scholarly journals Human life saving lifelines and cost-effective design of an exclusive water supply system for fires following earthquakes

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Takada ◽  
Y. Kuwata
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Supply System ◽  
Water Supply System ◽  
Life Saving ◽  
Effective Design

scholarly journals ENSURING COST-EFFECTIVE AND RELIABLE OPERATION OF AGRICULTURAL WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS (AS IN THE CASE OF WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS OF TARASIVKA VILLAGE IN KYIV REGION)

2019 ◽  
pp. 175-185
Author(s):  
V. V. Nor ◽  
T. Р. Khomutetska
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Supply System ◽  
Water Supply System ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Agricultural Water ◽  
Reliable Operation ◽  
Agricultural Water Supply ◽  
Supply Systems ◽  
Efficiency And Reliability

The current state of water supply in Ukraine was analyzed and the main problems that arise on the existing water supply systems, related to the lack of efficiency of both water treatment technologies and operation conditions of the water supply system structures, characterized by high energy consumption, excess pressure formation and accident rate increase were studied. It was specified that in agricultural water supply systems additional difficulties can arise due to significant fluctuations of water consumption during the day, therefore, there is a need for the study of the joint work of interacting structures, especially in the towerless schemes. It is shown that to solve the problems of reliable provision of consumers with the required water amounts, water pressures and water quality, is possible taking into account the requirements of economy, reliability and environmental safety, and to identify weaknesses and develop recommendations for ensuring the efficient operation of structures can be fulfilled by mathematical modeling and analysis of various possible variants of system operation. The issue of increasing the efficiency and reliability of agricultural supply systems was considered using the example of the water supply system in Tarasivka village of Kyiv region. The article deals with increasing the efficiency and reliability of agricultural water supply systems. The results of the study of water supply systems operation, based on the utilization of ground water in the village of Tarasivka, Kyiv region are given, which demonstrate that when pumping water from the well directly into the water supply network, excess damage energy for water lift occurs. The reliability of the water supply system, when pumping water from the well, was analyzed and the measures to ensure cost-effective and reliable operation of water supply structures while reducing the specific costs of electricity for supplying water to consumers and improving its quality were proposed.

scholarly journals A Basic Experimental Study on Analysis of Leak Signal and Monitoring Method for Water Supply Pipe

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 2097
Author(s):  
Youngseok Kim ◽  
Haewook Jung ◽  
Jaesuk Ryou ◽  
Jaehyuk Choi
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Supply System ◽  
Water Supply System ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Monitoring Method ◽  
Main Pipe ◽  
Valve Leak

Water supply systems are essential elements for human life and industry, and water leaks and water supply cut-off may cause major problems. Local water leaks and pipe failures in the water supply system are inevitable problems due to the aging of pipes. Therefore, leakage detection and prevention are required to monitor the integrity of the water supply system. This paper is a fundamental study on the applicability of the smart bolt, which was developed as a monitoring system to detect water leakage in water supply monitoring. Detection experiments were conducted using a smart bolt with a built-in strain sensor and an accelerometer. Through finite element analysis using ANSYS 2019 R2 and tensile strength testing, the strength of the smart bolt was confirmed to have the acceptable tensile strength. The smart bolt used in this study was verified to meet the allowable criteria of torque and tensile stress for a municipal water supply system. The frequency responses of the simulated leakage pipe system, according to the leakage of the valve and the main pipe, were analyzed, and a leak signal at the valve leak point was detected in the 60-Hz band. The main pipe leaking point was observed to produce a leak signal with a much higher-order mode than that of the valve leak point. Therefore, the smart bolt can be applied to detect warning leak signs from water supply valves and to monitor for loosening of the bolts.

scholarly journals Experience of using the NALCO 1392 scale inhibitor in the circulating water supply system of the Novovoronezh NPP

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-89
Author(s):  
Dmitry M. Dronov ◽  
Aleksandr V. Gontovoy ◽  
Yelena N. Sarkisyan ◽  
Natalya V. Karandeeva
Keyword(s):  
Heat Exchange ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Cooling Water ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Supply System ◽  
Water Supply System ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Mineral Salts ◽  
Circulating Water ◽  
Internal Surfaces

Power facilities use large amounts of water to cool steam in the steam turbine condensers, and lubricating oils, gas and air in turbine sets. The key requirement for the quality of cooling water is to ensure normal vacuum in condensers. Cooling water must not form mineral and biological deposits and corrosion products in the system. Deposits of mineral salts in the condenser tube system, as well as in auxiliary cooling systems, lead to deterioration in heat exchange and a major decrease in the cost effectiveness of the power equipment operation, and require the heat-exchange equipment to be periodically cleaned. The source water used for cooling is normally taken from nearby water bodies (large rivers or lakes). Circulating water supply systems are used most commonly: these systems use repeatedly the same water inventory for cooling, and require only small amounts of water added to make up for evaporation losses. Coolers, in this case, are cooling towers, spray pools and evaporation ponds. The water chemistry should ensure the operation of equipment without any damage to its components or the loss of efficiency caused by the corrosion of the internal surfaces as well as without scale and sludge formation. It is exactly when using circulating water supply that a stabilizing treatment program is the most practicable way to ensure a cost-effective and environmentally friendly mode of operation. To inhibit scaling processes on the heat-exchange surfaces of the turbine condenser tubes at the Novovoronezh NPP’s unit 5, the cooling water was treated with the NALCO 1392 inhibitor. The results of the NALCO 1392 inhibitor pilot tests in the circulating water supply system (with a cooling pool) are presented.

