scholarly journals Некоторые особенности универсального пространства войны в романе Олега Ермакова „Знак зверя”

10.24917/3933 ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 174-183
Author(s):  
Monika Knurowska
Keyword(s):  
Main Topic ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Book Of Revelation ◽  
Human Reaction ◽  
Space And Time ◽  
Universal Space ◽  
Universal Nature

Universal space of war in Oleg Yermakov's Sign of the beast In his clearly pacifistic and anti-war book, a contemporary Russian writer Oleg Yermakov projects such an image of war which at a mythological level could be compared to the vision of hell. The main topic of the book is signalled through its title and motto, taken from the Book of Revelation (14:11): “And the smoke of their torment will rise for ever and ever. There will be no rest day or night for those who worship the beast and its image”. The beast found in the novel is a personification of war, which in the writer’s view is unhuman and pointless. By combining in his writing visual and acoustic effects, as well as by making use of biblical symbols, Yermakov creates a universal space of evil. The space mentioned is composed of ideas of emptiness, ideological void, world without God, death, recurrence of phenomena which bears the signs of eternity, endlessness. The universal nature of the problem discussed was signalled through setting the plot in unspecified space and time. Anonymity and typicality are the dominant features. The writer is concerned with human reaction to evil, degradation of personality of one consciously taking part in war, the notion of complicity, and responsibility for one’s actions.Key words: Oleg Jermakow; Sign of the beast; space; war; evil; biblical symbols;

scholarly journals Chronotope of Russian Works about Robinson

2021 ◽  
pp. 287-302
Author(s):  
T. V. Shvetsova ◽  
V. E. Shakhova
Keyword(s):  
Russian Language ◽  
Literary Analysis ◽  
The Novel ◽  
The Real ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Space And Time ◽  
Language Interpretation ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
The Russian Language

The results of the study of the chronotope in Russian-language compositions based on the novel about Robinson’s adventures are presented. The material for the work was A. E. Razin’s novel “The Real Robinson” (1860) and Lev Tolstoy’s story “Robinson” (1862). The issues of the specifics of the representation of the chronotopic in the works of Russian writers are considered. The relevance of the study is due to the appeal to the universal of the chronotope, which contains an exhaustive toolkit for the artistic embodiment of images of space and time; as well as the search for new methods of literary analysis of the text. It is shown that in the analyzed texts, a kind of fusion of Russianlanguage compositions with a foreigncultural text in the aspect of a chronotope is realized. The similarities and differences in the rethinking of the story of Robinson are shown on the example of the model of textual connexity, the national specifics of the representation of the image of Robinson are indicated. It is noted that the external and internal chronotopes are retransmitted from work to work and create the basis for the emergence of the author’s intentions. It is proved that chronotopic analysis allows one to form an idea of the peculiarities of the Russian-language interpretation of the story of Robinson.

scholarly journals Buddhist Precepts and the Diagnosis of Women’s suffering in Doris Lessing’s The Golden Notebook

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 42
Author(s):  
Shaereh Shaereh Shaerpooraslilankrodi ◽  
Ruzy Suliza Hashim
Keyword(s):  
The Novel ◽  
Female Characters ◽  
Female Self ◽  
The Core ◽  
Self Development ◽  
The World ◽  
Self Transcendence ◽  
Dependent Arising ◽  
Mahāyāna Buddhism ◽  
Universal Nature

<p>In Doris Lessing’s fictions, the effects of the world outside on the female self-transcendence are invariably lost, and instead the journey in the world within is notably emphasized. Similarly in <em>The Golden Notebook</em> the didactic bend of the female enlightenment is firmly entrenched to the world within where personal harmonies parallel the mystical patterns of self-development. Moreover, the detailed exploration of the novel foregrounds the female characters’ hard effort to end their suffering which is the core of Buddhist teachings. Hence, while Lessing is not specifically attempting to portray Buddhist principles in her novel, her vision captures the universal nature of humankind’s attempts to overcome suffering which is the most emphasized concept in Buddhism. Accordingly, the purpose of this paper is to use Buddhist philosophical thoughts, particularly the founding of the pioneer of Mahayana Buddhism, Nagarjuna, in his book <em>Mulamadhyamakakarika </em>to look more closely at the root of women’s suffering and their prescription to overcome it. The methodology appropriated entails depiction of clinging as the root of female suffering which is overtly discussed in Nagarjuna’s philosophy. After diagnosis of clinging disease as the root of suffering, this paper presents Nagarjuna’s prescription to end suffering through viewing the “empty” nature of beings and “dependent arising”. By examining the root of female suffering and offering the method for its eradication, we depart from other critics who examine Lessing’s works under Sufi mystic thoughts. This departure is significant since we reveal, unlike Sufi patterns within which the suffering is only diagnosed, Lessing’s mystic aim in shaping her female characters is not only to detect their suffering, but like Buddhism, to suggest a prescription for it. </p>

scholarly journals The Chronotope of Fairy Tale in Guzel Yakhina’s Novel “My Children”

