scholarly journals Effects of Strenuous Exercise with Eccentric Muscle Contraction: Physiological and Functional Aspects of Human Skeletal Muscle

2010 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 179-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osamu YANAGISAWA ◽  
Toshiyuki KURIHARA ◽  
Koji OKUMURA ◽  
Toru FUKUBAYASHI
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Contraction ◽  
Human Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Strenuous Exercise ◽  
Functional Aspects ◽  
Eccentric Muscle Contraction

Static stretch increases c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase activity and p38 phosphorylation in rat skeletal muscle

2001 ◽  
Vol 280 (2) ◽  
pp. C352-C358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marni D. Boppart ◽  
Michael F. Hirshman ◽  
Kei Sakamoto ◽  
Roger A. Fielding ◽  
Laurie J. Goodyear
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Contraction ◽  
Protein Kinases ◽  
Human Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Fiber Type ◽  
Eccentric Contractions ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Static Stretch

Physical exercise and contraction increase c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) activity in rat and human skeletal muscle, and eccentric contractions activate JNK to a greater extent than concentric contractions in human skeletal muscle. Because eccentric contractions include a lengthening or stretch component, we compared the effects of isometric contraction and static stretch on JNK and p38, the stress-activated protein kinases. Soleus and extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles dissected from 50- to 90-g male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to 10 min of electrical stimulation that produced contractions and/or to 10 min of stretch (0.24 N tension, 20–25% increase in length) in vitro. In the soleus muscle, contraction resulted in a small, but significant, increase in JNK activity (1.8-fold above basal) and p38 phosphorylation (4-fold). Static stretch had a much more profound effect on the stress-activated protein kinases, increasing JNK activity 19-fold and p38 phosphorylation 21-fold. Increases in JNK activation and p38 phosphorylation in response to static stretch were fiber-type dependent, with greater increases occurring in the soleus than in the EDL. Immunohistochemistry performed with a phosphospecific antibody revealed that activation of JNK occurred within the muscle fibers. These studies suggest that the stretch component of a muscle contraction may be a major contributor to the increases in JNK activity and p38 phosphorylation observed after exercise in vivo.

scholarly journals Assessment of Human Skeletal Muscle Contraction and Force by Diffusion Tensor Imaging

2015 ◽  
Vol 05 (04) ◽  
pp. 189-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junichi Hata ◽  
Haruyuki Nagata ◽  
Kazuki Endo ◽  
Yuji Komaki ◽  
Masakazu Sato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Diffusion Tensor Imaging ◽  
Muscle Contraction ◽  
Human Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Contraction

Eccentric muscle contractions induce greater oxidative stress than concentric contractions in skeletal muscle

2007 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 273-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michihiro Kon ◽  
Kai Tanabe ◽  
Hoseong Lee ◽  
Fuminori Kimura ◽  
Takayuki Akimoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Contraction ◽  
Tibialis Anterior ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Tibialis Anterior Muscle ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Muscle Contractions ◽  
Eccentric Muscle Contraction ◽  
Contraction Group

The purpose of this study was to examine oxidative stress in skeletal muscle after eccentric and concentric muscle contractions. Eight-week-old Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) mice (n = 90) were divided into 3 groups: eccentric muscle contraction group (ECC, n = 42), concentric muscle contraction group (CON, n = 42), and control group (pre, n = 6). The tibialis anterior muscle was stimulated via the peroneal nerve to contract either eccentrically or concentrically. The tibialis anterior muscle was isolated before and 0, 6, 12, 18, 24, 72, and 168 h after muscle contraction. Immediately after muscle contractions, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) in skeletal muscle significantly increased (p < 0.05) in both ECC and CON conditions. However, in the ECC group alone, the TBARS level peaked at 12 and 72 h after the contractions. There was greater migration of mononuclear cells in ECC than in CON muscle. In addition, there was a correlation between TBARS in skeletal muscle and migration of mononuclear cells in ECC muscle (r = 0.773, p < 0.01), but this correlation was not apparent in CON muscle (r = 0.324, p = 0.12). The increased mononuclear cells may reflect inflammatory cells. These data suggest that eccentric muscle contraction induces greater oxidative stress in skeletal muscle, which may in turn be due to enhanced generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by migrating inflammatory cells.

scholarly journals Hypoxia in Combination With Muscle Contraction Improves Insulin Action and Glucose Metabolism in Human Skeletal Muscle via the HIF-1α Pathway

Diabetes ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 66 (11) ◽  
pp. 2800-2807 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sven W. Görgens ◽  
Tim Benninghoff ◽  
Kristin Eckardt ◽  
Christian Springer ◽  
Alexandra Chadt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Muscle Contraction ◽  
Insulin Action ◽  
Human Skeletal Muscle

Regulation of phosphorylase a activity in human skeletal muscle

1990 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 919-923 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Ren ◽  
E. Hultman
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Contraction ◽  
Human Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Turnover Rate ◽  
Control Mechanism ◽  
Force Generation ◽  
Contracting Muscle ◽  
Atp Turnover ◽  
Quadriceps Femoris Muscles ◽  
Glycogen Breakdown

The control mechanism of glycogenolysis by phosphorylase a in contracting muscle has been investigated. The quadriceps femoris muscles of six subjects were intermittently stimulated at 15 and 50 Hz. The stimulation lasted 9.6 s and was performed twice at 15 Hz and once at 50 Hz. Epinephrine was infused continuously during the experiment. The force generation and ATP turnover rate were nearly twofold higher at 50 Hz than at 15 Hz. Calculated mean Pi was 5.7 and 10.0 mM during the two 15-Hz stimulations and 8.1 mM during the 50-Hz stimulation. Phosphorylase a varied between 85.5 and 91.5% without significant differences between periods. However, the rate of glycogenolysis was twofold higher during the stimulation at 50 Hz than it was at 15 Hz (P less than 0.05) and was related to the ATP turnover rate (r = 0.992). These results demonstrate that rapid glycogen breakdown during muscle contraction cannot be solely explained by transformation of phosphorylase b to a and increased Pi concentration. The contraction intensity may determine the glycogenolytic rate through a transient increase in free AMP level related to the ATP turnover rate.

scholarly journals Morphological and Functional Aspects of Human Skeletal Muscle

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 289-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Trovato ◽  
Rosa Imbesi ◽  
Nerys Conway ◽  
Paola Castrogiovanni
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Human Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Functional Aspects
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