycling, and analyses the barriers perceived by people who travel by car. We detect potentially replaceable car trips based on a mobility survey, distance calculation, and a distance threshold approach. The answers to a set of questions in the mobility survey allow us to identify the perceived barriers for use of the bicycle, applied to Vitoria-Gasteiz (Spain). The results show that between 30% and 40% of car trips could be replaced by active modes. Personal safety and distance results are the most limiting barriers perceived by car users, while physical condition and technique are the most limiting ones for bicycle users. These results provide valuable information for implementing measures to promote the replacement of motorized trips with walking and cycling.

scholarly journals Influence of transport activity on environmental factors in Petroşani Basin

2020 ◽  
Vol 305 ◽  
pp. 00041
Author(s):  
Sorin Mihăilescu ◽  
Gabriel Praporgescu
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Noise Pollution ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Transport Activity ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Public Transport System ◽  
Development Plans

Economic development is closely linked to the mobility needs of communities. The main pillars supporting sustainable development are society, the environment and the economy, and the diagnosis of the current situation, the identification of solutions, the development plans and their implementation lead to sustainable development in terms of transport activity. As the Petroşani Basin has a high degree of urbanization, the negative effects of increased road traffic are particularly pronounced in the central areas of the cities. Of the environmental factors, air is the most obvious and most important factor in human health. Taking into account the national and European Community targets in terms of climate change mitigation, the reduction of air and noise pollution and greenhouse gas emissions is becoming a priority objective. Thus, by limiting the growth of road traffic and the adoption of strategic measures in the Petroşani Basin, a reduction in carbon dioxide emissions, nitrogen oxides and particulate matter levels will also be achieved. According to these trends, achieving a clean public transport system and sustainable (like electrical buses) and having infrastructure for the use of electric bicycles and trotters can do for sure reducing the pollutant emissions.

Versatile Model for Simulation of Rural Road Traffic

2005 ◽  
Vol 1934 (1) ◽  
pp. 168-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Tapani
Keyword(s):  
Road Traffic ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Driver Assistance Systems ◽  
Rural Roads ◽  
Detailed Model ◽  
Rural Highways ◽  
Urban Street ◽  
The Road ◽  
Rural Road ◽  
Microsimulation Models

In many countries the road mileage is dominated by rural highways. For that reason it is important to have access to efficient tools for evaluation of the performance of such roads. For other road types, e.g., freeways and urban street networks, a wealth of microsimulation models is available. However, only a few models dedicated to rural roads have been developed. None of these models handles traffic flows interrupted by intersections or roundabouts, nor are the models capable of describing the traffic flow on rural roads with a cable barrier between oncoming lanes. These are major drawbacks when Swedish roads, on which cable barriers and roundabouts are becoming increasingly important, are modeled. Moreover, as new areas of application for rural road simulation arise, a flexible and detailed model is needed. Such applications include, among other things, simulation of driver assistance systems and estimation of pollutant emissions. This paper introduces a versatile traffic microsimulation model for the rural roads of today and of the future. The model system presented, the Rural Traffic Simulator (RuTSim), is capable of handling all common types of rural roads, including the effects of roundabouts and intersections on the traffic on the main road. The purpose of the paper is to describe the simulation approach and the traffic modeling used in RuTSim. A verification of the RuTSim model is also included. RuTSim is found to produce outputs representative of all common types of rural roads in Sweden.

scholarly journals Estimation of emissions of air pollutants in the Krapina-Zagorje county

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-20
Author(s):  
Božica Šorgić ◽  
Vladimir Kušan ◽  
Igor Tošić ◽  
Bojana Borić ◽  
Hrvoje Pandža
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Inventories ◽  
Mitigation And Adaptation ◽  
Road Traffic Emissions ◽  
Ipcc Guidelines ◽  
Sulphur Oxides ◽  
National Greenhouse Gas Inventories

The Program for the protection of air quality, ozone layer, climate change mitigation and adaptation of the Krapina-Zagorje County is prepared in accordance with the Article 12 of the Air Protection Act (OG 130/11, 47/14, 61/17, 118/18). The Program sets targets and measures by priority sectors, deadlines and responsible authorities for measures implementation over a five-year period in the County. For the purpose of defining protection measures, based on available data, estimation of annual emissions of pollutants into air was performed: nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, sulphur oxides, particles, volatile organic compounds, ammonia, carbon dioxide, methane and dinitrogen monoxide from the main sectors. Emissions were estimated using the EMEP/EEA methodology and 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories methodology. Road traffic emissions were estimated using DEFRA/DECC methodology. Based on the results on estimated pollutant emissions in the County, appropriate measures have been defined for the protection and improvement of air quality.

NEMO project: developing a N-RSD (Noise Remote Sensing Device) to identify high noise emitters in the road traffic flow

2021 ◽  
Vol 263 (5) ◽  
pp. 1773-1783
Author(s):  
Maximilian Ertsey-Bayer ◽  
Nikolas Kirchhoff ◽  
Sonia Alves ◽  
Bert Peeters ◽  
Viggo Henriksen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Traffic Flow ◽  
Engine Speed ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Spectral Characteristics ◽  
Air Pollutant ◽  
Classification Model ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Noise Levels ◽  
Driving Conditions

NEMO (Noise and Emissions MOnitoring and Radical mitigation) is a research project aiming at developing an autonomous system to detect noise and air pollutant emissions from individual vehicles within the traffic flow. The objective is to identify high emitters within the normal traffic. For noise, a high emitter is a vehicle that is either in a poor or modified condition (e.g., with an illegal or malfunctioning exhaust) or that is driven in a noisy way (fast acceleration, high engine speed in low gear, etc.). A vehicle that has been type approved, is well maintained, and is driven under normal conditions is never a high-emitter vehicle, even if it is subjectively perceived as annoying. A Noise Remote Sensing Device (N-RSD) is being developed. This device will capture, for each individual vehicle, the driving conditions (vehicle speed, acceleration, engine speed and load) and the single-event noise levels and spectral characteristics. The noise levels will be normalized to comparable driving conditions and fed into a classification model. The classification model will then be able to identify the high emitters vehicles. When finished, the NEMO system will allow cities and road authorities to reduce annoyance and health impacts from noisy and polluting vehicles, for instance by raising awareness among drivers or by restricting access to low emission zones.

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