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 584-594
Author(s):  
Olga A. Nesterova
Keyword(s):  
Fairy Tales ◽  
Fairy Tale ◽  
Mutual Influence ◽  
Literary Analysis ◽  
Mirror Reflection ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Static Properties ◽  
Space And Time ◽  
Time Extension ◽  
Soviet Russia

The article examines the chronotope of fairy tale as a basic plot component in the structure of the novel “My Children” by the contemporary Russian writer Guzel Yakhina. The article investigates the ways of archetypical space functioning within the system of mythological time, and analyzes the principal space and time coordinates of the lives of main characters and their interaction. There is shown that Yakhina’s appeal to the genre elements of fairy tale allows her to underscore the universal and all-encompassing nature of the historical processes that shaped the tragic fate of the Volga Germans in Soviet Russia. In the novel “My Children”, the plots and images of German folklore serve as a basic model for organizing different types of space arising from the stable archaic communicative mo­dels and cultural archetypes of folk tradition. The no­vel presents such elements of the space and time continuum of fairy tales as the existence of borders (both open and closed) and the character’s travels within different worlds; the transformative capacity of space and time (extension and compression, appearance and disappearance, plasticity and rigidity, dynamic and static properties, etc.); the link between the “lower” and the “upper” worlds or the “space of giants” and the “space of dwarves”; and the mutual influence of space and time characteristics. The article identifies the semiotic and semantic properties of the underground, underwater, aquatic, terrestrial and aerial spaces presented in the novel. The everyday and socio-historical space and time continua in the novel are a mirror reflection of the space and time characteristics of fairy tale, while archetypes are incarnated in the domain of social interaction. Yakhina’s novel “My Children” presents such chronoto­pic features as relativism, invariance, and symmetry. The use of the archetypical structure of fairy tale allowed the writer to make a literary analysis of complex socio-cultural and socio-psychological processes.

scholarly journals ETNOSENTRISME DALAM TENGGELAMNYA KAPAL VAN DER WIJCK KARYA HAMKA DALAM PERSPEKTIF STRUKTURASI GIDDENS

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 90
Author(s):  
Uci Elly Kholidah ◽  
Siti Hardiyanti Amri
Keyword(s):  
Social System ◽  
Literary Work ◽  
Social Activities ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Space And Time ◽  
Literary Context ◽  
Anthony Giddens ◽  
Theory Of Structuration ◽  
Agent Structure

Sebagai makhluk sosial, manusia saling berinteraksi dengan gugus pengetahuan dan pengalaman berbeda satu sama lain. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis etnosentrisme dalam novel Tenggelamnya Kapal Van der Wijck karya Hamka dengan perspektif Strukturasi Giddens. Strukturasi menolak pandangan dualisme dengan menekankan dualitas agen dan struktur. Setiap agen bertindak berdasarkan skemata atau struktur dalam ruang dan waktu tertentu. Selanjutnya, aktivitas sosial para agen tersebut memengaruhi struktur itu kembali. Dalam konteks sastra, agen merujuk pada penulis dan tokoh-tokoh yang ada di dalam karya sastra. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa gejala etnosentrisme melalui tindakan para tokoh dalam novel merupakan manifestasi struktur penulis. Novel Tenggelamnya Kapal Van der Wijck merupakan sarana komunikasi Hamka selaku agen yang dimotivasi oleh keinginan akan perbaikan dan perubahan terhadap struktur budaya Minangkabau. Karya ini juga mampu mengubah sistem sosial yang membentuk struktur etnosentrisme Hamka.Kata Kunci: Strukturasi; Agen; Struktur; Anthony Giddens; Tenggelamnya Kapal Van der Wijck As social beings, humans interact using a distinct set of knowledge and experiences. This research aims to analyze ethnocentrism in the novel Tenggelamnya Kapal Van der Wijck by Hamka through the perspective of Giddens’ structuration. The theory of structuration rejects the notion of dualism by highlighting the duality of agent and structure. Every agent acts on a schemata or structure in a certain space and time. Furthermore, the agents' social activities conversely affect the structure. In literary context, agents refer to both writer and characters in literary work. The result of this study indicates that the phenomenon of ethnocentrism showed through the actions of the characters in the novel isthe manifestation of the author's structure. The novel Tenggelamnya Kapal Van der Wijck is a media of communication for Hamka as an agent motivated by his desire for improvements and changes in the structure of Minangkabau culture. This work is also able to change social system that actually constructs Hamka ethnocentrism structure.Keywords: Structuration; Agent; Structure; Anthony Giddens; Tenggelamnya Kapal Van der Wijck. 