DETERMINATION OF ARSENIC, CADMIUM, LEAD, COOPER AND ZINC IN DRINKING WATER FROM R. MACEDONIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 1259-1264
Author(s):  
Kiril Lisichkov ◽  
Katerina Atkovska ◽  
Neven Trajchevski ◽  
Orce Popovski ◽  
Nadica Todorovska
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Absorption Spectroscopy ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy ◽  
Supply System ◽  
Water Supply System ◽  
Bottled Water ◽  
Cadmium Lead ◽  
The City

The presence of some chemical compounds at higher levels than maximum permissible concentrations (MPC) in the drinking water, suggests of water resources pollution. In this paper the following elements were analyzed: total arsenic, cadmium, lead, cooper and zinc. Twelve samples of water from the water supply system from the city of Skopje were examined during one year from three different springs. Also, ten samples of bottled water from three producers from the Macedonian market were tested.The determined average mass concentrations of total As, Cd(II), Pb(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II) in the analyzed water samples from the water supply system are 1.35 μg/l, 0.06 μg/l, 0.6 μg/l, 0.9 μg/l and 1,12 μg/l, respectively, and for the tested bottled water, the mean values ranges from 0.56 - 0.83 μg total As / l, 0.053 - 0.056 μg Cd(II)/l, 0.51 - 0.54 μg Pb(II)/l , 0.6 - 0.87 μg Cu(II)/l and 0.68 - 0.8 μg Zn(II)/l water.The following instrumental analytical methods and techniques were used for the analysis of the tested samples of drinking water: flame atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS), atomic absorption spectroscopy with hydride cеll, electrothermal atomic absorption spectroscopy.The obtained results are shown in tables and graphic form. According to the obtained results a comparative analysis was carried out indicate that it is a water of good quality that can be used in different branches of the process industry.The obtained results in this paper do not exceed the values of the MPC of the Republic of Macedonia prescribed by the legal regulations for the drinking water, which confirm the health safety of the drinking water from the water supply system in the city of Skopje and the packed waters from the Macedonian market in relation to the tested elements.

The Management Component of the Kafr El Sheikh Water Supply Project, Egypt

1993 ◽  
Vol 27 (9) ◽  
pp. 29-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. Rose
Keyword(s):  
Health Education ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Institutional Development ◽  
Supply System ◽  
Water Supply System ◽  
Development Work ◽  
Delta Region ◽  
Sustainable Water Supply ◽  
Finance Development ◽  
Institutional Resources

The Kafr El Sheikh Water Supply Project is a comprehensive endeavour to provide the physical and institutional resources for an effective and sustainable water supply system for 2 million persons in a developing rural Governorate in the Delta region of Egypt. The paper describes the aims of the Management Component, the institutional development of an integrated water supply and sewerage company and the main activities to-date. These include training, operational improvements, health education and finance development. Further support is required until all engineering and institutional development work has been completed.

System Analysis of Source Water Indicators at Drinking Water Production in the Central Water Supply System

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 84
Author(s):  
G A Blagodatsky ◽  
A A Bass ◽  
M M Gorokhov ◽  
D S Ponomarev
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Supply System ◽  
Water Supply System ◽  
Source Water ◽  
Water Production ◽  
Drinking Water Production

Работа посвящена системному анализу данных показателей исходной воды при производстве питьевой воды в системе центрального водоснабжения крупного населенного пункта. На сегодняшний день на фоне увеличивающегося негативного антропогенного воздействия на окружающую среду наблюдается ухудшение состояния многих источников питьевого водоснабжения в широком спектре показателей, в частности, таких как органолептические свойства воды. Как следствие, возникает проблема и для питьевой воды. В работе приводится процесс подготовки данных о параметрах исходной воды, забираемой из водохранилища, которые ежемесячно (с 2002 по 2014 год) учитывались на предприятии при дезодорации воды. Приведенные параметры оказывают существенное влияние на органолептические свойства конечной воды. Подготовка данных для анализа проводится методом главных компонент К. Пирсона. Данные, полученные в пространстве R9, переводятся в пространство меньшей размерности R3. Понижение размерности позволяет снизить автокорреляцию между компонентами. Отбор компонент в пространство R3 проводится по правилу Парето. В пространстве R3 методом сферической кластеризации данных «Форель» с постоянным радиусом группировки проводится кластеризация. Приводится пошаговое визуальное представление алгоритма кластеризации в пространстве R3. В работе показано, что в данных показателях качества исходной воды имеются кластеры. Проводится корреляционно-регрессионный анализ данных, представленных в главных компонентах. Строятся регрессионные зависимости показателей органолептических свойств от главных компонент из пространства R3.

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