scholarly journals Ivanhoe by Walter Scott in the Creative Perception of Ivan Turgenev. Article One

2020 ◽  
pp. 5-15
Author(s):  
Ivan O. Volkov ◽  
◽  
Emma M. Zhilyakova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Short Story ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Research Attention ◽  
Speech Characteristics ◽  
Walter Scott ◽  
Ordinary Person ◽  
The One ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Universal Nature ◽  
Obvious Similarity

In the article, on the material of Ivan Turgenev’s library and his short story “The Jew”, the issue of reading and creative perception is examined. Turgenev’s perception of Ivanhoe by Walter Scott is in the focus. The research attention is developing from the interpretation of several Turgenev’s notes left in the English version of the novel to the analysis of the creative perception of the images of Isaac and Rebecca, which became the ideological and semantic basis of “The Jew”. The reading of Ivanhoe in the original in the early 1840s became for the writer a penetration into Scott’s individual writing system. Turgenev’s few notes indicate that he became acquainted with Scott’s creative manner: the ability to voluminously weave comic elements into the pathetic-heroic atmosphere of action, the combination of historical and artistic material, the boldness of the ironic tone, and the mastery of speech characteristics. The reader’s perception of Scott’s novel was soon replaced by its creative interpretation, as a result of which “The Jew” appeared. Following the example of the English novelist, the object of Turgenev’s artistic reflection is a Jewish father and his daughter, who find themselves in a socio-historical and moral-psychological crisis — the Patriotic War of 1812 and the Foreign Campaigns of the Russian Army. There is an obvious similarity between Scott’s Rebecca and Turgenev’s Sarah: from the elements of the external description and the details of the portrait to the moral and psychological characteristics. The two young girls are especially united by the sense of pride and the awareness of their dignity, which clearly manifest themselves in the moments of danger that threatens them. Besides, the relationship between the Jewish girl and the Russian officer in Turgenev’s story vaguely resembles the situation of Rebecca and Ivanhoe. But the love line in “The Jew” does not develop in full. Considering William Shakespeare’s and Gotthold Lessing’s experience, following Walter Scott, Turgenev reflects on the universal nature of the “humiliated tribe”. The Russian writer depicts the psychology of the experiences of the Jew Girshel, accused of spying for the French. In the tradition of objectivity and epic literature, inherited from Scott, Turgenev draws a tragic line related to the position of an ordinary person. But, unlike the English novelist, Turgenev brings the torment of the character to the highest limit – the death penalty. At the same time, the Russian writer explicates sharp contradictions in the image of his character that turns out to be a carrier of suffering, on the one hand, and a source of laughter, on the other. This shows Turgenev’s orientation on the features of Shakespeare’s image of a person, in which the tragic invariably coexists with the comic. Walter Scott sensitively learned the law of ambivalence from Shakespeare, too.

scholarly journals Seeking Byzantium on the Borders of Narration, Identity, Space and Time in Julia Kristeva's Novel Murder in Byzantium

Nordlit ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helena Bodin
Keyword(s):  
General Public ◽  
Literary Analysis ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Historical Texts ◽  
Space And Time ◽  
12Th Century ◽  
Academic Discussion

This article discusses the notion of Byzantium and Byzantium's potential capacities as a multifaceted borderland, as shaped and perceived in Julia Kristeva's novel Murder in Byzantium. In spite of its title, this is not a historical, but rather a so-called total novel, which reconciles several different plots - romantic, criminal, political and philosophical. It relies on both fictive and historical texts, especially on The Alexiad, written in the 12th century by the Byzantine princess and the first female historian ever, Anna Comnena. Through a literary analysis, this article shows how Byzantium is shaped in the novel by transgressions of the borders of narration, identity, space and time. Byzantium is thus of great interest to the general public and an academic discussion of borders, origin, history and culture, so important for the discussion of Europe's role today in - or, as suggested in the novel, perhaps between - Eastern and Western cultures. 

scholarly journals Fictions of Time and Space

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-162
Author(s):  
David Sergeant
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Time And Space ◽  
Space And Time ◽  
Spatial Narrative ◽  
Narrative Mode ◽  
Twentieth Century Fiction ◽  
Shed Light

This essay argues for a fuller recognition of the key transitional status of The Four-Gated City (1969) in Doris Lessing’s career. As an attempt to recalibrate the basic coordinates of the realist inheritance, the novel develops a strongly spatial narrative mode that coincides with a desire to write a utopian collective. This is confirmed both by previously unstudied draft material for Briefing for a Descent into Hell (1971) and the published texts that followed. However, in The Four-Gated City this attempt to break from the destructive globalization of the postwar era becomes deeply problematic through its handling of history and time. Examining this struggle in Lessing’s writing can shed light on how the interplay of space and time informs the intertwined histories of realism and modernism in twentieth-century fiction, and on how Lessing’s work contributes to current debates about possible futures for the novel.

scholarly journals Wordsworthian Chance

2009 ◽  
pp. 0
Author(s):  
Andrew Burkett
Keyword(s):  
First Generation ◽  
Sufficient Reason ◽  
The Novel ◽  
A Posteriori ◽  
Causal Relations ◽  
Space And Time ◽  
Principle Of Sufficient Reason

Abstract First-generation Romantic poets generally hold a deeply rooted faith in the notion of the limitless nature of possibility, and in reaction to Enlightenment determinism, several of these poets strive for an understanding and representation of nature that is divorced from Enlightenment notions of causality. This essay specifically explores William Wordsworth’s poetic denunciation of such deterministic accounts of causality through an investigation of The Prelude’s (1799, 1805, 1850) complication of the assumption that the natural effect can be traced backward towards a single identifiable cause. I argue that in place of this principle of sufficient reason, Wordsworth embraces the notion of “chance” as possessing the inexhaustible powers of difference. In accordance with his fascination with the potentialities of the novel infinite, the idea of “chance” allows Wordsworth to challenge the notion of “necessity,” or the philosophic claim that steadfast and orderly laws determine all events in space and time. While Wordsworth certainly does not argue with the notion that cause-effect chains can be traced temporally back in time, such a genealogical record, he suggests, can only ever be deduced and constructed a posteriori. Only after the fact of its historical instantiation can the genealogical record of causal relations be deciphered and inscribed, he indicates. Such a genealogy, then, in no way undermines a faith in chance. Rather, according to Wordsworth, the record only makes the idea of chance all the more manifest. Such a posteriori inscriptions provide a distillation of the concept of chance. In this causal record Wordsworth locates the phantom outlines left in chance’s conceptual wake, or perhaps better stated, through the specters of the idea of chance.

PANDEMIC AND LITERATURE: A STUDY ON KAKKANADAN'S VASOORI

Ensemble ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol SP-1 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-107
Author(s):  
RENU ANNA BOBAN ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Human Race ◽  
Regional Literature ◽  
Human Reaction ◽  
Look Back ◽  
History Of

The current pandemic situation has completely altered our lives. In this context, it is imperative to look back at the history of human civilization to see how the ancient faced such situations. Works dealing with the horrors of plague have been written in various regional literature across India, the famous being Rabindranath Tagore’s Puraton Bhritto, Ahmed Ali’s Twilight in Delhi and U.R Anandamoorthy’s Samskara. The article focuses on a Malayalam novel, Vasoori, written by Kakkanadan (1968) which revolves around the lives of common village folk caught in the jaws of smallpox. The novel focuses on the lived in experience of a community forced to face the disease almost every year. It is enlightening to go through the novel in the current Covid-19 pandemic as it concentrates on the first human reaction to pandemics – fear. By using the motif of smallpox, Vasoori pushes the reader to reflect on the ancestral fear of humans to infectious diseases and how it completely shatters the body’s internal perceptions. Thus reading Vasoori in the current pandemic situation is one way of understanding how the human race dealt with a disease for which there seemed no solution in sight.

Morbidity in Young Adult Literature: A Case Study in the Outsiders

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Arvind Dahal
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Young Adult Literature ◽  
Young Adult Fiction ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Safe Place ◽  
Universal Nature

The inevitable and universal nature of death has made it a popular topic in Young Adult literature. While death recurs in these stories however, death in young adult novels is much darker and more complex. In this light, this paper discusses why is the issue of death in Young Adult fiction is still a safe place to discuss from the novel “The Outsiders”. It argues that the young adults find themselves in a state of morbid fear and realize that what for them is the site of joy and peace is a place of horror to the adults.

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